TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M....

47
The The QCD QCD Phase Phase Diagram Diagram Marcus Benghi Pinto, Department of Physics Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis, SC - Brazil

Transcript of TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M....

Page 1: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

TheThe QCD QCD PhasePhaseDiagramDiagram

Marcus Benghi Pinto, Department of PhysicsUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina

Florianópolis, SC - Brazil

Page 2: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Força Nuclear Força Nuclear Forte (Rutherford):Forte (Rutherford):

Minha experiência sugere que o átomo é composto por um núcleonúcleo positivo extremamente massivo em tornodo qual os elétrons orbitam. O núcleo possui partículas comcarga elétrica positiva (protons: p) e zero (neutrons: n). No futuro n e p serão chamados nucleonsnucleons.

OO problemaproblema: no curso de Física Geral III aprendi que cargas deOO problemaproblema: no curso de Física Geral III aprendi que cargas demesmomesmo sinalsinal se repelem!! Como explicar a estabilidadeestabilidade donúcleo? Sugiro a existência de outro tipo de interação, capaz devencer a repulsão elétrica mas só na região bem pequena(~10-15 m) que caracteriza o núcleo.Agora vejo que aquilo que chamei de partícula α é na verdadeum núcleo de He.

1919: nasce a Física Nuclear com sua interação forte.1919: nasce a Física Nuclear com sua interação forte.

Page 3: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

����

Hideki Hideki YukawaYukawa, Nobel 1949, Nobel 1949

N

π1934: 1934: nucleonsnucleons ((fermionsfermions de massa ~ 1GeV) de massa ~ 1GeV) interagem através da troca de interagem através da troca de mésonsmésons ππ (bósons de massa ~ 0.14 GeV)(bósons de massa ~ 0.14 GeV)

1947: 1947: mésonsmésons ππ detectados detectados por por OcchialiniOcchialini, , PowelPowel & & LattesLattes N+N àààà N+N

N

π

k

N Nπ

Page 4: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

2) As Partículas Elementares

HADRONS: NuclearForte + ENERGIA

DISTÂNCIA

HADRONS: NuclearForte + Fraca + EM

Meson (quark-antiquark)

Barions: 3quarks

LEPTONS:Fraca+EM

Page 5: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

3) Teorias de Calibre: QED, QCD & QFD

Eletrodinâmica Quântica: QED (Teoria Quântica para Campo Eletromagnetico)

RELATIVIDADE RESTRITA + MECÂNICA QUÂNTICARELATIVIDADE RESTRITA + MECÂNICA QUÂNTICA

James Maxwell: minhas equações para o campo Eletromagnético já nasceramcom a grife relativística: c=1/÷(mo eo)Eu uso linhas de forçalinhas de força em minhaEletrodinâmica Clássica (CED).

Busquei uma teoria com as grifes:Relativística (c) e Quântica (h).Eu tenho quantaquanta em minhaEletrodinâmica Quântica (QED).Estes quanta são os FÓTONSFÓTONS(este aí é virtual).(este aí é virtual).

Page 6: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Princípio de Gauge (Ward & Salam):

Só fermions LIVRES de massa m

U(1), Abeliana

Page 7: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Temos:Temos:

PodeSomar: onde

Componentes são campo E+M

Page 8: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

y: férmions (elétrons, quarks) ; A: campo EM -> fóton

M NÃO pode haver termo de MASSA paraNÃO pode haver termo de MASSA paraNÃO pode haver termo de MASSA paraNÃO pode haver termo de MASSA paraCampo A (fótons): VIOLA Inv. de GAUGECampo A (fótons): VIOLA Inv. de GAUGE

QED: calcular com teoria de Perturbação processos físicos como

e+eÆe+e

Fótons e pares (eletron/positron)virtuais(QED – uma teoria possível)

LABORATÓRIOLABORATÓRIO

Page 9: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &
Page 10: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Cromodinâmica Quântica: QCD Oh Oh manman, quarks, quarkshavehave colorcolor & & flavorflavor, , thatsthats awesomeawesome BUTBUT

whatwhat aboutaboutFREEDOM?FREEDOM?

