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EMSEMS STANDARDSSTANDARDS & ISO 14000& ISO 14000

A birds eye viewA birds eye view

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Standards areStandards are

normative specificationsnormative specificationsofof

thethe degree or level of excellencedegree or level of excellencethat is expectedthat is expected

in ones performance or behaviourin ones performance or behaviour..

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Corporations all over the world are facingtremendous pressures to reduce theharmful effects of their operation on

environment and

improve theirenvironmental performance.

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Numerous environmental laws &regulations have been enacted bynational governments.

Non-compliance of these invites

legal actions and heavypenalties.

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Era ofEra of enlightened citizenshipenlightened citizenship

corporations setting for themselves theircorporations setting for themselves their

ownown standards of performancestandards of performance

(covering environmental performance as(covering environmental performance aswell).well).

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Corporate response to environmentalCorporate response to environmentalconsiderations are prompted byconsiderations are prompted by

corporate commitment tocorporate commitment to businessbusinessethicsethics andand

corporate social responsibilitycorporate social responsibility

(CSR).(CSR).

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The concept ofThe concept of

tripple bottom linetripple bottom lineis finding increasing acceptance in the globalis finding increasing acceptance in the globalcorporate domain.corporate domain.

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This concept wasThis concept was developed in 1997developed in 1997byby John ElkingtonJohn Elkington in his bookin his book Cannibals withCannibals withForksForks..

It adds to the traditional measures ofIt adds to the traditional measures of

economic/economic/financial performance twotwo

other sets of measures:other sets of measures: environmental performanceenvironmental performance,, &&

-- social performancesocial performance of the firm.of the firm.

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Within the framework of the Triple BottomWithin the framework of the Triple BottomLine approach,Line approach, companies all over the worldcompanies all over the worldareare trying to put in placetrying to put in place

their own environmenttheir own environment

management systemsmanagement systems

(EMS).(EMS).

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But, are these initiativesBut, are these initiatives--

genuine?genuine?oror

mere mereeye wash?eye wash?

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Do the design, content and operationalDo the design, content and operationaleffectiveness of EMS in each caseeffectiveness of EMS in each case

conformconformto certainto certain minimum expectedminimum expected

standardsstandards??

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So, corporations mustSo, corporations must ensure thatensure that--

theirtheirEMS conformsEMS conforms

to an accepted/prescribed set of standards.to an accepted/prescribed set of standards.

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Company shouldCompany should

get every aspect of its EMSget every aspect of its EMS duly examinedduly examined

visvis----visvis the set of standards, andthe set of standards, and

securesecure third party certificationthird party certification..

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Such certificationSuch certification --

isis a conclusive proof of the systemsa conclusive proof of the systems

conformityconformity to the prescribed set ofto the prescribed set ofstandards & hencestandards & hence,,

renders the EMS acceptablerenders the EMS acceptable to allto allstakeholders.stakeholders.

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AccordinglyAccordingly a wide array of EMS standardsa wide array of EMS standardshave been developed in different countries ofhave been developed in different countries of

the world.the world.

These include BS 5750,These include BS 5750,

BS 7750, and theBS 7750, and theEuropean EcoEuropean Eco

ManagementManagement

and Audit Scheme.and Audit Scheme.

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The ISO 14000 seriesThe ISO 14000 series

Emerged primarily as a result of the Rio Earth Summit.Emerged primarily as a result of the Rio Earth Summit.

Following rise in awareness, there has been aFollowing rise in awareness, there has been a steadysteadygrowth of national and regional standards.growth of national and regional standards.

Many countries including USA, Germany and JapanMany countries including USA, Germany and Japan

developed their own sets of EMS standards and ecodeveloped their own sets of EMS standards and ecolabeling programme.labeling programme.

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Standards developed by different standardStandards developed by different standard--

setting organisationssetting organisations differed significantlydiffered significantlywith regard to theirwith regard to their

focus,focus,

scope,scope,parameters, andparameters, and

measuring methods.measuring methods.

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GlobalizationGlobalization led to increased interled to increased inter--country flows of goods, services andcountry flows of goods, services and

investment.investment.

It becameIt became necessarynecessary for the globalfor the global

communities to develop and apply acommunities to develop and apply a set ofset ofuniform EMS standardsuniform EMS standards that wouldthat wouldbebe accepted by allaccepted by all countries and ensure acountries and ensure acommon approachcommon approach in dealing within dealing withenvironmental issues.environmental issues.

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The ISO 14000 standards came intoThe ISO 14000 standards came into

being.being.

It reflectsIt reflects global consensusglobal consensuson theon the desired minimum level ofdesired minimum level ofexcellence to be achieved byexcellence to be achieved by

EMSEMS when it is installed and operated bywhen it is installed and operated bya corporate or other organisation.a corporate or other organisation.

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The Administering AuthorityThe Administering Authority

The ISO 14000 series of standards have beenThe ISO 14000 series of standards have beendeveloped and aredeveloped and are administered byadministered by InternationalInternationalStandard Organisation (ISO).Standard Organisation (ISO).

