A2 LTR4 Lingua Inglesa II Teleaula 8 Tema 8 Impressao

7/25/2019 A2 LTR4 Lingua Inglesa II Teleaula 8 Tema 8 Impressao

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Lngua Inglesa IIProfa. Ma. Glauce Soares Casimiro

Tema 8 Talk about Lifetime Achievements

O Presente Perfeito tem como uma de suascaractersticas o fato de a ao ter-se iniciadoem algum momento do passado e continua aacontecer at o presente, ou seja, no umaao terminada.

A ao iniciou-se no passado e continua at o

momento presente.I have lost my key.Sandra has gone home.Have you seen Sarah?Have you seen Anna thismorning?


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We've been waiting for an hour. I have never played golf. You havent asked me any question before. Has she written a letter to you?

Passado Simples O Passado Simples indica que a aocomeou e terminou em determinadomomento do passado. A ao j terminou. I lost my key last week. Did you see Anna thismorning?

Sandra went home tenminutes ago.

Did you see Sarah yesterday?I saw John last vacation.What did you do last night? I stayed athome.We waited for an hour.


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Pelo fato de o Passado Simples se referir auma ao que j terminou em algum momentodo passado, deve-se usar alguma expressoque defina o tempo em que a ao aconteceu.Sandra wenthome...last week.yesterday.six months ago.in 1991.at 3 o'clock.

Ao se fazer perguntas com When...? ouWhat time...?, deve-se usar o PassadoSimples, e no o Presente Perfeito."Whendid you arrive? I arrived half an hourago. e NO"When have you arrived?

"What time did you get up last Sunday? eNO "What time have you gotten up lastSunday?


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Since/ForUsam-se as palavras since e forpara dizerh quanto tempo alguma coisa vemacontecendo.For refere-se a um perodo de tempo (twodays, seven hours etc.)I've been waiting fortwo hours.I haven't seen Tom forthree days.

Since refere-se ao perodo em que a aocomeou.Richard has been in Canada since January.We've beenwaiting since 9 o'clock.I've lived in So Paulosince I was a child.

AgoUsa-se a palavra ago(atrs) apenas no

Passado Simples e para expressar h quantotempo uma ao foi feita.Beth started her new job three monthsago.

I had dinner an hourago.Juliane arrived in Londonthree days ago.


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CONTINUANDO

Already (j)/Ever (j)/Yet (j/ainda)/Still (ainda)Estas quatro palavrinhas, apesar de terem omesmo significado, so empregadas emsituaes diferentes.

Already usado em oraes afirmativas.Sua posio na frase entre o auxiliar have e

o verbo principal.They've alreadyarrived.It's only nine o'clock and Paul has alreadygone to bed.I've alreadydone myhomework.


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Ever (j) Usa-se everquando se quer saberse algum, alguma vez na vida, j fezdeterminada ao. usado apenas emoraes interrogativas e sua posio na frase entre o auxiliar have e o verbo principal.Have you everbeen to Greece?Have you everstudiedabroad?

Have you ever visitedManaus?

Yet H dois significados para esta palavra.Em oraes interrogativas, significa j. Emoraes negativas, significa ainda. Esteadvrbio no usado na forma afirmativa. Suaposio na frase, tanto na interrogativa quantona negativa, no final da frase.

Have you done your homeworkyet?No, I haven't do ityet.Has your sister written you a letteryet?.


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Still (ainda) Usa-se still para expressarque algo comeou no passado e continuaacontecendo, ou seja, essa palavra expressacontinuidade. Seu significado aindae suaposio antes dos verbos ou entre o verboauxiliar e o verbo principal.

I stillhaven't found what I'm looking for.She is stillwaiting for you.Are you stillhere?

Just(acabar de) e Never(nunca)Just Usa-se o just no caso em que sequeira expressar que uma ao acaba deacontecer. Sua posio na frase entre oauxiliar havee o verbo principal.They havejustleft.Susan hasjustpreparedthe lunch.I havejustdone thedishes.


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Never Esse advrbio significa nunca,mas no pode estar junto a outra partcula denegao (not). Sua posio na frase entre oauxiliar have e o verbo principal.I have neverbeen to Italy.They have neverinvited me to travel withthem.Sarah has neverstudiedabroad.

1- Aes que comearam no passado econtinuam at o presente.She has worked at the hospital since April.I have exercised at the gym lately.They have organized their wedding.

2- Aes que ocorreram em um tempono determinado (indefinido) no

passado.I have been to the U.S.A.She has traveled to England.

You have made a delicious apple pie.


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3- Aes que acabaram de acontecer.They have just left.Jane has just made the lunch.I have just done the dishes.

Para as frases negativas, basta acrescentar ono t aps have/has. E nas frasesinterrogativas, basta colocar o have/has noincio da frase.She hasnt organized the house.They havent painted their house yet.Has she called Susan?Has he watched a lot ofmovies?

