VERMELHOS Red Y ears - macaumuseum.gov.mo · Uma funcionária de Yan’an estava a fazer fiação...
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Zheng Jingkang (1904–1978) was one of the first generation expert photographers of new China. With an ancestral home at Yong Mo village in Xiangshan county, Zheng’s original name was Zheng Runxin. The Zheng’s family had been living in Macao for generations. Zheng Jingkang had studied in Shanghai in his boyhood. In 1929 he opened the “Jing Kang photography studio” in Hong Kong, engaging specially in human figure photography. After the outburst of the Resistance War, Zheng gave up resolutely a rich life in Hong Kong and Macao at the beginning of 1938, and returned to the Mainland to join the nation-saving theatric acts and propaganda work against the Japanese invasion to China. In 1940, he went to the operation base of the Resistance War, Capital Yanan of Northern Shanxi, under the arrangements of Zhou Enlai, the Vice-President of the Central Committee of CPC. From January 1941 to November 1945, Zheng worked in the Chief Department of Political Propaganda in the Eighth Route Army and in the United Political Propaganda Department as a reporter and photographer. In May 1942, the Communist Party of China opened at Yanan a forum on literature and arts, Chairman Mao Zedong, being the Chairman of the forum, had made an important speech. Zheng Jingkang was the only representative photographer to participate in the Yanan Forum. In the wartime years, with Zheng’s suggestions and under his guidance, training classes were set up many times for photographers. He compiled the teaching materials himself, overcoming disadvantages in the photographic equipment shortage as well as the difficulties in the teaching conditions and so on, and provided many photojournalists for the Communist Party of China and the People’s Army. Zheng Jingkang was extremely dedicated to his work as an artistic and exquisite master photographer. In the 1949 founding ceremony and until today, the enlarged portrait of Chairman Mao Zedong hanging at the Tianan- men gate tower was taken by him. From the wartime to the peace years, Zheng Jingkang had created a really abundant collection of photographs. He had left with us a volume of precious visual materials of the Chinese history. His work is priceless treasure in the photography history of China. Zheng Jingkang was the fourth son of initiative thinker Zheng Guanying, the author of “Words of Warning in Times of Prosperity”. The father and son were celebrities in Macao’s historical culture of the 19th and 20th centuries. They were models of “patriot of Macao”. After the “Words of Warning in Times of Prosperity — The Legacy of Zheng Guanying” Exhibition being successfully held by the Macao Museum last year, the Macao Museum now presents the “Red Years — Exhibition of Photographs by Zheng Jingkang” to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China and the tenth of Macao Special Administrative Region, having its multiple significances in history and reality. This is also the latest research achievement of local history. VERMELHOS O S A N O S R e d Y e a r s E x p o s i ç ã o d e F o t o g r a f i a s p o r Zheng Jingkang E x h i b i t i o n o f P h o t o g r a p h s b y www.icm.gov.mo www.macaumuseum.gov.mo 澳門博物館前地112號 Praceta do Museu de Macau, n.º 112 電話 Tel: (853) 2835 7911 傳真 Fax: (853) 2835 8503 澳門博物館提供本專題展覽及 全館導賞服務。 O Museu de Macau oferece visitas guiadas às exposições temporárias e ao Museu em geral. Macao Museum provides guided tour to temporary and permanent exhibitions. 2 0 0 9 2 0 1 0 11 | 12 . 21 03 . 澳門博物館 Macao Museum Museu de Macau 每日上午十時至下午六時 逢星期一休館 10:00 to 18:00, except Mondays 10h00 às 18h00, excepto às segundas-feiras Photo courtesy of Xinhua News Agency Information Center Photo courtesy of Xinhua News Agency Information Center The imperial concubine Yang in Chinese classical musical “Guifei zuijiu” (Intoxicated Imperial Concubine), played by Du Jinfang 1950s Photo courtesy of Xinhua News Agency Information Center Photo courtesy of Xinhua News Agency Information Center 1950s Female cadres in Yanan spinning yarns Soong Ching-Ling (1893-1981) Foto fornecida pelo Centro de Informações e Notícias da Agência de Notícias Xinhua Uma funcionária de Yan’an estava a fazer fiação Foto fornecida pelo Centro de Informações e Notícias da Agência de Notícias Xinhua Qi Baishi (1864 - 1957) Foto fornecida pelo Centro de Informações e Notícias da Agência de Notícias Xinhua 1955 Foto fornecida pelo Centro de Informações e Notícias da Agência de Notícias Xinhua Du Jinfang interpretou a Dama Yang Guifei na ópera clássica chinesa “Dama Yang Bêbeda” Década de 1950 1942 Década de 1950 宋慶齡（1893－1981） 新華社新聞資訊中心提供 延安女幹部在紡線 新華社新聞資訊中心提供 齊白石（1864-1957） 新華社新聞資訊中心提供 新華社新聞資訊中心提供 中國古典歌舞劇《貴妃醉酒》中 的楊貴妃，杜近芳飾 二十世紀五十年代 二十世紀五十年代
Transcript of VERMELHOS Red Y ears - macaumuseum.gov.mo · Uma funcionária de Yan’an estava a fazer fiação...
