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LABORATORIO MECANICA DE ROCAS
ANALISIS DISCONTINUIDADES MACIZO ROCOSO
ANDREA DEL PILAR PEDRAZAJULIO LEONARDO ESPITIA VARGAS
LILIANA TRISTANCHOLAYLA RUMBO
UNIVERSIDAD PEDAGOGICA Y TECNOLOGICA DE COLOMBIA
SOGAMOSO2015-II
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LABORATORIO MECANICA DE ROCAS ANALISIS DISCONTINUIDADES MACIZO ROCOSO
ANDREA DEL PILAR PEDRAZAJULIO LEONARDO ESPITIA VARGAS
LILIANA TRISTANCHOLAYLA RUMBO
Presen!"# !$ ING%EL&IN PALACIOS
UNIVERSIDAD PEDAGOGICA Y TECNOLOGICA DE COLOMBIA
SOGAMOSO2015-II
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INTRODUCCI'N
Es ()*#r!ne +! ,!r!,er(!,(.n "e+ )!,(# r#,#s# ,#n e+ /(n "e n (nen# "e
"es,r(*,(.n "e+ )#"# en e +! r#,! se ,#)*#r!r en s ,#n"(,(.n "e )!er(!+*!r! +! (n3en(er4!% C#)# !+ +! ,!r!,er(!,(.n "e6e (n,#r*#r!r n# s#+# +!s*r#*(e"!"es /4s(,!s "e+ re! 6!7# ,#ns("er!,(.n s(n# !)6(8n +! es,!+! +!s,#n"(,(#nes "e ,!r3! 9 +#s )#"#s "e /!++! ! +#s e e+ "(se:# se ;ere
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OBJETIVOS
Deer)(n!r +!s *r#*(e"!"es "e n )!,(# r#,#s#
C#n#,er +! "(s,#n(n("!"es 9 =!,er n res*e,(;# !n+(s(s%
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1% MARCO TEORICO
B!7# "eer)(n!"!s ,#n"(,(#nes "e es/er# +#s ,er*#s r#)*en "enr# "e +!r!)! /r3(+ e ()*+(,! n! *8r"("! "e ,#=es(.n% Es#s *+!n#s "#n"e se
*r#",e +! *8r"("! "e ,#=es(.n se "en#)(n!n /r!,r!s% Se "(s(n3en "#s(*#s "e /r!,r!s en /n,(.n "e+ )#;()(en# "e +#s 6+#es ! !)6#s +!"#s "e+! /r!,r!%
• >!++!s$ s( e+ "es*+!!)(en# es *!r!+e+# !+ *+!n# "e /r!,r!%
• D(!,+!s!s$ s( +! ,#)*#nene *r(n,(*!+ n# es *!r!+e+! !+ *+!n# "e /r!,r!# 6(en es *er*en"(,+!r ?!*err! "e +! /r!,r!@ # 6(en n# =!9)#;()(en#%
T!)6(8n *e"en =!6er /!++!s e es8n !6(er!s *er# s ,#)*#nene *r(n,(*!+se! *!r!+e+! ! +! /r!,r! 9 !)6(8n "(!,+!s!s e se )e;en *!r!+e+!)ene*er# +! ,#)*#nene *r(n,(*!+ es +! "e !*err!%
1%1% A3r*!,(#nes "e "(!,+!s!s
Se3n T(ss M##re ?2000@ +!s "(!,+!s!s se !3r*!n en$
Je3# "e "(!,+!s!s ?se@$ ,#n7n# "e "(!,+!s!s *!r!+e+!s enre s4%
S(se)! "e "(!,+!s!s ?s9se)@$ ,#n7n# "e "(!,+!s!s e !/e,!n ! #"# e+)!,(# r#,#s# # ! n! re3(.n%
1%2% CLASI>ICACI'N DE LAS DIACLASASBs(,!)ene +!s "(!,+!s!s se ,+!s(/(,!n se3n "#s ,r(er(#s$Ge#)er4!G8nes(s
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σ1
• C+!s(/(,!,(.n 3e#)8r(,!