The organisation, with more than 100 memberThe organisation, with more than 100 membercountries and itscountries and its HQ at Geneva (Switzerland),HQ at Geneva (Switzerland), aims ataims atdeveloping and promoting standards worldwidedeveloping and promoting standards worldwide toto

assure consistency in management systems.assure consistency in management systems.

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ISO has aISO has a two prongedtwo prongedapproachapproach to meeting the needs of allto meeting the needs of all

stakeholders in the of environment:stakeholders in the of environment:

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Firstly, itFirstly, it offers a wide rangingoffers a wide rangingportfolio of standardsportfolio of standards

to deal with and monitor such aspects as theto deal with and monitor such aspects as thequality of air, water and soil as well as noisequality of air, water and soil as well as noise

andand radiation.radiation.

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Secondly, through the said standardsSecondly, through the said standards --

ISOISO helps organisationshelps organisationsthroughout the globethroughout the globe --

to take a more proactive approach toto take a more proactive approach tomanaging environmental issuesmanaging environmental issues..

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Objectives of ISO 14000Objectives of ISO 14000

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2. To2. Toprovide organisationsprovide organisationswithwith aa globally accepted set ofglobally accepted set ofstandardsstandards

(for enabling them to design and operate their(for enabling them to design and operate their

own EMS accordingly);own EMS accordingly);

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3. To promote3. To promotea commona commonapproachapproach to environmentto environmentmanagement; andmanagement; and

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4. To4. Toenable organisationenable organisationattain andattain and measure improvements inmeasure improvements inenvironmental performance.environmental performance.

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CoverageCoverageISO 14000 series covers standards pertaining mainly to:ISO 14000 series covers standards pertaining mainly to:

Environmental management systemEnvironmental management system;;

EnvironmentalEnvironmental auditingauditing;;

EnvironmentalEnvironmental performance evaluationperformance evaluation;;

EnvironmentalEnvironmental labelinglabeling;;

Life cycle assessmentLife cycle assessment;; andandEnvironmental aspects in product standards.Environmental aspects in product standards.

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ApplicationApplication

The ISO 14000 seriesThe ISO 14000 series applies to all organisationsapplies to all organisationsaround the globe regardless of whether thearound the globe regardless of whether the

organisation isorganisation is

large or smalllarge or small;;

operating inoperating in industry,industry,agriculture, or services;agriculture, or services; oror

a business enterprise, an organisationa business enterprise, an organisationin public administration, or ain public administration, or agovernment departmentgovernment department..

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ISO 14000 Vs. ISO 9000ISO 14000 Vs. ISO 9000

The ISO 9000 familyThe ISO 9000 family is primarily concerned with qualityis primarily concerned with qualitymanagement. The standards belonging to this family havemanagement. The standards belonging to this family havebeen so designed as tofulfill :been so designed as tofulfill :

TheThe customers quality requirementscustomers quality requirements;;

The relatedThe related regulatory requirementsregulatory requirements; and also; and also

The requirements for achievingThe requirements for achieving continual improvements ofcontinual improvements ofperformance on quality front.performance on quality front.

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TheThe ISO 14000ISO 14000 family on the other hand isfamily on the other hand isconcerned with environmental management.concerned with environmental management.The standards guide and enable theThe standards guide and enable theorganisations toorganisations to--

Minimise the harmful effectsMinimise the harmful effects ofof

products, services and operations onproducts, services and operations onenvironment;environment;

MeetMeet regulatory requirementsregulatory requirements as far asas far as

environment is concerned; andenvironment is concerned; and

AchieveAchieve continuous improvementcontinuous improvement of itsof its

environmental performanceenvironmental performance..

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Benefits of ISO 14000 certification:Benefits of ISO 14000 certification:

Improved and aImproved and a greener public imagegreener public image of theof theorganisation;organisation;

Improved employeesImproved employees--perceptionperception of the keyof the keyenvironmental issues;environmental issues;

Increase inIncrease in efficiency in use of energyefficiency in use of energy and rawand rawmaterials;materials;

Improved ability to meetImproved ability to meet

environmental regulationsenvironmental regulations;;

andand

Increased ability to prevent and meet any suddenIncreased ability to prevent and meet any sudden

environmental disasterenvironmental disaster..

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Check yourselfCheck yourself

1.1. Explain the terms:Explain the terms:

Standards; Triple bottom line; EMS standards; ISO 14000 series;Standards; Triple bottom line; EMS standards; ISO 14000 series;International Standard Organisation.International Standard Organisation.

2.2. a) What are the main objectives served by the ISO 14000 series?a) What are the main objectives served by the ISO 14000 series?

b) What are its main coverage?b) What are its main coverage?

c) Where do the ISO 14000 series apply?c) Where do the ISO 14000 series apply?

d) How d

othe ISO 14000 series di

ffer

from the ISO 9000 series?d) H

ow d

othe ISO 14000 series di

ffer

from the ISO 9000 series?

e) What benefits are likely to accrue to a firm when it goes for the ISOe) What benefits are likely to accrue to a firm when it goes for the ISO14000 certification?14000 certification?