QED π QCD :

1) QED: 1 carga (elétrica)QCD: 3 “cargas” (cor)

2) QED: Fóton carga nula (Abeliana)QCD:Gluons: carregam carga(INTERAGEM, não Abeliana)

k(T>Tc)

Liberdade assintótica

3) QED: acoplamento fraco: Teo Pert OK!QCD: acoplamento forte em baixasEnergias (ou temperaturas) !

Anos 70Anos 70

Page 11: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

q

q

(QED) (QCD)

r

r

QCD

QED

Page 12: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Evidencia EXPERIMENTAL: PARTONS em DIS (Evidencia EXPERIMENTAL: PARTONS em DIS (DeepDeep InelasticInelastic ScatteringScattering))

Page 13: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

INTERAÇÕES FUNDAMENTAIS & “CONSTANTES” (?!) de ACOPLAMENTOINTERAÇÕES FUNDAMENTAIS & “CONSTANTES” (?!) de ACOPLAMENTO

Liberdade assintóticaLiberdade assintóticaGross-Wilczek –PolitzerNobel 2004

G … SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1) Æ SU(3)xU(1)

Variação com Temperatura Variação com Temperatura îîHistória Térmica do Universo: COSMOLOGIA!História Térmica do Universo: COSMOLOGIA!

Nobel 2004

Unificação Unificação EWEWWeinberg – Salam-GlashowNobel 1979

Page 14: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Quais as transições esperadas?

Simetria Quiral: tem a ver com a massa

Helicidade (quiralidade aparente):

Mão direita Mão esquerda

QUAL a MASSA do QUARK? Neste caso a massa efetiva éQUAL a MASSA do QUARK? Neste caso a massa efetiva éMeff ~ Mproton/3

Então Meff = 330 MeV QUANDO confinados em um

HADRON mas e livres? A massa nua , mq, é dada por

Vida realVida real: mp= 135 MeVfp = 93 MeV e s= (250 MeV)3

=> mq ~ 5 MeV

Page 15: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Assim, aumentando TEMPERATURA e/ou DENSIDADE:Assim, aumentando TEMPERATURA e/ou DENSIDADE:

1)1) “Transição” de Fase “Transição” de Fase QuiralQuiral::Massa de 300 Massa de 300 MeVMeV 5 5 MeVMeV ((upup,,downdown))

2) Transição Fase Confinada Fase 2) Transição Fase Confinada Fase DesconfinadaDesconfinada

TT

m ~ p - Ap

??????????

?????

Page 16: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Estudar a QCD em regimes de altas Temperaturas e Densidades:

Implicações para Cosmologia (universo primordial) e Astrofísica Nuclear

(objetos compactos como Estrelas de Neutrons). Como fazer?

LABORATÓRIOLABORATÓRIO (RHIC e LHC) colidir núcleos pesados em alta velocidade

Teoria:Teoria:1) QCD ou seus modelos efetivos2) Mecânica Quântica + Relatividade Especial + Mecânica Estatística3) Técnicas NÃO perturbativas: campo médio, Hartree-Fock

Monte Carlo (simulação numérica na rede) => Equação de Estado

Page 17: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Temperature Scales

• Room temperature: 25 meV• Core temperature of sun: 1.3 keV• Temperature reached in supernova: 30 MeV• Temperature of universe 1 µs after big bang • Temperature of universe 1 µs after big bang

when quarks and gluons coalesce into hadrons: 160 MeV

• Temperatures achieved at RHIC and LHC:400 to 600 MeV

Page 18: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Density Scales

• Ordinary matter: 1 to 10 grams/cc• Core density of sun: 150 grams/cc• Density of atomic nucleus: 2 x 1014 grams/cc

or 0.15 nucleons/fm3 or 0.14 GeV/fm3

• Core density of neutron star: 1 GeV/fm3• Core density of neutron star: 1 GeV/fm3

• Density of universe 1 µs after big bang when quarks and gluons coalesce into hadrons: 1 GeV/fm3