Se "(s(n3en "#s (*#s se3n s 3e#)er4!$
N# s(se)(,!s$ s#n )en#s *+!n!res e +!s s(se)(,!s (enen n! "(sr(6,(.nes*!,(!+ (rre3+!r ?n# *resen!n n(n3n *!r.n # 8se es (rre3+!r@ n# s#n *!r!+e+!s !#r!s "(!,+!s!s ;e,(n!s 9 *e"en er)(n!r ,#nr! #r!s "(!,+!s!s e +!s r#"e!n%
S(se)(,!s$ s#n !e++#s 3r*#s "e "(!,+!s!s e s#n *!r!+e+!s # s6*!r!+e+!s n!s !#r!s 9 )!n(enen n es*!,(!"# !*r#
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L(3!"!s ! *+(e3es
Dr!ne +! 38nes(s "e +#s *+(e3es se+en !*!re,er 7e3#s "e "(!,+!s!s% Se re,rre! n s(se)! ,##r"en!"# "e res e7es *!r! s !n+(s(s%
E7e 6 es *!r!+e+# !+ e7e "e+ *+(e3eE7e ! es *er*en"(,+!r !+ e7e "e+ *+(e3e 9 !"e)s es ,#nen("# en +! s*er/(,(e*+e3!"!%E7e , es *er*en"(,+!r ! +#s "#s !ner(#res 9 *er*en"(,+!r ! +! s*er/(,(e *+e3!"!%L#s e7es ! 6 9 , ,!)6(!n "e "(re,,(.n en e+ es*!,(# se3n +! *#s(,(.n "e+ *+(e3e
"#n"e n#s en,#nre)#s%D(!,+!s!s 3ener!"!s$
?Tr!ns;ers!s@$ /#r)!n 7e3#s% S#n /r!,r!s,#nen("!s en e+ *+!n# !-, *er*en"(,+!res !+ e7e "e+*+(e3e 9 *er*en"(,+!res ! +! s*er/(,(e *+e3!"!%
L ?Be""(n3 7#(ns # "(!,+!s!s "e esr!(/(,!,(.n@$ n#/#r)!n 7e3#s *#re !+ ser *!r!+e+#s ! +! s*er/(,(een ,!"! #n! "e+ *+(e3e en"rn n! #r(en!,(.n%Esn ,#nen("!s en e+ *+!n# !-6 *!r!+e+# ! +!s*er/(,(e *+e3!"!%
S ?L#n3("(n!+es@$ N# /#r)!n 7e3#s *#re en ,!"! /+!n,# (enen n! #r(en!,(.n%Esn ,#nen("!s en e+ *+!n# 6-, 9 s#n *er*en"(,+!res ! +! s*er/(,(e *+e3!"! 9*!r!+e+!s !+ e7e "e+ *+(e3e% En +! #n! "e ,=!rne+! s#n *!r!+e+!s !+ *+!n# !
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Tens(#n!+es
Pe"en ser "e6("!s !$
• es/er#s e,.n(,#s *er*en"(,+!res !F re3(#n!+es%
Es/er# ens(#n!+ +#,!+ *r#",("# *#r n ,!)6(# "e ;#+)en% E+ ,!s#s$
,!)6(# "e ;#+)en *r#",e/r!,r!s% Pe"e "!rse en res
-C!)6(# "e ;#+)en *#r en/r(!)(en#$ r#,!s43ne!s se en/r4!n )9 r*("!)ene *r#;#,!n"#
/r!,r!s% E7e)*+#$ "(s9n,(#nes ,#+)n!res%
Dese,!,(.n$ r#,! =)e"! e !+ "ese,!rse *(er"e ;#+)en es "e,(r se /r!,r!%E7e)*+#$ !r,(++!s ?3r(e!s "e "ese,!,(.n@%
-Des,#)*res(.n$ *8r"("! "e *res(.n e #r(3(n!n /r!,r!s s(3(en"# n *!r.n
*!r!+e+# ! +! s*er/(,(e #*#3r/(,!%
-De ,(!++!$ S#+# *e"en 3ener!rse *#r es/er#s e,.n(,#s ?#6+(,#s ! F@% E+)#;()(en# es *!r!+e+# ! +! "(!,+!s! *er# 8se es )9 *ee:#%
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1%% APLICACIONES DEL ESTUDIO DE LAS DIACLASAS%
CARACTERKSTICAS GEOMECNICAS
L! *resen,(! "e "(!,+!s!s (n/+9e en$