Zheng Jingkang (1904–1978) was one of the first generation expert photographers of new China.
With an ancestral home at Yong Mo village in Xiangshan county, Zheng’s original name was Zheng Runxin. The Zheng’s family had been living in Macao for generations. Zheng Jingkang had studied in Shanghai in his boyhood. In 1929 he opened the “Jing Kang photography studio” in Hong Kong, engaging specially in human figure photography.
After the outburst of the Resistance War, Zheng gave up resolutely a rich life in Hong Kong and Macao at the beginning of 1938, and returned to the Mainland to join the nation-saving theatric acts and propaganda work against the Japanese invasion to China. In 1940, he went to the operation base of the Resistance War, Capital Yanan of Northern Shanxi, under the arrangements of Zhou Enlai, the Vice-President of the Central Committee of CPC. From January 1941 to November 1945, Zheng worked in the Chief Department of Political Propaganda in the Eighth Route Army and in the United Political Propaganda Department as a reporter and photographer.
In May 1942, the Communist Party of China opened at Yanan a forum on literature and arts, Chairman Mao Zedong, being the Chairman of the forum, had made an important speech. Zheng Jingkang was the only representative photographer to participate in the Yanan Forum.
In the wartime years, with Zheng’s suggestions and under his guidance, training classes were set up many times for photographers. He compiled the teaching materials himself, overcoming disadvantages in the photographic equipment shortage as well as the difficulties in the teaching conditions and so on, and provided many photojournalists for the Communist Party of China and the People’s Army.
Zheng Jingkang was extremely dedicated to his work as an artistic and exquisite master photographer. In the 1949 founding ceremony and until today, the enlarged portrait of Chairman Mao Zedong hanging at the Tianan-men gate tower was taken by him. From the wartime to the peace years, Zheng Jingkang had created a really abundant collection of photographs. He had left with us a volume of precious visual materials of the Chinese history. His work is priceless treasure in the photography history of China.
Zheng Jingkang was the fourth son of initiative thinker Zheng Guanying, the author of “Words of Warning in Times of Prosperity”. The father and son were celebrities in Macao’s historical culture of the 19th and 20th centuries. They were models of “patriot of Macao”. After the “Words of Warning in Times of Prosperity — The Legacy of Zheng Guanying” Exhibition being successfully held by the Macao Museum last year, the Macao Museum now presents the “Red Years — Exhibition of Photographs by Zheng Jingkang” to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China and the tenth of Macao Special Administrative Region, having its multiple significances in history and reality. This is also the latest research achievement of local history.
VERMELHOSO S A N O SR e d Y e a r s
E x p o s i ç ã o d e F o t o g r a f i a s p o r
Zheng JingkangE x h i b i t i o n o f P h o t o g r a p h s b y
www.icm.gov.mo www.macaumuseum.gov.mo
澳門博物館前地112號Praceta do Museu de Macau, n.º 112電話 Tel: (853) 2835 7911傳真 Fax: (853) 2835 8503
澳門博物館提供本專題展覽及全館導賞服務。
O Museu de Macau oferece visitas guiadas às exposições temporárias e ao Museu em geral.
Macao Museum provides guided tour to temporary and permanent exhibitions.
2009
2010
11
|12
.
21
03.