• Densities achieved at RHIC and LHC: 40 to 150 GeV/fm3

Page 19: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

BASIC IDEAS from CLASSICAL PHYSICS

Page 20: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

“Introducing the notion of effective mass via Newton’s 2nd law”

MBP in Eur. J. of Phys.28, 171 (2007)

m ~ Na - Nb

Page 21: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

WHAT DO WE NEED TO STUDY PHASE TRANSITIONS WHAT DO WE NEED TO STUDY PHASE TRANSITIONS

Statistical Mechanics, the Free-Energy

QFT, the Effective Action: generates ALL 1PI Greens functionsQFT, the Effective Action: generates ALL 1PI Greens functions

Page 22: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

2nd ORDER PHASE TRANSITION & X2nd ORDER PHASE TRANSITION & X--OVEROVER

REMEMBER:REMEMBER:

REAL WORLD: REAL WORLD: mmcc ππ0 0 ChiralChiral SymmetrySymmetryNOT EXACT !!!NOT EXACT !!!

2nd 2nd OrderOrdermmcc = 0 = 0

Tc

TpcTpc

Page 23: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

In In summarysummary, , thethe situationsituation is similar to is similar to thethe oneone foundfound in a in a ferromagnetferromagnet::

MagnetizationMagnetization analogueanalogue to quark to quark condensatecondensate ((whichwhich leads to quark leads to quark effectiveeffective massmass))

Background Background magneticmagnetic fieldfield analogueanalogue to to currentcurrent quark quark massmass: :

switches 2nd switches 2nd orderorder to Xto X--overover

SMOOTHSMOOTHSMOOTHSMOOTH

TcTc

Page 24: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

1st ORDER PHASE TRANSITION 1st ORDER PHASE TRANSITION

Familiar water into vapour: violent, latent heat, bubble formation, metastability, spinodal lines, coexistence regions, etc

RELEVANCE: NEUTRON & QUARK STARS (surface tension)QCD at low T and high baryonic density

Page 25: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

X-OVER

Assinaturas das Transições

Page 26: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

X-OVER

1ª ordem

Page 27: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

TRICRITICAL

1st order

2nd OrderPhase Diagrammmcc = 0 = 0

In In thethe REAL WORLD mREAL WORLD mcc ππ 0 !!0 !!

AndAnd 2nd 2nd ORDER ORDER becomesbecomes XX--overover

TRIcriticalTRIcritical PointPoint becomesbecomes CriticalCritical PointPoint

Page 28: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

((TheoreticalTheoretical) QCD ) QCD PhasePhase DiagramDiagram

OnlyOnly suresure aboutabout XX--over over atat aboutabout T=170 T=170 MeVMeV andand mm=0=0..fromfrom LATTICE. LATTICE. AtAt mπmπ0 PD 0 PD obtainedobtained withwith effectiveeffective modelsmodelsfor QCD for QCD likelike LSM, NJL LSM, NJL etcetc

Page 29: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

O Diagrama de Fases mais básico: obtido com modelos efetivosTipo Nambu—Jona-Lasinio e Modelo Sigma Linear

Page 30: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Plano Temperatura vs Densidade Bariônica

Page 31: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

Compilation of freezeout conditionsfrom the SIS, AGS, SPS and RHIC.

Page 32: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

WHY MAGNETIC FIELDS ??WHY MAGNETIC FIELDS ??

eB ~ 5 – 15 mp2 ~ 1019 G

NON central HIC

eB ~ 0.5 mp2 ~ 1017 G

MAGNETARS

1 MeV 2 ~ 1013 G

e= 1 /÷137

Page 33: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

- Non-renormalizable since G : 1/(eV) 2 => cut-off (new: “parameter”)- mc =0 => Chiral Symmetry dynamically broken by G > Gc at T=0, m=0

- STANDARD PARAMETRiZATION:- STANDARD PARAMETRiZATION:

gives

Page 34: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

The three flavor NJL effective model for quarks

where

Parameters as two flavor case plus:

Page 35: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

TheThe NJL PRESSURE in NJL PRESSURE in thethe MFA (MFA (akaaka largelarge NNcc))

(self consistent)Effective Mass:

Page 36: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

MODIFIED FEYNMAN RULES to ACCOUNTMODIFIED FEYNMAN RULES to ACCOUNTFOR: FOR: T , T , mm andand B.B.

