INTRODUÇÃO À BIOLOGIA BIOLOGIA – bios = vida; logos = estudo. Ciência que estuda os seres...

INTRODUÇÃO À BIOLOGIA

• BIOLOGIA – bios = vida; logos = estudo.

• Ciência que estuda os seres vivos sob todos os aspectos.

• Histórico da biologia

Aristóteles Robert Hooke Lineu Darwin Mendel

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- Subdivisões da biologia

- Morfologia

- Embriologia

- Taxonomia

Citologia – célulaHistologia – tecidoAnatomia – estruturas do organismo

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- Fisiologia

- Genética

- Evolução

- Paleontologia

- Ecologia

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CARACTERÍSTICAS DOS SERES VIVOS

- COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA

Compostos inorgânicos –

Compostos orgânicos -

Água Minerais

Carboidratos Lipídios Proteínas Ácidos nucléicos Vitaminas

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- ESTRUTURA CELULAR

Todos os seres vivos são constituídos por unidades básicas chamadas células.

Membrana

Citoplasma

Núcleo

OBS. Os vírus não são formados por células – são acelulares

- REPRODUÇÃO

- Capacidade de gerar descendentes da própria espécie.

- Reprodução assexuada

- Reprodução sexuada fusão de gametas

- REAÇÃO A ESTÍMULOS

Respostas (reações) a estímulos ambientais

- CRESCIMENTOAumento de tamanho pelo aumento do volume celular e do número de células

- METABOLISMO – reações químicas que mantêm o funcionamento do organismo.

- anabolismo

+

-catabolismo

+

metabolismo catabolismoanabolismo

A VERDADE SOBRE A EVOLUÇÃO DO HOMEM....

- EVOLUÇÃO Evolução é o processo através no qual ocorrem as mudanças ou transformações nos seres vivos ao longo do tempo, dando origem a espécies novas.

VÍDEO

• ADAPTAÇÃOCapacidade dos seres vivos sofrerem modificações em

sua estrutura que permitem sua sobrevivência no meio.

As adaptações podem ser hereditárias (e ocorrem aleatoriamente, sendo selecionadas pelo meio) ou adquiridas (não são hereditárias)

VÍDEO – SER BIÓLOGO

INTRODUÇÃO À BIOLOGIA BIOLOGIA – bios = vida; logos = estudo. Ciência que estuda os seres...

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