澳門博物館
Macao MuseumMuseu de Macau
每日上午十時至下午六時逢星期一休館
10:00 to 18:00,except Mondays
10h00 às 18h00,excepto às segundas-feiras
Photo courtesy of Xinhua News Agency Information Center
Photo courtesy of Xinhua News Agency Information Center
The imperial concubine Yang in Chinese classical musical “Guifei zuijiu” (Intoxicated Imperial Concubine), played by Du Jinfang
1950s
Photo courtesy of Xinhua News Agency Information Center
Photo courtesy of Xinhua News Agency Information Center
1950sFemale cadres in Yanan spinning yarns
Soong Ching-Ling (1893-1981)
Foto fornecida pelo Centro de Informações e Notícias da Agência de Notícias Xinhua
Uma funcionária de Yan’an estava a fazer fiação
Foto fornecida pelo Centro de Informações e Notícias da Agência de Notícias Xinhua
Qi Baishi (1864 - 1957)
Foto fornecida pelo Centro de Informações e Notícias da Agência de Notícias Xinhua
1955
Foto fornecida pelo Centro de Informações e Notícias da Agência de Notícias Xinhua
Du Jinfang interpretou a Dama Yang Guifei na ópera clássica chinesa “Dama Yang Bêbeda”
Década de 1950
1942
Década de 1950
宋慶齡（1893－1981）
新華社新聞資訊中心提供
延安女幹部在紡線
新華社新聞資訊中心提供
齊白石（1864-1957）
新華社新聞資訊中心提供
新華社新聞資訊中心提供
中國古典歌舞劇《貴妃醉酒》中的楊貴妃，杜近芳飾
二十世紀五十年代
二十世紀五十年代
Zheng Jingkang (1904 –1978) era fotógrafo profissional da 1ª geração da Nova China.
Zheng Jingkang, com nome original Zheng Runxin, era natural da Vila Yongmo do Distrito Xiangshan. Toda a família Zheng vivia sempre em Macau. Zheng Jingkang foi estudar em Xangai. Em 1929, abriu em Hong Kong o “Estúdio Fotográfico Jingkang” especializado em retratos.
Tendo começado a Guerra Sino-Japonesa, no início de 1938, Zheng Jingkang retirou-se resolutamente da sua vida qualitativa e rica em Hong Kong e em Macau, regressando para o Continente a fim de se dedicar a actividades promotoras de literatura e arte patrióticas e a acções contra a invasão japonesa. Em 1940, recomendado pelo Vice-Presidente do Comité Central do Partido Comunista da China Zhou Enlai, Zheng Jingkang foi para Yan’an que então era a cidade principal no norte de Shanxi e também a base de apoio para acções contra a invasão japonesa. Entre Janeiro de 1941 e Novembro de 1945, Zheng Jingkang foi jornalista e fotógrafo na Secção de Propaganda do Departamento da Política Geral e na Secção de Promoção da Política Conjunta do Oitavo Exército.
Em Maio de 1942, o Partido Comunista da China realizou em Yan’an um fórum sobre literatura e arte. Mao Zedong presidiu o fórum no qual ele fez um discurso importante. Zheng Jingkang participou como o único representante do sector fotográfico.
Durante os anos da Guerra, sob sugestões e orientações de Zheng Jingkang, realizaram-se vários cursos de formação em fotografia. Ele próprio escreveu e compilou materiais, superando as dificuldades de escassas condições de equipamentos fotográficos e de materiais didácticos,
assim, conseguindo formar grupos de jornalistas e fotógrafos para o Exército Popular e o Partido Comunista da China.
Zheng Jingkang é um mestre fotógrafo com grande dedicação à sua profissão. A imagem estandardizada do Presidente Mao utilizada na cerimónia da Implantação Nacional em 1949 e o retrato gigante do mesmo que se encontra pendurado na Tribuna de Tiananmen eram versões ampliadas das fotos tiradas por Zheng Jingkang. Dos Anos de guerra aos Anos de paz, Zheng Jingkang era um fotógrafo de grandes produções, deixando para a história chinesa um grande número de valiosas informações visuais. As suas obras são tesouros inestimáveis para a história da fotografia chinesa.
Zheng Jingkang é o 4º filho do Zheng Guanying – pensador iluminista e autor das “Advertências em Tempos de Prosperidade”. Ambos, o pai e o filho, eram grandes figuras na história e cultura dos séculos XIX e XX de Macau. Eles eram patriotas exemplares de “amor pelo país e por Macau”. No ano passado, o Museu de Macau realizou, com grande sucesso, a exibição de “Advertências em Tempos de Prosperidade – O Legado de Zheng Guanying". Dando a continuação, na altura em que se celebram o 60º aniversário da implantação da República Popular da China e o 10º aniversário do estabelecimento da Região Administrativa Especial de Macau, a realização da exposição titulada de “Os Anos Vermelhos - Exposição de Fotografias por Zheng Jingkang” pelo Museu de Macau, tem, de facto, múltipla significação histórica, prática e recente resultado na investigação da história local.