QM: motion in the x-y plane quantized in units of 2qB due to field along z.Levels for which the values of p_x^2+p_y^2 lie between 2qnB and 2qB(n+1) coalesce in single level characterized by n. Must sum over n: Landau Level

Page 37: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

After that we get the explicit relations :

Also: We’re all set now !!

Page 38: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

MAGNETIC CATALYSIS MAGNETIC CATALYSIS atat T = 0 T = 0 andandmm = 0= 0

RHICRHIC LHCLHC

NJL : B stabilizes vacuum chiral asymmetry favoring qbar-q pair formation opposite to:

BCS : B alignes electronic spins breaking ee pairs

Page 39: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

TWO FLAVOR

T = 0 , 1st order & oscillations LL

m = 0, Xover

- Tpc increases at m = 0- Tc decreases at high m- CP at higher T and lower m

- Size of 1st order line increases with B

Page 40: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

SPINODALS& METASTABILITY

REGION

Coexistenceregion

Gabriel Ferrari, André Garcia & MBP; PRD (2012)

Page 41: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &
Page 42: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

m=0m=0

Page 43: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

THREE FLAVOR:Strangeness is important for theQCD-PD & for Astrophysics

As 2 flavor case:- Tpc increases at m = 0- Tc decreases at high m- CP at higher T and

S. Avancini, D.P. Menezes, MBP & C.Providencia ; PRD (2012)

- CP at higher T and lower m

- Size of 1st order line increases with B

- Also1st order oscillates forvery high fields

Page 44: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

ASTROPHYSICAL CONSEQUENCES at T=0

EoS becomesharder with increasing B

Higher stellar masseswith increasing B.S. Avancini, D.P. Menezes,MBP & C. ProvidenciaPRC80, 065805(2009)

Page 45: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

LATTICE RESULTS at m=0

M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee & F. Sanfilippoarxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat]

Nf=2, large a & high mp

OPEN PROBLEM :

Fodor’s GroupArxiv: 1111.4956 [hep-lat]

Nf=2+1, extrapolation to continuum& physical mp

OPEN PROBLEM :

Page 46: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSAt m=0 Tc INCREASES with B as in most models but contrary to recent Lattice simulation by Bali et al (1111.4956 [hep-lat]). G(B) doesn’t alter MC in the NJL (see 1203.4330 [hep-ph])Open question...

“Size” of 1st order line INCREASES with B and so does the coexistenceregion: astrophysical consequences for quark star formation??

For moderate m, Tc DECREASES with B due to LL.

region: astrophysical consequences for quark star formation??

At low T, mc OSCILLATES around the B=0 value for 3 flavors.Critical chemical potential value first decreases then increases for very high B.

Same qualitative behavior of our 2 flavor NJL was recently observedWithin the LSMq by Andersen & Tranberg (1204.3360 [hep-ph])

Page 47: TheTheQCD QCD PhasePhase DiagramMBP & C. Providencia PRC80, 065805(2009) LATTICE RESULTS at m=0 M. D’Elia, S. Mukherjee& F. Sanfilippo arxiv: 1005.5365 [hep-lat] Nf=2, large a &

CollaboratorsCollaborators::

2André F. Garcia (PhD, UFSC); Juan Camilo Macias (MSc, UFSC); Gabriel N. Ferrari (PhD, UFSC)& Robson Z. Denke (PhD, UFSC)

Débora P. Menezes & Sidney S. Avancini - UFSCConstança Providência – CoimbraRudnei de Oliveira Ramos – UERJJean-Loïc Kneur – MontpellierJorgen Randrup & Volker Koch – LBNL, BerkeleyJorgen Randrup & Volker Koch – LBNL, Berkeley

SPONSOR:SPONSOR: