Geologia 11 rochas sedimentares biogénicas
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Transcript of Geologia 11 rochas sedimentares biogénicas
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Geologia 11
Rochas Biogénicas
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Carvões e petróleo
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Carvões
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A turfa é um material de origem vegetal, parcialmente decomposto, encontrado em
camadas, geralmente em regiões pantanosas e também sobre montanhas (turfa
de altitude). É formada principalmente por Sphagnum (esfagno, grupo de musgos)
e Hypnum, mas também de juncos, árvores, etc. Sob condições geológicas
adequadas, transformam-se em carvão, através de emanações de metano vindo
das profundezas e da preservação em ambiente anóxico.
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Formação de combustíveis fósseis
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Etapas na formação do carvão
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Incarbonização
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A incarbonização ocorre ao
abrigo do ar, nela
intervindo bactérias
anaeróbias.
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Carbonização
Enriquecimento progressivo em carbono dos
restos orgânicos, com perda relativa de oxigénio
e hidrogénio, na grande maioria, a partir de
carbo-hidratos próprios de tecidos vegetais, em
especial, a lenhina e a celulose.Dicionário de Geologia – A.M. Galopim de Carvalho
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Produtos petrolíferos
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Consumo
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Geologia
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http://www.black-tides.com/uk/oil/what-is-oil/origin-oil-animation.php
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Calcários biogénicos
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Resumo