鄭景康(1904─1978)是新中國的第一代專業攝影家。
鄭景康原名鄭潤鑫，祖籍香山縣雍陌鄉，而鄭氏家族則世居
澳門。鄭景康少年時代在上海求學，1929年在香港開設“景康攝
影室”，專門從事人像攝影。
抗日戰爭爆發後，1938年初，鄭景康毅然放棄了在港澳優裕
的生活，回內地投身抗日救國文藝宣傳工作。1940年經中共中央
副主席周恩來的安排赴陝北抗日根據地延安。自1941年1月至
1945年11月，鄭景康先後在八路軍總政治部宣傳部和聯政宣傳部
任記者、攝影師。
1942年5月，中國共產黨在延安召開文藝座談會，毛澤東主
席主持了會議，並發表了重要講話。鄭景康是參加延安文藝座談
會的攝影界唯一代表。
在戰爭年代，在鄭景康的建議和指導下，開辦了多期攝影訓
練班，他親自編寫教材，克服了攝影器材缺乏，教學條件艱苦
等困難，為中國共產黨和人民軍隊培養了許多攝影記者。
鄭景康是一位事業心強、藝術精湛的攝影大師，
1949年開國大典和目前天安門城樓上懸掛的毛澤東主
席標準像，均根據鄭景康拍攝的照片放大繪製而成。
從戰爭年代到和平歲月，鄭景康一生攝影作品甚
豐，他為中國歷史留下了大量珍貴的影像
資料，他的作品是中國攝影史上的重要瑰
寶。
鄭景康是《盛世危言》作者、啟蒙思
想家鄭觀應的第四個兒子，鄭觀應、鄭景
康父子是澳門十九至二十世紀的歷史文化
名人，他們是“愛國愛澳”的優秀典範。
去年澳門博物館成功舉辦了
《盛世危言──鄭觀應文
物展》之後，在中華人民
共和國成立六十週年和澳
門特別行政區成立十週
年之際，澳門博物館舉辦
《紅色歲月──鄭景康
攝影展》具有歷史
和現實的重要意
義，也是本土歷
史研究的最新成
果。
A bust portrait of Mao Zedong, with his own inscription “In celebration of the birth of the People’s Republic of China”
Photo courtesy of National Museum of ChinaPhoto courtesy of Xinhua News Agency Information Center
Photo courtesy of Xinhua News Agency Information Center
Red silk dance
Photo courtesy of Xinhua News Agency Information Center
Ruined and orphaned
The yangge opera (a rural form of theatre) “Brother and Sister to Open Up Wasteland”
Mao Zedong
1940s
Mao Zedong and Zhu De
1940s
Collection of the Macao MuseumDonated by Mr. Zheng Kelu
Collection of the Macao MuseumDonated by Mr. Zheng Kelu
Foto do tipo passe de Mao Zedong, com a dedicatória de “Celebração da Implantação da República Popular da China”.
1949
Colecção do Museu Nacional da China
Dança de fitas de seda vermelha
1955
Foto fornecida pelo Centro de Informações e Notícias da Agência de Notícias Xinhua
Vagabunda refugiando-se
1938
Foto fornecida pelo Centro de Informações e Notícias da Agência de Notícias Xinhua
1943
Foto fornecida pelo Centro de Informações e Notícias da Agência de Notícias Xinhua
Década de 1940
Foto de Mao Zedong
Instituto de Literatura e Arte Lu Xun de Yan’an. Representaram a dança folclórica “Exploração de terreno baldio por um irmão e uma irmã”
Foto de Mao Zedong com Zhude e outros
Década de 1940
Colecção do Museu de MacauDoada por Zheng Kelu
Colecção do Museu de MacauDoada por Zheng Kelu
毛澤東題“慶祝中華人民共和國誕生”半身照
中國國家博物館藏品
紅綢舞
新華社新聞資訊中心提供
家破人亡流離失所
新華社新聞資訊中心提供
新華社新聞資訊中心提供
秧歌劇《兄妹開荒》毛澤東與朱德等
二十世紀四十年代
澳門博物館藏鄭克魯先生捐贈
澳門博物館藏鄭克魯先生捐贈
毛澤東
二十世紀四十年代