VAMOS PRATICAR


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1) Complete as frases a seguir utilizando os verbosentre parnteses no Present Perfect:a)Sonia and Ricardo _____________ (not - to do)their work yet.b)Jose _____________ (to get) a new job.c)They _____________ (to meet) the new clients.d)My parents _____________(to travel) to Northeast.a)That group of students ___

(to decorate) the school.

02) Neste tema, voc aprendeu os advrbios usadosno tempo verbal PresentPerfect. Assinale aalternativa correta com relao ao uso do ever:

a)Have you ever been in China?b)Has you ever been in China?c) Have ever you been in China?d)Have you been ever inChina?

a)Has you been ever inChina?

03) Assinale a alternativa correta com relaoao uso do PresentPerfect:

A: Was that the 10 o'clock bus? B: Yes, you ________________ it.a)Has just missed.b)Have just miss.c)Have just missed.d)Have just missing.e)Has just miss.


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04) Analise as frases e complete-as corretamenteusando o Presente Perfeito ou Passado Simples:a)Last year we _____________ (to go) to mygrandparents' house.b)Lyon and Bella _____________ (just to read) thebook.c)We _____________ (never

to visit) another countrybefore.a)

Sophia _____________(to buy) a new car in 2011.

05) Complete as frases com never, still, ever ouyet:a) I haven't bought the tickets ______________ .b) I __________ haven't finished cooking the dinner.c) When are you going to introduce me to your

girlfriend? I can't believe I haven't met her_________.

d) Have you ____ felt likesomebody is watching you?e) You shouldn't beashamed of your food.Just because you have ____tried to cook.

06) Use for ou since.a)

My sister has lived in Paris __________ 10 years.

b) Maggy is her office. She has been there__________ noon.

c) Brazil has been an independent country__________ 1822.

d) The bus is late. We'vewaiting __________ half anhour.


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FINALIZANDO

Present Perfect usado para expressaralgo que comeou no passado e ainda verdade no presenteI have worked at Englishtown since 2007.It hasnt stopped raining yet and the kidshavent finished their homework!

You have grown so much since the last timeI saw you!I have had seven meetings this week .

* J aconteceu, mas no importa quando ...My family has been toLondon.Have you seen the newmovie?


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Veja duas dicas extras sobre quando NOusar o Present Perfect:a) No use com datas dizendo quandoaconteceu. Veja a diferena:Present Perfect: My family has been toLondon.Simple Past: My familytraveled to London in2005.

b) No use com aes definitivas e pontuais,como nascer ou morrer.Present perfect pode ser usado com

VIVER: They have lived a long, happy life.NASCER, que algo pontual, tem ummomento exato, fica como simple past: Her child

was born yesterday.

I have worked as teacher in the past.

[Present Perfect]I worked as a teacher in 1995. [Past Simple]I have studied English already. [PresentPerfect: foco na ao, no fato]I studiedEnglish from1995 to 1999. [PastSimple: foco em quandoaconteceu]


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Hey Paulo, have you ever studied English?Yes, Mrcia. Ive studied English in thepast. [Present Perfect - foco na ao, no fato]Cool! And when was that?Oh, I studied English a long time ago, backin 1995. [Past Simple:foco em quando

aconteceu]

Hey Paulo, haveyou ever studiedEnglish? Yes, Mrcia. I studiedEnglish a long time

ago. back in 1995. Why?

I studied English last Saturday. We wentto grandmas yesterday. What didyou dolast weekend? I didnt watchTV last night.


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Quando voc tiver de dizer quando a aoocorreu, bem certo que ter de usar o PastSimple. As expresses ou palavras maisc o m u n s q u e i n d i c a m o p a s s a d oso: yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterdayafternoon, yesterday evening, last night, lastweek, last month, lastyear, two years ago.

I

ve studiedEnglish.We

vetravelledin Africa a lot.We

vemetbefore.I havent seenher lately.Note que nas sentenas acima no hnenhuma das palavrasou expresses que

indiquem quando a aoocorreu.

I studied English six years ago.

Ive studied English.

Na primeira sentena eu disse quando euestudei ingls. J na segunda sentena, euquero dizer que [j] estudei ingls e que meuconhecimento pode sertil agora.


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We metat a party last month.We

ve met before.Na primeira sentena eu disse quando agente se conheceu, eu deixei claro quando ofato ocorreu. Na segunda sentena eu apenasdisse que a gente j seconhece, eu nomenciono quando istoocorreu"

I havent seen them lately. Im sure we

ve met before. She

s neversaidsorryin her life. We

ve already been there. Note que em todas elas h uma certa

relao com o agora.

A2 LTR4 Lingua Inglesa II Teleaula 8 Tema 8 Impressao

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