Phylogenetic Diversity in Rock Outcrop Plant Communities in Southeastern Brazil

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Phylogenetic Diversity in Rock Outcrop Plant Communities in Southeastern Brazil Colmenares S.L.T.1, Rosado B.H.P.2, de Mattos E.A.3 1 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia 2 Instituto de Pesquisa Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro , 3 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Departamento de Ecologia Community Ecology & Function Symposia DNA barcodes and beyond: Developing and utilizing community-wide DNA sequence data to understand ecology and evolution of tropical biodiversity

description

Talk presented at ATBC Congress 2012.

Transcript of Phylogenetic Diversity in Rock Outcrop Plant Communities in Southeastern Brazil

Page 1: Phylogenetic Diversity in Rock Outcrop Plant Communities in Southeastern Brazil

Phylogenetic Diversity in Rock Outcrop Plant Communities in Southeastern Brazil

Colmenares S.L.T.1, Rosado B.H.P.2, de Mattos E.A.31 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia

2 Instituto de Pesquisa Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro , 3 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Departamento de Ecologia

Community Ecology & Function

Symposia DNA barcodes and beyond: Developing and utilizing community-wide DNA sequence data to understand

ecology and evolution of tropical biodiversity

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Analysis of the phylogenetic structure of communities provide insights into the ecological processes that

organize them (Webb, 2000)

(Vamosi, et al. 2009)

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ROCKY OUTCROPS OR INSELBERGS“Xeric islands in a tropical matrix”

great environmental heterogeneity

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Vegetation is found forming elliptical soil-islands or patches of varying size

and soil depth

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These islands exhibit a clearly defined border, enabling precise delimitation of area and species composition

Increases in area and substratum depth contain an apparent gradient on water and nutrient

availability, which may restrict establishment of some plant species

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Smaller patches provide harsher

environmental conditions than

larger ones, probably filtering the species

according to their ability to deal with

environmental stresses

Thus, we postulated that species’ patch composition will vary according to size

variation and species’ phylogenetic relatedness

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A set of 26 vegetation patches of varied sizes (between 0.5

m2 and 30 m2) was censed to construct a presence/absence

species vs. patch area matrix

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PHYLOGENETIC COMMUNITY STRUCTURE

22 species - 7 families

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PHYLOGENETIC COMMUNITY STRUCTURE

Com 1

Com 2

Clustered

Evenly dispersed

We aim to explore if co-occurring species

within each vegetation patch are phylogenetic evenly

dispersed or clustered

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The Mean Phylogenetic Distance (MPD) and the Mean Nearest Taxon Phylogenetic Distance (MNTD) were calculated and tested against null

distribution of 999 null communities to obtain the standardized indexes:

Net Related Index (NRI) and Nearest Taxon Index (NTI)

NRI or NTI ≥ +1.96 Clustered

Evenly dispersed

NRI or NTI ≤ - 1.96

When:

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R² = 0.256

0

2

4

6

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-5 5 15 25 35

RIC

HN

ESS

AREA

RICHNESS vs. AREA

We observed a significantly relationship

between richness and patch area

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NRI and NTI values were not significantly different from randomly generated

null communities

Thus, we have some evidence that the presence of species of

species in each vegetation patch presents random

phylogenetic distribution

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

0 10 20 30 40

NRI

NRI

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

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1.5

2

0 10 20 30 40

NTI

NTI

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Further studies are necessary to test whether the above results can remain when variation in

abundance of species and functional trait diversity are

included on the analysis

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So… What can we expect ?

?

?

Webb et al., 2002

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

TO PROF.LÚCIA G. LOHMANN

TO MY MOTHER

PARQUE ESTADUALSERRA DA TIRIRICA –

NITERÓI, RJ

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y = 3.334x + 484.4R² = 0.175

0100200300400500600700

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

MP

D

Area

MPD

y = -5.503x + 503.6R² = 0.093

0

200

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1000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

MN

TD

Area

MNTD

MPD was positively, but weak related to the patch area and number of taxa respectively

(r2=0.18, pvalue=0.026; r2=0.30, pvalue=0.0024), whereas MNTD decreased with increasing

number of taxa (r2=0.509, pvalue=0.000020).

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0

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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

MP

D

Area

MPD

-3

-2

-1

0

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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35NR

I

Area

NRI

-3

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-1

0

1

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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35NTI

Area

NTI

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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

MN

TD

Area

MNTD

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AND WHAT ABOUT PHYTLOGENETIC RELATEDNESS BETWEEN CO-OCURRING SPECIES AT EACH VEGETATION PATCH?