Presente Simples (Voz Ativa)

Usos

A. Expressão de verdade universal, fato da natureza, afirmação geral de validade permanente.

A hardware consists of several units.

B. Expressão de hábito, ação que acontece habitualmente, no presente.

We type on a keyword.

C. Comumente ocorre com locuções adverbiais ou advérbios que denotam frequência:

always (sempre) usually (usualmente) sometimes (às vezes) every Day / month (todos os dias / meses).

They come to school every day.

Formação

Afirmativo

Forma – se o presente simples usando o infinitivo sem o to (forma básica)

To stay – stayI stay here.You stay here.We stay here.

Orientações ortográficas (Terceira Pessoa do Singular)

1. Verbos terminados em: o, ss, sh, ch, x acrescenta – se es:

do = does process = processes finish = finishes teach = teaches fix = fixes

2. Verbos terminados em y precedido de:

vogal acrescenta – se s (stay = stays). consoante retira – se y acrescenta – se i adiciona – se es ( study = studies).

3. Nos demais casos, acrescentam – se s ao verbo.

think = thinks sing = sings say = says

fall = falls4. Verbo HAVE faz a terceira pessoa do singular em has.5. O verbo BE tem as seguintes formas no presente simples:

Primeira pessoa do singular: AM Terceira pessoa do singular: IS As demais pessoas do singular ou plural: ARE

EXERCISE

A. Reescreva as orações usando as expressões entre parênteses.

1. The manager is going to the bank now. (every morning)

2. Those students are studying Turbo Pascal now. (all the time)

3. PC – cillin is updating your computer. (every month)

B. Complete as orações com os verbos entre parênteses.

1. Users caution when using Internet. (take)

2. A computer a machine. (be)

3. The Earth is a planet. It around the sun. (go)

4. The web designer in São Paulo. (live)

5. Pop stars hundreds of fans. (have)

6. A keyboard _ many keys. (have)

7. The network engineer __the system. (evaluate)

8. The systems programmer __some enhancements. (use)

Formação

Negativo

S + DO / Does + NOT + V

I do not study Engineering. (I don’t study Engineering.) They do not have the same system. (They don’t have the same system.) She does not go to the hospital every day. (She doesn’t go to the hospital every day.)

Interrogativo

DO / DOES + S + V?

Do you study Computing? Do the students enjoy it? Does he visit the site?

Does the tool ease site server configuration?EXERCISE

C. transforme as orações a seguir de acordo com a instrução entre parênteses.1. The computer memory stores both programs and data. (neg.)

2. She feels happy when she’s alone. (neg.)

3. His parents are software engineers. (int.)

4. Several of my relatives work in a computing company. (int.)

5. You don’t work. (af.)

6. Jane works as a network administrator. (int.)

7. A motherboard contains many circuits. (int.)

8. Database administrator doesn’t support the users. (af.)

9. Do the software engineers design complex relational database? (neg.)

10. Do you think there is room for improvements? (adel.rod@hotmail.comf.)

Language Focus

Passado Simples (Voz Ativa)

Uso

Usa – se o past tense para descrever uma ação que aconteceu num passado definido, geralmente com: yesterday (ontem), last night / week / month (noite, semana, mês passado) etc. ou expressões como an hour ago (uma hora atrás), three days ago (três dias atrás) etc.

Formação

O simple past tense tem forma única para todas as pessoas.

Afirmativo

S (sujeito) + Ved (verbo)

I stayed in the computing lab for two hours. He talked to the boss.

Compare com a formação da terceira pessoa do singular do presente simples.Reading on Info Tech

Orientações Ortográficas1. Os verbos regulares têm acréscimo de ed à forma básica do verbo (infinitivo

sem to) support supported print printed

2. Verbos terminados em e têm o acréscimo de d. like liked store stored

3. Verbos monossilábicos terminados em c / v / c (consoante/vogal/consoante) dobra – se a consoante final e acrescenta - se ed. stop stopp stopped scan scanned

4. Verbos dissílabos terminados em c / v / c dobram a última consoante quando a última sílaba for tônica. control controll controlled transmit transmitt transmitted

5. Verbos terminados em y precedido de consoante (Cy) troca – se o y por i e adiciona – se ed. study studi studied carry carri carried

6. Verbos terminados em y precedido de vogal (Vy) acrescenta – se ed. display displayed deploy deployed

Os verbos irregulares têm forma própria de passado e possuem uma forma única todas as pessoas. make made spend spent go went buy bought give gave put put leave left

Para conhecer a forma do passado dos verbos irregulares, consulte sempre o dicionário The programmer gave instructions to Eve. We went to the computing lab. It made servers inaccessible.

O verbo BE tem a seguinte distribuição: I, He, she, it was:The product was available last month. you, we they were:My sister and I were at the computing last night.

Negativo

S + DID + NOT + V

Para fazer negativas no Simple Past Tense usa – se do no passado, did.

She spent an hour on the phone. (aff.) She did not spend an hour on the phone I played soccer last Sunday. (aff.) I did not play soccer last Sunday.

A forma contraída de DID NOT é DIDN’T.

PC users didn’t want that subsystem. His brother and she didn’t work hard.

InterrogativoDID + S + V?

Para se formar o interrogative no simple past tense usa – se o Did antes do sujeito.

Did you call the doctor? When did they go to the movies?

EXERCISE (SIMPLE PAST)

A. Mude as orações para o negative reescrevendo – as.

1. It allowed you to configure the scan rates.

2. You went to the movies last week.

3. My father bought a new scanner last year.

4. The peopleware designed a new program.

B. Reescreva as orações modificando – as de acordo com as instruções em parênteses.

1. I needed help this morning. (int.)

2. We began the course in February. (int.)

3. I watched this film a long time ago. (int.)

4. I cut my finger. (int.)

5. He met a staffer at the office. (neg.)

6. They spent forty dollars last night. (neg.)

7. She had a good scanner. (neg.)

8. We tested the new software yesterday. (neg.)

9. Did it have a good management capability? (af.)

10. Did they announce a new software last year? (af.)

11. He didn’t try the new program. (af.)

12. The peopleware designed another software. (int.)

13. The configuration checklist wasn’t similar to that one. (int.)

14. Did the user leave the computer running? (neg.)

15. My workmates didn’t move to a new room last week. (af.)

Com “Be Going To”

Uso

Para expressar previsão. Watch out! You’re going to hurt yourself!

Para expressar a execução de algo que foi planejado anteriormente. I’m going to test this program tomorrow.

Formação Básica

S + AM / ARE / IS + GOING TO +V

He is going to answer the letter. I am going to read the manual.

Nota: Veja os Tempos Progressivos.

EXERCISE

Complete the sentences below with be going to:

a) She a new workstation. (have)

b) He another mainboard. (buy)

c) Sue in June.

After that, she work at an electronic firm. (graduate / begin)

d) Do you want to go shopping with me?

I to the shopping mall downtown. (go)

e) The teacher soon. We

her. . (retire / miss)

Complete as orações a seguir com os verbos em parênteses:

1. They the scapegoat. (be)

2. A leader on every team. (emerge)

3. _____________ you employees to scan e-mail

attachments? (teach)

4. Nuclear weapons survival impossible. (make)

5. There enough food in the world ( not / be)

6. a wireless LAN the ideal for short – term networks? (be)