A,)+!,(.n,(r,+!,(.n "e /+("#s$ r#,!s ()*er)e!6+es *e"en!,)+!r /+("#s ?!,4/er#s@%
Pr#*(e"!"es )e,n(,!s "e +#s )!,(#s r#,#s#s$ ,!+(er "(s,#n(n("!",#n"(,(#n! e+ ,#)*#r!)(en# 3e# )e,n(,# "e +#s )!,(#s r#,#s#s%
Gr!"# "e /r!,r!,(.n !/e,! ! +! es!6(+("!" "e n )!,(# 9 *#r +# !n# =!9 e,!r!,er(!r +!s "(!,+!s!s *!r! e+ es"(# "e+ )(s)#%
C!r!,er(!,(.n 3e#8,n(,!$
Res(sen,(! !+ ,#re$ es +! re+!,(.n e e
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L! #r(en!,(.n "e +!s "(s,#n(n("!"es ,#n res*e,# ! +!s esr,r!s #6r!s "e(n3en(er4! ,#n"(,(#n! +! *resen,(! "e (nes!6(+("!"es 9 r#r!s ! s /!;#r%
Es !,#nse7!6+e )e"(r n n)er# s/(,(ene "e #r(en!,(#nes "e "(!,+!s!s *!r!"e/(n(r !"e,!"!)ene ,!"! /!)(+(!% E+ n)er# "e )e"("!s "e*en"er "e +!"()ens(.n "e +! #n! es"(!"! "e +! !+e!#r(e"!" "e +!s #r(en!,(#nes "e +#s*+!n#s 9 "e+ "e!++e "e+ !n+(s(s%
L! re*resen!,(.n 3r/(,! "e +! #r(en!,(.n "e +!s "(/erenes /!)(+(!s "e "(!,+!s!s*e"e re!+(!rse )e"(!ne$
Pr#9e,,(.n esere#3r/(,! ?/!+s(++! # Sere#ne@Re*resen!n"# +#s *#+#s # *+!n#s ,#n +#s ;!+#res )e"(#s "e +!s "(/erenes/!)(+(!s en /!+s(++! 3ener!n"# "(!3r!)!s "e ,#n#rn#%
D(!3r!)!s "e r#s!s e *er)(en re*resen!r n 3r!n n)er# "e )e"("!s "e#r(en!,(.n "e /#r)! ,!n(!(;!%
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D(!3r!)! "e 6+#es *er)((en"# n! ;(s(.n 3ener!+ "e +!s /!)(+(!s 9 ss#r(en!,(#nes res*e,(;!s%
S4)6#+#s en )!*!s 3e#+.3(,#s e (n"(,!n +#s ;!+#res )e"(#s "e "(re,,(.n 9 +!"(re,,(.n 9 ;!+#r "e+ 6!)(en# *!r! +#s "(/erenes (*#s "e "(!,+!s!s?"(s,#n(n("!"es@%
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Es*!,(!"#
Es +! se*!r!,(.n e e
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C#n(n("!"
Es +! e
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ISMR ?11@ B!r#n C=#6e9 ?1QQ@
E
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re3+!res +! "(s!n,(! enre +! re3+! 9 +! s*er/(,(e "e +! "(s,#n(n("!"% En #,!s(#nes se(+(! e+ *er/(+.)er# *!r! =!++!r e+ ,#e/(,(ene "e r3#s("!" ,#n )!9#r *re,(s(.n% L#sres+!"#s #6en("#s se e
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A6err!
Es +! "(s!n,(! *er*en"(,+!r e se*!r! +!s *!re"es "e +! "(s,#n(n("!" ,!n"# n#e
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>(+r!,(#nes
Presen,(! # n# "e /+("#s en e+ (ner(#r "e+ )!,(# r#,#s# es "e,(r ,(r,+!,(.n # n# "e+#s /+("#s ,#n e+ )(s)#% Se "es,r(6en$
1%% >ORMAS DE ANALISIS
• H(s#3r!)!
D(!3r!)!s Y en +#s ,!+es se re*resen! en e+ e7e Y e+ n)er# "e "!#s 9 en e+ +#s"!#s !3r*!"#s en (ner;!+#s "e "(re,,(#nes ?#r(en!,(.n@% N# se *r#",e +! "(s#rs(.n*#r !)en# "e re!%
S( ;(8r!)#s n *+!n# "e "(re,,(.n N100E !+ re*resen!r s#+!)ene "e 0E ! 08se *!s!r4! ! ser N00
• Pr#)e"(#s ,#nse,(;#s
Es n! ;!r(!ne "e +#s )8#"#s !ner(#res% Per)(e !/(n!r +#s "!#s "e+ "(!3r!)! "er#s!s 9 "e+ =(s#3r!)!% L# e se =!,e es *r#)e"(!r +#s (ner;!+#s "e 10 3r!"#s en(ner;!+#s "e 1 3r!"#%Pr#)e"(# n(ner;!+#N#!+
S(en"#$ n(ner;!+# n)er# "e ;!+#res en e+ (ner;!+# N#! + n)er# "e ;!+#res #!+%
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• D(!3r!)! e(!re!+
L! *r#9e,,(.n esere#3r/(,! n#s )!n(ene +!s re+!,(#nes !n3+!res n# !s4 +!sre!+es% P!r! e;(!r es# (+(!)#s +! /!+s(++! "e S,=)(" e /n,(#n! ,#)# +! "e+/ *er# )!nen(en"# +#s re!s 9 n3+#s%
U(+(!)#s #r# (*# "e *r#9e,,(.n ?)(s)# /n,(#n!)(en# e +! *r#9e,,(.nesere#3r/(,!@ *er# ,#nr!4"# "e #r! )!ner! *!r! )!nener +! re+!,(.n re!+% Dees! /#r)! +! "(s!n,(! enre *n#s se )!n(ene s( /#r)!n e+ )(s)# n3+# 9 *!r!e++# !3r*!)#s +!s "(s!n,(!s% Un! ;e !3r*!"#s se ,#nsr9en +#s "(!3r!)!s
re*resen!n"# +#s *#+#s "e +#s *+!n#s 9"e+()(!n"# +#s *n#s ,#n +! )(s)!,#n,enr!,(.n%
N# se re*resen!n +#s ,(,+#s 3r/(,#s "e +#s*+!n#s 9! e s( ene)#s ),=#s "!#s n# se
!*re,(! n!"! ,#n +! )+(" "e +4ne!s% De ese)#"# +# e se =!,e es re*resen!r+#s *#r s*#+# # *#r s +4ne! "e )
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@ C#n!)#s +#s *n#s e e
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Representamos los polos
,en!n res ;e,es *#r ser ,#)nes ! ;!r(#s =e
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E+ )s ()*#r!ne es e+ "e 50 *#re (ene )!9#r +#n3(" !s4 e e+ "(!3r!)! "e,#n#rn# n# es ;+("# *#re n# ,#ns("er! +! +#n3("% P#r e++# se (+(!n +!s3r/(,!s "e +#n3(" !,)+!"! ,#nr! "(re,,(.n%
D(!3r!)!s "e "(re,,(.n ;s "(s!n,(! ! +# +!r3# "e n r!nse*#
Se (+(!n ,!n"# ene)#s en n !/+#r!)(en# ?)!*! !+"@ n! ;!r(!,(.n "e +!s#r(en!,(#nes "e +!s "(!,+!s!s s(3(en"# n *!r.n "eer)(n!"#% Se #6(ene n!"(sr(6,(.n es*!,(!+ "e +!s "(!,+!s!s%
L!s "(!,+!s!s ;!n 3(r!n"#
B!n"! "e s#+!*e
B!n"! "e s#+!*eC#)# =!9 n ,!)6(# 3r!"!+en e+ 3(r# n# =!9 s#+!*e +!"(re,,(.n ;! 3(r!n"# n *#,#%
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2% RESULTADOS ANALISIS
E+ r!6!7# "e ,!)*# se re!+(. en e+ )n(,(*(# "e T(6!s#s! en +! ;4! e ,#n",e "eS#3!)#s# ! D(!)!% L! #n! *resen! n! 3e#+#34!$
De*.s(#s C!ern!r(#s ?@ ?1% ! 0 )(++#nes "e !:#s@$ C#)*ren"en)!er(!+es *#,# ,#ns#+("!"#s "e #r(3en !+;(!+ re,(ene ,#+;(!+ ,#+;(#-!+;(!+ !+;(!+ !n(3# 9 /+;(#-+!,sre% Se en,enr!n "(s,#r"!ne)enes#6re +!s r#,!s "e +!s >#r)!,(#nes (n/r!9!,enes%
M!er(!+es !ren#s#s ,!n#s 9 3r!;!s "e !ren(s,! re"#n"e!"#s ! s6re"#n"e!"#s e)6e6("#s en )!r( !ren#-!r,(++#s! e ,#n/#r)!n nesre,=# ;!++e !+ #,,("ene "e+ Mn(,(*(# ?;ere"! Eser(++!+@ =!n s("#
!*#r!"#s *#r +#s ,!,es "e +!s e6r!"!s L! L!7! Ven!n!s C=#rr#C#+#r!"# P## Ne3r# L! Nr(! E+ C!()n A3! 6+!n,! 9 #r# ,!,e+#,!+(!"# !+ #,,("ene "e+ +()#% L! #*#3r!/4! *+!n! +! 3ener!,(.n "ese+#s *r#/n"#s 9 +! r(e! =4"r(,! "e 8se ;!++e =!n /!;#re,("# +!s +!6#res!3r#*e,!r(!s 9 +#s !sen!)(en#s =)!n#s%
>#r)!,(#nes Cre,e!s ?&@ ?11 ] 5 )(++#nes "e !:#s@$ Un("!"es r#,#s!s,#ns#+("!"!s e ,#n/#r)!n +#s ,err#s 9 +#)!s !"9!,enes !+ ;!++e =!n s("#!3r*!"!s en "#s >#r)!,(#nes$ Une 9 T(6!s#s! +! se3n"! "(;("("! en,!r# )(e)6r#s se3n es"(#s "e!++!"#s e se =!n re!+(!"# "!"! s()*#r!n,(! e,#n.)(,! ?*resen,(! "e ()*#r!nes )!n#s "e ,!+(!@%
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>#r)!,(#nes "e e"!" C!r6#n4/er!% ?C@ ?Q-20 )(++#nes "e !:#s@$ A 8s!e"!" ,#rres*#n"e en e+ Mn(,(*(# "e T(6!s#s! +! >#r)!,(.n C,=e ere*resen! +!s r#,!s )s !n(3!s "e +! se,en,(! +(#+.3(,! !/+#r!ne sere,#n#,e s*er/(,(!+)ene *#r e+ ,#+#r r#7(# "e +#s erren#s e ,#ns(9e%Es! >#r)!,(.n ,#n/#r)! *!re "e +#s ,err#s "e +!s ;ere"!s B#9er! L!sVe+!s 9 E+ C=#rr(#%
DATOS GENERALES$
^ A+r! "e+ 6+#e 25 )% !*r#
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% CONCLUISIONES
E+ !n+(s(s *er)(e enen"er e+ !s*e,#s ()*#r!nes "e+ )!,(# r#,#s#*!r! e+ ,+,+# "e !+"es 9 "e )s #6r!s (n3en(er(+es%
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% BIBLIOGRA>IA
/(+e$C$UsersSAMSUNGD#n+#!"s2125-An!+(s(s-D(s,#n(n("!"es-D(*s%*"/
=*$%(6!s#s!-6#9!,!%3#;%,#!*,-!!-/(+es0225Q1155QPLAN_AMBIENTAL%*"/
Fundamentos de la Mecánica de Suelos - TOMO 1 de Juárez Badillo yRodríguez
http://c/Users/SAMSUNG/Downloads/212593838-Analisis-Discontinuidades-Dips.pdfhttp://c/Users/SAMSUNG/Downloads/212593838-Analisis-Discontinuidades-Dips.pdfhttp://www.tibasosa-boyaca.gov.co/apc-aa-files/30666262643835373161353666666537/PLAN_AMBIENTAL.pdfhttp://www.tibasosa-boyaca.gov.co/apc-aa-files/30666262643835373161353666666537/PLAN_AMBIENTAL.pdfhttp://www.tibasosa-boyaca.gov.co/apc-aa-files/30666262643835373161353666666537/PLAN_AMBIENTAL.pdfhttp://www.tibasosa-boyaca.gov.co/apc-aa-files/30666262643835373161353666666537/PLAN_AMBIENTAL.pdfhttp://c/Users/SAMSUNG/Downloads/212593838-Analisis-Discontinuidades-Dips.pdfhttp://c/Users/SAMSUNG/Downloads/212593838-Analisis-Discontinuidades-Dips.pdf