essa nabi layout - Ahmadiyya · {]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬ 3 {]kvXm-h\ Alva-Znøm {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ t\sc...

$: essa nabi layout - Ahmadiyya · {]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬ 3 {]kvXm-h\ Alva-Znøm {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ t\sc FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ apsº√mw]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®pt]m-∂n-cp∂ {][m\ Bt£-]-ßƒ Cukm$
1]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬

]hm-N-IXzw

Jp¿-B-\n¬

auem\m _n. A–p-√mlv kmln-_v(-dlv)

]km-[-I¿

Ckvemw C‚¿\mjW¬ ]ªnt°j≥kv

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬2

PRAVACHATWAM QUR'ANIL

(Malayalam)

Author: Moulana B. Abdullah Sahib H.A.

DTP: Bindu

Layout : T. Jamshad Mukkam

Printed at: Orange Offset Printers, Calicut

Published by: Islam International Publications- Kerala

Fort Road, Kannur - 670001

6th Edition: 2017

Copies: 2000

Price: 50/-


]kvXm-h\Alva-Znøm ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ t\sc FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ apsº√mw

]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®pt]m-∂n-cp∂ ][m\ Bt£-]-ßƒ Cukm -\-_nacn-®p-sh∂ Alva-Zn-I-fpsS hnizm-ksØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp-≈-

Xm-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Øn¬ Alva-Znøm ]ÿm\w ]N-cn-®p-Xp-S-ßnb

BZy-Im-e-ß-fn¬ CXp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p ÿnXn. Cukm- \-_n-

acn®p F∂ hnizmkw XI¿°-s∏-Sp-∂-tXmsS Alva-Znøm Pam-

A-Øns‚ kIe hnizmk ku[-ß-tfbpw CSn-®p-s]m-fn-°m-sa∂

hymtam-l-]-c-amb Hcp \ne-]m-Sm-bn-cp∂p A∂p-≈-h¿ kzoI-cn-®n-

cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ A\n-tj-[y-ß-fmb Jp¿-B-\nI ]am-W-ß-fpsS

apºn¬ Ah¿°v ]cm-P-b-s∏-tS-≠n-h-∂-tXmsS B ]iv\-Øn¬

\n∂v Benw-Iƒ Hgn-™p-am-dp-∂-Xm-bn-´mWv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ign

™ Ac-\q-‰m-≠p-Im-esØ Xoh-amb hmZ-]Xnhm-Z-ßƒ°p-tijw

Cukm- \-_n acn-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ hnizmkw icn-bmsW

∂v C∂v ]e ]kn≤ aX-]-fin-X-∑mcpw kΩ-Xn-®p-Xp-S-ßn-bn-cn

°p-I-bmWv. F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ Alva-Znøm ]ÿm-\sØ XI¿°m-

s\-t∂mWw "]hm-N-I-Xz-k-am]vXn' F∂ hnj-b-sØ-bmWv as‰m

cp B-bp-[-ambn Ah¿ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xv. X∂n-anØw C∂-h¿ \-

_n-°p-tijw \_n hcn-I-bn-s√∂ hnizm-k-Øn\pw hmZ-Øn\pw

henb ]m[m\yhpw ]m_-eyhpw \evIn-h-cp-∂p. \-_nsb "A

¥y-]-hm-N-I≥' F∂p hnti-jn-∏n-°p-Ibpw \-_n-bv°p-tijw

Hcp ]hm-N-I\pw hcn-I-bn-s√-∂p≈ hnizm-ksØ ÿm\Øpw

Aÿm-\Øpw Du∂n-∏-d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-Isb∂Xv C∂v k¿∆-

km-[m-c-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu hnizm-ksØ km[q-I-cn-°m≥

"C_v\p-a¿b-'ans‚ Bhn¿`m-hsØ kw_-‘n® ]h-N-\-ß-sf-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬4t]mepw AK-Wy-tIm-Sn-bn¬ X≈p-hm≥ Ch¿ aSn-°p-∂n-√. "]hm-

N-I-Xz-k-am]vXn' XØzw "Cuam≥ Imcy-ß-'fn¬s]´-Xm-sW∂pw

Hcmƒ apkvenamIW-sa-¶n¬ Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw Hcp Xc-Øn-ep

≈ ]hm-N-I\pw hcn-I-bn-s√∂p Dd®p hniz-kn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂pw

IqSn Nne Benw-Iƒ ]d-™p-h-cp-∂p. lZvdØv Alva-Zp¬ JmZn-

bm-\nsb X≈n-∏-d-bm\pw Alva-Zn-Isf Im^n-dm-°m\pw th≠n-

bmWv Ch-cn-sX√mw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mT-sa-s¥∂p

a\- n-em-°m-\n-h¿ Bflm¿Y-ambn ian-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Xß-fpsS

hnizmkw A_-≤-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-°m-am-bn-cp-∂p.

auem\m A–p-√mlv kmln_v F®v.F Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬

Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n-∂p≈ 15 tcJ-Iƒ aptJ\ Xncp-\-_n-°p-ti-jhpw

]hm-N-Im-h-Xm-c-ap-≠m-Im-sa∂v sXfn-bn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu tcJ-

I-fn¬ ]eXpw apºpw D∂-bn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xm-sW-¶nepw Ahsb

Jfin-°m≥ Ct∂mfw B¿°pw km[n-®n-ń-√. 1934¬ IÆq-cn¬

\n∂p ]n. A–p¬Jm-Z¿ auehn kmln_v FgpXn ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-

Ønb "JØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆Øv' F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ Jfi-\-ambn

"A∂p-_p-∆Øv n¬ Ckvemw' F∂ auem\m kmln_v FgpXnb

]ikvX ]pkvX-I-Øn\v \mfn-Xp-hsc Bcpw-Xs∂ Jfi\w Fgp-

Xn-bn-ń-s√-∂Xv ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv.

auZqZn kmln-_ns‚ ka¿∞-amb kqX-[m-c-Xz-Øn¬ 1953- ¬

]m°n-kvXm-\n¬ \S∂ Alva-Znøm hntcm[ ]t£m-`-Øn¬ apg-

ßn-t°´ Hcp ]tabw "]hm-N-I-Xz-k-am]vXn kwc-£Ww' Bbn-

cp-∂p. "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo∂p' tijw ]hm-N-IXzw tIh-e-am-bn

\ne-®n-ń-s√∂ hnizm-k-tØbpw Aßs\ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-tcbpw

AØcw ]t£m-`-ßƒ aptJ\ \n¿Ωq-e\w sNøm-sa∂v Ah¿

Icp-Xn. "]hm-N-IXz kam]vXn kwc-£W' amWv Xß-fpsS Dt±-

iy-sa∂v Ah¿ DZvtLm-jn-®p. ]n∂oSv Cu Dt±-iy-Øn-\p-th-≠n-

bp≈ Xs‚ kw`m-h-\-sb-t∂mWw auZqZn kmln_v "JØ-ap-∂p-

_p-∆Øv' F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp sNdp-]p-kvXIw cNn-®p. AXns‚

]cn-`mj ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]kn≤oI-cn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. AXn¬ Xs‚

hmZ-Øn-te°v sXfn-sh-t∂mWw Hscm‰ Bb-Øp-am-Xta At±-

l-Øn\p D≤-cn-°m≥ Ign-™p-≈q. AXm-Is´ Alva-Zn-Iƒ Xß-


fpsS hmZ-Øn-te-°m-[m-c-ambn D∂-bn-°p∂ tcJ-I-fn-sem-∂mWp

Xm-\pw. At∏mƒ "]hm-N-I-X-k-am]vXn' kn≤m-¥-Øn-∂m-[m-c-ambn

Ak-∂n-Kv≤-ambn Hscm-‰ tcJt]mepw Jp¿-B-\n¬\n-∂p-≤-cn-

°m≥ auZqZn kmln-_n\pw km[n-®n-´n-s√∂p hy‡-am-bn. Alva-

Zn-I-fm-I-s´, Xß-fpsS hnizm-ksØ km[q-I-cn-°p∂ hy‡-amb

\nc-h[n tcJ-Iƒ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬\n∂v FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu ]pkvXIw hmbn-°p-∂-h¿°v Cu bmYm¿

∞yw \njv]-bmkw Kln-°mw.

1956 apX¬ kXy-Zq-X-\n¬ Jfiix ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏´ teJ-

\-]-c-ºc X¬I¿Øm-hn-\m¬ ]p\x-tim-[\ sNø-s∏´ ]pkvX-I-

cq-]-Øn¬ ]kn≤w sNbvXn- p-≈-Xm-Wv "A∂p-_p-∆-Øv n¬ Jp¿-

B≥' F∂ Cu IrXn. CXp tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw _lp-P-\-ß-

fpsS apºn¬ ka¿∏n-°m≥ Ign-™-Xn¬ Rßƒ°v AXn-bmb

kt¥m-jhpw Nmcn-Xm¿∞y-hp-ap-≠v. \njv]-£-_p≤ym Cu IrXn

hmbn®v hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mT-sa-¥m-sW∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ F√m

Nn¥-I-∑m-tcmSpw A`y¿∞n-®p-sIm-≈p-∂p.

aX-]-c-amb hnizm-k-ß-tfbpw ]iv\-ß-tfbpw Kuc-h-ambn ]cn-

K-Wn-°p-Ibpw Jp¿-Bs\ BZ-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ \√-h-cmb

F√m apkvenw-I-tfmSpw Cu ]pkvXIw kXym-t\z-jW _p≤n-

tbmsS Baq-emKw hmbn-®p-t\m-°-W-sa∂v Rßƒ A`y¿∞n-

®p-sIm-≈p-∂p.

]km-[-I¿


apJ-hpcCkvem-ans‚ AJ-fi-amb aqe-]-amWw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\m-W-

t√m. apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ `n∂m-`n-]m-b-ß-fp-≠m-Ip-∂-]£w

AXn\p \nhm-c-W-ap-≠m-°m≥ H∂m-asØ B[m-c-ambn Ah-ew-

_n-t°-≠Xp hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-s\-bm-sW∂v B ]hn--X-K-Ÿw- Xs∂

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. AXns‚ ]mT-ß-f-Xbpw kzoI-cn-t°-≠Xv

AXn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cpsS Hgn-®p-Iq-SmØ [¿a-am-sW∂pw AXv

Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®p ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p-≠v. C∂v AlvaZn apkvenw-

Iƒ°pw CXc apkvenw-Iƒ°p-an-S-bn¬ A`n-]m-b- n-∂-X-bp≈ hnj-

b-ß-fn¬ ][m-\-amb H∂mWv "]hm-N-IXz kam]vXn' F∂ hnj-

bw. apl-ΩZv dkq-ep-√m-ln Xncp-ta-\n-°p-tijw Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈

\_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√∂v CXc apkvenwIƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬\n∂v Ckvem-ans\ ]t_m[n-

∏n-°m≥th≠n \_n hcm-sa∂v AlvaZo apkvenwIƒ hniz-kn-

°p-∂p. n∂-amb Cu hnizm-k-ß-fn¬ GXv hnizm-k-sØ-bmtWm

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv, Xo¿®-bmbpw B hnizm-k-

am-bn-cn°pw kXyambn-cn-°p-I.

]hm-N-I-]-`p-hmb Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ ]hm-

N-I\pw hcn-I-bn-s√∂p hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√. adn®v

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-tbm-Sp≈ A\p-k-cWw hgn A√mlp C—n-°p-∂-

h¿°v Ah≥ \p_p-∆Øv ]Zhn \evIp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw B ]Zhn

\evI-s∏-Sp∂ Bƒ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Ønbpw Ckvem-ans‚

tkh-I\pw Bbn-cn-°p-sa-∂p-amWv hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-

Xv. B ]hn-X-KŸw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp∂ Cu kXy-sØ-bmWv

Cu sNdp-Ir-Xn-bn¬ Rm≥ ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.


BI-bm¬ aX-kn-≤m-¥-ßƒ°v AX¿ln-°p∂ ÿm\w \ev

Ip-Ibpw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ F√m ]mT-ßfpw kzoI-

cn-t°-≠Xv Hmtcm apkvenan-s‚bpw IS-a-bm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-tcmSv Cu ]pkvXIw kXym-t\z-j-W-_p≤ym B-

aq-emKw Ah¿ hmbn®p t\m°-W-sa-∂mWv Fs‚ hn\o-X-amb

A`y¿∞-\.

Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂p hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-Ip∂ Hcp ]mTw apkv

enw `qcn-]-£-Øns‚ A`n-]m-b-Øn\v FXn-cmbXpsImt≠m B

cp-sS-sb-¶nepw ]cº-cm-K-X-amb hnizm-k-Øn\p hn]-co-X-am-b-

XpsImt≠m X≈n-°-f-bm-hp-∂-X-√-t√m. F∂m¬ B ]mTw hnip-

≤ -Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂p hy‡-ambn sXfn-bp-∂pt≠m F∂p Nn¥n-

®p-t\m-°p-I-sb-∂Xp amX-amWv Hmtcm bYm¿∞ apkven-an-s‚

bpw [¿Ωw. BI-bm¬, hnip-≤ -Jp¿-B-\n¬ Bflm¿∞-amb hnizm-

k-ap-≈-h-cpsS apºn¬ Rm\nXm B ]hn-X -K-Ÿ-Øn¬ \n∂p

sXfn-bp∂ Hcp ]mTsØ hn\-b-]q¿∆w ka¿∏n-®p- sIm-≈p-∂p.

]g-b-ßm-Sn F∂v,

3 . 04 . 1964 _n. A_vZp-√mlv

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬8KŸI¿Øm-hn-s\-∏‰n c≠p-hm°v

AXo-h-`-‡\pw aX-]-fin-X\pw A∂sØ ]ptcm-ln-X-h¿K-Ønse

Hcp hnπ-h-Im-cn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂ lZvdØv auehn sI. apln-bp-±o≥(-dlv)s‚

koa-¥-]p-X-\mb KŸ-I¿Ømhv 1895¬ ]g-b-ßm-Sn-bn¬ qPm-X-\mbn.

aXn-kn-≤m-¥-ßfpw A[ym-]\-ß-fp-sa-√mw- Xs∂ a\p-jy-_p-≤n°pw

A¥- n\pw A\p-tbm-Py-am-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂v ]nXmhv \njv°¿jn-

®n-cp-∂p. Alva-Zn-øØv kzoI-cn-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ At±-lsØ hfsc-

b-[nIw kzm[o-\n-®Xpw B ho£-W-KXn Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°-Ww. Cu

\q‰m-≠ns‚ BZy ZiI-Øn-emWv At±lw Alva-Zn-øØv kzoI-cn-®

Xpw ]cn-ip≤ JmZn-bm≥ kµ¿in-®-Xpw. AXns\ XpS¿∂v Chn-SsØ

apkven-bm¿am-cn¬ \n∂pw s]mXp-P-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw At±-l-Øn\p t\cn-

tS-≠n-h∂ a¿Z-\-ßfpw bmX-\-Ifpw C∂sØ Alva-Zn-Iƒ°p-t]mepw

Duln-°m≥ høm-Ø-Xm-Wv. ]t£, At±-l-Øns‚ at\m-ss[-cyhpw

ZrV-hn-izm-khpw AsXm∂pw AN-©-e-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]pWy-Jm-Zn-bm-\n¬\n∂v aS-ßn-h-∂-tijw ]Øv ]Xn-\mev hb p-

am-Xw ]mb-am-bn-cp∂ Xs‚ ]pXs\ Ckvem-ans‚ bYm¿Y XØz-

ßfpw D]-tZ-i-ßfpw ]Tn-°m\pw Pohn-X-Øn¬ hnip-≤n-bpsS ]cn-afw

Nm¿Øm-\p-ambn At±lw ]pWy-Jm-Zn-bm-\n-te-°-b-®p. Aßs\ KŸ-

I¿Øm-hns‚ hnZym-`ym-k-Imew apgp-h\pw JmZn-bm-\n-emWv Ign-™p-

Iq-Sn-bXv. Ahn-sS-\n∂pw At±lw ]©m_v bq\n-thgvkn‰nbnse F®v.

F (Hm-tW¿kv C≥ Ad-_n-Iv) F∂ D∂X _ncpZw kºm-Zn-®p. ]n∂oSv

tIc-f-Øn-seßpw "F®v.F auehn ' F∂ t]cn¬ At±lw Adn-bs∏-

Sm-\p≈ ImcWw AXm-bn-cp-∂p. 1927- ¬ HutZym-Kn-I-ambn sX°≥ C¥y-

bnepw kntem-Wnepw Alva-Zn-ø-Øns‚ ]Nm-c-I\pw h‡m-hp-ambn

\ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-´p. AXn-\p-ti-j-ap≈ At±-l-Øns‚ PohnXw tIcf

apkvenw hrØ-Øn¬ ]tXy-In®p Adn-bn-s∏- Xpw hf-sc-b-[nIw ]m[m-

\y-a¿ln-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. auem\m A–p-√m-lv(-dlv) Ad-_n, m¿kn, D¿Zp,

Xan-gv, Cw•o-jv, ]©m-_n, ae-bmfw `mjm-Ifn¬ A`n-⁄\pw ]K-

¤-\mb Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw D÷z-e-\mb ]mkw-Kn-I\pw A\p-Krlo-X-

\mb hnhm-Z-a¿Ω-⁄-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ckvem-ans‚ tijvT-X-sb-∏‰nbpw

hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ al-\o-b-X-sb-°p-dn®pw At±lw A\-h[n ]pkvXI

-ßfpw teJ-\-ßfpw cNn-®n-´p-≠v. A∂p-_p-∆Øv ^n¬ Ckvemw (C-kv

em-anse ]hm-N-I-Xzw) F∂ hnipX _rlZvKŸ-amWv At±l-Øn

s‚ amÃ¿]o-kv. 1968¬ At±lw Cl-temIw shSn-bp-∂-Xp-hsc Ak-

Xy-Øn\pw A[¿a-Øn-\p-sa-Xn-cmb Ipcnipbp≤Ønem-bn-cp∂p.


Ckvem-ans‚ aqe-]-amWw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ BsW∂pw A

Xn¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-Ip∂ Hcp kwKXn Hcp apkven-an∂p \ntj-

[n-°m-\m-hn-s√∂pw D≈Xv apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ X¿°-a‰ kwK-

Xn-bm-W-t√m. Jp¿-B-\n¬ kw£n-]vX-am-bnt´m hywKy-\n-e-

bntem ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ ]mT-ß-fpsS hymJym-\-amWv \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS kp∂Øv AYhm \S-]-Sn-I-aw. Ah c≠n-s\bpw

hnh-cn-°p∂ Hcp km£n-am-X-amWv lZo-kp-Iƒ. Jp¿-B\pw

kp∂Øpw Hcn-°epw Xs∂ ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-am-bn-cn-°m-h-X-

√. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬, AXns‚ A¿∞w Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mTw

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v a\- n-em-bn- n-s√∂pw AXp-sIm≠v B Znhym-

flmhv Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mT-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn ]h¿Øn-®p-sh-∂pambncn-

°p-a-t√m. lZo-kp-Iƒ a‰p-≈-h¿ aptJ\ dn°m¿-Um-°-

s∏´hbmb-Xp-sIm-≠v- A-Xn¬ NneXv Jp¿-B\p hn]-co-X-am-

bXpw D≠m-bn-cn-°mw. AØcw lZo-kp-Isf Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mT-

tØmSp tbmPn-∏n-°m≥ km[n-°m-Ø-]£w Ah Xncp-\-_n-h-

N-\-a-s√∂p IcpXn Xt≈-≠n-h-cpw. Npc-p°-Øn¬, aX-Im-cy-

ß-fn¬ H∂m-asØ ]amWw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B\pw c≠m-a-tØXp

kp∂Øpw aq∂m-a-tØXp lZo-kp-am-Wv. Jp¿-B-\n¬\n∂pw

kp∂-Øn¬\n∂pw Ahbv°p hn]-co-X-a-√mØ lZo-kp-I-

fn¬\n∂pw sXfn-bp∂ Hmtcm kwK-Xnbpw kzoI-cn-°m≥

Ÿ]ÖFä]Ÿù]Ö×#äÚvÛù‚…ù‰çÙ]Ö×#ä F∂ Ien-a-bn¬ kXy-lr-Z-b-tØmsS

hniz-kn-°p∂ Hmtcm apkvenapw _m[y-ÿ-\-mWv. Jp¿-B-\n¬

hy‡-ambpw Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®pw ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬10∂Xv A[n-Ihpw hnizm-k-]-c-amb Imcy-ß-fm-Wv. I¿a-]-c-amb

Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ Jp¿-Bs‚ hnh-cWw an°-hmdpw kw£n-

]vX-cq-]-Øn-e-sX. BI-bm¬, Xncp-\-_n-bpsS kp∂-Øns‚

shfn-®-Øn¬ amXta AØcw kwK-Xn-Iƒ a\- n-em-°m≥

km[n-°p-I-bp-≈q. AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv A√mlp hnip-

≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬ Ahs\ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂tXmsSm∏w dkq-en-

s\bpw A\p-k-cn-°p-hm≥ Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v A\p-im-kn-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Xncp-\-_n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥\_n Xncp-ta\n "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' BsW∂p hnip-≤-

Jp¿-B-\n¬ hy‡-ambn ]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≠v. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

""apl-ΩZv \nß-fn¬ Hcp ]pcp-j-s‚bpw ]nXm-h-√. F∂m¬

A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX\pw \_n-am-cpsS apZ-bp-am-Wv. A√mlp

F√m Imcy-ßfpw \√-t]mse Adn-bp∂h-\m-Wv.'' (33:41)

Cßs\ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-sb-°p-dn®v hy‡-ambn "JmØ-ap-∂-

_n-øo≥' F∂v Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cns° J¿-B≥

ssZh-h-N-\-am-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v B Zn-hym-flmhv

JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ As√∂p ]d-bm≥ km[y-a-√. hnip-≤-Jp¿-

B≥, Hcn-°epw Zp¿∫-e-s∏- p-t]m-ImØ ssZh-h-N-\hpw ]cn-

]q¿W \ymb-]-am-W-K-Ÿhpw BsW∂v FXbpw ZrV-X-

tbmSpw Bflm¿∞-X-tbm-Spw-IqSn hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cmWv Alva-

Zn-Iƒ. Jp¿-B-\n¬ Zp¿∫-e-s∏- p-t]mb Bb-Øp-Iƒ Ds≠∂p

CXc apkvenw-Iƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n-epw, AXn¬ Hcp

h≈ntbm ]p≈ntbm Zp¿∫-e-s∏- n- n-s√∂pw Zp¿∫-e-s∏-Sp-I-

bn-s√-∂p-amWv Alva-Zn-I-fpsS hnizm-kw. Xncp-\-_n JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥ BsW∂ kXyw Alva-Zn-ø-Øns‚ ÿm]-I¿


Xs‚ KŸ-ß-fn¬ FXbpw hy‡-am-bpw i‡n-]p-c- -chpw

]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≠v. amX-a-√, X\n°v A√mlp \p_p-∆Øv ]Zhn

\evIn-b-Xp-Xs∂ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n -Jm-Ø-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ Bb-

Xp-sIm≠pw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ ]Z-

hnsb sXfn-bn-°p-Ibpw ZrVo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøm≥ th≠nbpw

BsW-∂mWv At±-lw -Xs∂ ]d-™p-X-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw.

lZvdØv Alva-Zp¬ Jm-Zn-bm-\n ]d-bp-I-bmWv: ""Fs‚

hnizm-k-Øns‚ BI-ØpI "emC-em-l-C-√-√mlp apl-Ω-Zp¿d-

kq-ep-√mln' F∂m-Wv. lZvdØv køn-Zp-\m, hau-em\m apl-

ΩZv apkvX- m JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo\pw ssJdp¬ ap¿keo\pw

BsW∂pw At±lw aptJ\ Zo≥ ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-Ibpw a\p-

jy¿ t\¿am¿§-Øn¬ Ncn-®p-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v F

Øn-t®-cp∂ B A\p-Klw ]q¿WZ-i-bn¬ FØp-Ibpw

sNbvXn- p-s≠-∂p-amWv Fs‚ hnizm-kw. Rm≥ sFln-I-Po-hn-

X-Øn¬ CtX hnizm-k-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-Øs∂ Pohn-°p-Ibpw ssZ

hm-\p-K-l-Øm¬ CtX hnizm-k-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-Øs∂ Cl-tem-

Iw -sh-Sn-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.''

(C-km-esb Hulmw 1891. H∂mw ]Xn-∏v, `m 137)

""GsXmcp alm-flm-hn\p hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ Cd-ßn-bn-cn-°p-

∂p-thm... B Xncp-ta\n JmØ-ap¬ Aºnbm BIp-∂p.

F∂m¬, B ]pWy-]qam≥ "JmØw' BsW-∂Xpw taen¬

Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ]°¬\n∂p bmsXmcp Bflo-bm-\p-K-lhpw

e`y-am-Ip-∂-X-s√∂ A¿Y-Øn-e-√; \_nXncp-ta-\n apZ- e

`n® ]hm-N-I-\m-sW-∂p≈ A¿YØn-e-sX. B apZ-bpsS

klmbw IqSmsX B¿°pw H-c-\p-K-lhpw kn≤n-°m-h-X-√.

ssZh- m-jWw kn≤n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ hmXn¬ \_nXncp-ta-\n-

bpsS A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°v t\sc Hcn-°epw AS-™p-t]m-Ip-∂-

Xp-a-√. B \_nXncp-ta-\n-b-√msX apZ e`n® ]hm-N-I-\mbn

a‰mcpw C√-X-s∂. A\p-Kman Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp-IqSn

Hcmƒ°v ]hm-N-IXzw IqSn e`n-°p-∂-Xn\p Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬12cp∂ apZ-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]hm-N-I≥ B ]pWy-]qam≥ amX-am-

Ip-∂p. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Bflo-b-i-‡nbpw kl-Xm-]hpw A\p-

bm-bn-Isf A]q¿Wm-h-ÿ-bn¬ hnt´°phm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°p-I-

tbm bYm¿∞amb ssZh-⁄m-\-Øns‚ apJy-am¿K-amb ssZh-

`m-j-W-Øns‚ IhmSw AS-™p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xv C„-s∏-Sp-Itbm

sNbvXn-√. Xncp-ta-\n, Xm≥ JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ BsW-∂-Xns‚

e£ysØ \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn-∂m-bn´p Xt∂m-Sp≈ A\p-k-cWw

aptJ\ amXta Znhy-sh-fn-]mSp e`y-am-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw A\p-

bm-bn-I-f-√m-Ø-h¿°v ssZh- m-j-W-Øns‚ IhmSw AS-™n-cn-

°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw ÿm]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu A¿∞-Øn-emWv

Xncp-ta-\n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ Bbn-cn-°p-∂Xv''

(l-Jo-J-Øp¬ hlvbn, 1907, `m˛27, 28)

""\nß-fn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v A√mlp C—n-°p∂

hnizmkw CXsX: A√mlp GI-\mWv. apl-Ω-Zv Ahs‚

\_n-bm-Wv. At±lw JmØ-ap¬ Aºnbm BWv. F√m ]hm-

N-I-∑m-sc-°mfpw D∂-X-\m-Wv. At±-l-Øn-\p-tijw ]Xn-_nw-

_-sa-t∂mWw apl-Ω-Znøm XpIn¬ [cn-∏n-°-s∏´ \ne-bn¬

A√msX Hcp \_nbpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ rXy≥

Xs‚ bP-am-\-\n¬\n∂pw imJ Xmbva-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw thdn- -

X-√.'' (In-ivØo-\q-lv, 1902, `m.15)

""Rm≥ Xn-cp-\_n-bpsS DΩ-Ønbpw A\pkmcnbpw A√mbn-

cp-s∂¶n¬, temI-Øp≈ k¿∆-]¿h-X-ßƒ°pw kam-\-am-bX

]pWy-I¿a-ßƒ Rm≥ sNbvXn- p-s≠-∂mepw A√m-lp-hn-¬\n-

∂p≈ a[p-c- m-j-W-Øm¬ Rm≥ A\p-K-ln-°-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-

∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, apl-Ω-Znøm \p_p-∆-Ø-√msX as‰√m \p_p-

∆-Øp-Ifpw \n¿Ø-em-bn-cn-°-pIbm-Wv. ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp

]hm-N-I\pw C\n hcn-I-bn√. ico-A-Øn-√mØ \_n hcm-hp-

∂-Xm-Wv. ]t£, B \_n H∂m-a-Xmbn \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS

DΩØn Bbn-cn-°-Ww.''

(X-P-√n-bmØ Cem-ln-ø, 1906, `m. 24-˛25)


""JmØ-ap¬ Aºnbm Bb Xncp-\-_n-bpsS JØ-ap-∂p-_p-

∆-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-\mWv Rm≥. JØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆-Øn¬

hniz-kn-°mØ Bƒ Zo\n-√mØ Bfpw Ckvem-an¬ \n∂p

]pd-Øm-b-h\pw BsW-∂sX Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv F∂v

Xpd∂p ]kvXm-hn-®p-sIm-≈-s´.''

(X-Jvco¿ hmPn-_p¬ CA-vem≥ 1893, `m. 5)

""\ap°v A√mlp \¬In-bn- p≈ ]hm-N-I≥ JmØ-ap¬ apAv-

an-\o\pw JmØ-ap¬ Bcn- o\pw JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo\pw BIp-

∂p. A]-Im-cw-Xs∂ Ah≥ B Xncp-ta-\n°v Cd-°n-s°m-SpØ

KŸw Pman-D¬Ip-Xp_pw JmØ-ap¬ IpXp_pw BWv. \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ Bb-Xp-sIm≠v \p_p-∆Øv

B Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬ Ah-km-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, \p_p-∆Øv

Ah-km-\n-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xns‚ XmXv]cyw AXp tIhew

tijn-°m-Ø-hn[w HSp-ßn-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂-√... Rßƒ

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂n-

s√∂v Fs‚bpw Fs‚ A\p-N-c-kw-L-Øn-s‚bpw t]cn¬ ]pd-

s∏-Sp-hn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Bt£]w hºn® Hcp I‰p-sI- m-sW-∂p-

≈Xp ]tXyIw kvac-Wo-b-am-Wv. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n JmØ-ap-

∂-_n-øo≥ BsW∂v FX-amXw i‡n-tbmSpw ZrV-X-tbmSpw

Bflm¿∞-X-tbmSpw IqSn Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂pthm AXns‚

AWp-am-Xmw-i-sa-¶nepw Ah¿ (B-t£-]I¿) hniz-kn-°p-∂n-

√.... Rm≥ ]q¿Æ-lr-Z-b-tØmSpw D≈-dn™pw B ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hns\ JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv

A√mlp \√-hÆw Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Wv. JmØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆Øv

F∂-Xns‚ XmXv]cyw A√mlp kv]„-amb \ne-bn¬ F\n°v

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-cn-Ibpw B Bfl-⁄m-\-am-Ip∂ a[p-c-]m-

\o-b-Øn¬\n∂v Rm≥ khn-ti-j-amb Hcm-\µw A\p- -hn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p'' (A¬l-°w, 17.3.1905)

""AXyp-∂-X\pw aln-am-hm-\p-amb A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cn¬

kXyw sNbvXp-sIm≠p Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂p. Rm≥ Im^n-d-√. "em

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬14Ceml C√-√mlp apl-Ω-Zp¿d-kq-ep-√mln' F∂-XmWv Fs‚

hnizm-kw. "emIn≥ dkq-e√mln h JmØ-a-∂-_n-øo\' F∂-

XsX B Znhym-flm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Fs‚ Cuam≥. Fs‚

Cu ]kvXm-h\ kXy-am-sW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ A√m-lphn\p

FX \ma-ß-fpt≠m AXbpw ]mh-iyw, hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬

FX A£-c-ß-fpt≠m AXbpw ]mh-iyw, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-

bpsS DXvIr-„-X-Iƒ FX-bpt≠m AXbpw ]mh-iyw, A√m-

lphns‚ t]cn¬ Rm≥ kXyw sNbvXp-sIm-≈p-∂p. A√m-lp-

hn-s‚bpw dkq-en-s‚bpw Iev]-\°v FXn-cm-bn´p Rm≥ Hcp

hnizm-khpw ssIs°m-≠n- n-√. Aßs\ Bsc-¶nepw Icp-Xp-

∂p-sh-¶n¬ AX-bm-fpsS sX‰n-≤m-cW amXw! C\nbpw Fs∂

Bsc-¶nepw Im^n¿ F∂p hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw Fs∂ Im^n-dm-

°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂v ]n∑m-dm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ ac-

Wm-\-¥cw Abmƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw tNmZn-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂ kwKXn

Hm¿Øp-sIm-≈-s´.'' (I-dm-am-Øp- zm-Zn-Jo≥, 1894, `m. 25)

""Rm≥ apk¬am≥ BWv. A√m-lp-hns‚ KŸ-amb hnip-

≤-Jp¿-B-\nepw \ΩpsS bP-am-\-\mb apl-Ω-Zv A√m-lp-

hns‚ \_nbpw dkqepw F√m aX-ß-sf-°mfpw tijvT-amb

aXw sIm≠p-h∂ Bfpw BsW-∂-Xnepw Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-

∂p. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, B alm-flmhv JmØ-ap¬ Aºnbm

BsW∂pw Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.''

(a-hmln_p¿d-lvam≥, 1903, `m.66)

""GsXm-cmƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ KŸ-amb ]cn-ip-≤- Jp¿-Bs\

Pohn-X-]-am-W-ambn kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw Ahs‚ dkq¬ lZvdØv

apl-Ω-Zv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ JmØ-ap¬ Aºnbm BsW∂p

hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂pthm Abmsf A√mlp kvt\ln-

°p-∂p.'' (N-ivasb aA-cn-^. 1908, `m. 324)

""A√m-lp-hns‚ al-Xz-sØbpw ]`m-h-sØbpw kXyw

sNbvXp-sIm≠p Rm≥ ]d-bp∂p: Rm≥ apk¬am-\m-Wv. ]cn-

ip-≤-\mb A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ KŸ-ß-fnepw F√m


dkq¬am-cnepw F√m ae-°p-I-fnepw ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-

Ønepw Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. \ΩpsS dkq¬ lZvdØv apl-

ΩZv apkvX-^ F√m ]hm-N-I-∑m-sc-°mfpw tijvT-\m-

sW∂pw JmØ-ap¬-A-ºnbm BsW∂pw Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-

∂p.'' (l-am-a-Øp¬ _pivdm, 1894, `m 8)

Cu hnj-b-I-ambn lZvdØv Alva-Zp¬ JmZn-bm-\n Fgp-

Xn-b-Xn¬ \n∂v DZm-l-c-Wm¿∞w Aev]w Nne D≤c-WnIƒ

amX-amWv Rm≥ apI-fn¬ tN¿Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu kwK-Xn-

Xs∂ At±lw Xs‚ a‰p ]e KŸ-ß-fnepw Bh¿Øn-®m-

h¿Øn®p Fgp-Xn-bn- p-≠v.

kXyw CXm-bn-cn-s°. \n_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥

BsW∂p Alva-Zn-Iƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂n-s√∂pw JØ-ap-∂p-_p-

∆-Øns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cmWv Ah-sc∂pw ssZh- -bhpw \oXn-

t_m-[hpw C√mØ Bfp-Iƒ Bt£-]n-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah-

sc-∏‰n Alva-Zn-Iƒ°v ]d-bm-\p≈ kam-[m\w CX-am-X-am-

Wv. ]cn-ip-≤-\-_n "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' BsW∂v Bflm

¿∞-X-tbmSpw kXy-t_m-[-tØmSpw IqSn hniz-kn-°msX a‰p-

≈-hsc h©n-°m≥ th≠n amXw Aßs\ ]d-bp-∂-h-cmWv

Alva-Zn-I-fmb Rß-sf-¶n¬, Ifhv ]d™p a\p-jysc h©n-

°p-hm≥ ian-°p-∂-h¿°v A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬ \n∂p In´p∂

im] in£-I-sf√mw Rßƒ°v! F∂m¬, Xncp-\-_nsb JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂p ]q¿W-lr-Z-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn hniz-kn-°p-∂-

h-cm-bn´pw Ah¿ Aßs\ hniz-kn-°p-∂n-s√∂p Bt£-]n-

®p-sIm≠p P\-ßsf I_-fn-∏n-°m≥ ian-°p-∂-h¿ A√m-lp-

hns‚ AXn- -b-¶-c-amb im]-in-£sb b-s∏-tS-≠-XmWv!


Jp¿-B≥ \ΩpsS ]amWw\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ BsW∂p Alva-Zn-I-

fmb Rßƒ a‰m-tc-°mfpw Dd-t∏mSpw ]q¿W-lr-Z-b-tØmSpw

IqSn hniz-kn-°p-∂p. JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ ]Z-Øn\v CXc

apkvenw-Iƒ s]mXpsh \¬In-h-cp∂ hnh£ Rßƒ \¬Ip-

∂n-s√∂p amX-ta-bp-≈q. Aß-s\, a‰p-≈-h¿ \¬Ip∂ hnh£

Rßƒ AXn\p \¬Ip-∂n-s√-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Rßƒ Xncp-ta-

\nsb JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂p hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h-cm-bn-Øo-

cp∂p F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv XnI®pw A_-≤-am-Wv. Jp¿-B\v

hymJym\w ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ ]≠p-ap-Xevt° alm-∑m¿ `n∂m- n-

]m-b-ßƒ ]I-Sn-∏n-®p-h-∂n-´p-≠v. ]e hymJym-Xm-°fpw

\¬Inb hymJym-\-ßƒs°-Xn-cmbn a‰p Nne¿ hymJym\w

]d-™n- p-≈-Xmbpw ]q¿∆ hymJym-\-ßsf ]n∂o-Sp-h-∂-h¿

Jfin-®n- p-≈-Xmbpw ImWmw. X vko¿ KŸ-ß-sf-°p-dn®v

Aev]-sa-¶nepw Adn-hp-≈-h-cn¬\n∂v tKm]y-amb Hcp kwK-

Xn-b√ CXv. JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ ]Z-Øn\v Alva-Zn-Iƒ

hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp hymJym\w \¬Ip-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿

JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ÿm\-Øn¬ hniz-

kn-°m-Ø-hcpw Im n-dp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ lZvdØv Bbni

kn±o-Jg AS°w ]e ]apJ-tcbpw A]-Im-c-ap≈ hn[n°v

hnt[-b-cm-t°≠n hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. kXym-k-Xy-ßsf ]co-£n®p

t\m°m-\p≈ Dc-I√pw Xpe\w sNbvXp-t\m-°m-\p≈ Xpem pw

BWv Jp¿-B≥ F∂v B ]hnX KŸw Xs∂ Ah-Im-i-s∏-

Sp-∂p-≠v. AXp \ap°v ]Im-ihpw am¿§-Z¿i-\hpw BsW-

∂p- A-Xp-Xs∂ ]d-™p-X-cp-∂p. BI-bm¬ Xulo-Zns\ Ign-

®m¬ G‰hpw ][m-\-am-bn-cn-°p∂ "\p_q-∆-Øn's‚ ]iv\-

Øn¬ AXp \ap°v bmsXmcp \n¿t±-ihpw \¬Ip-∂n-s√∂p

Icp-Xp-hm≥ Xc-an-√. IqSmsX B ]hnX KŸ-Øns‚ Hcp


]tXy-I-X-bmbn AXp-Xs∂ ]d-™p-X-cn-I-bmWv:

""A√mlp G‰hpw \√ hrØm-¥sØ Cd-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

At\ym\yw kmZr-iy-ap-≈Xpw Bh¿Øn-°-s∏Sp∂-Xp-

amb KŸsØ'' (39:24).

Cu hmIy-Øn¬ Jp¿-B-s\-°p-dn®v A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-

∂-Xv, AXv G‰hpw \√ hrØm-¥-am-sW∂pw AXn¬ ]d-b-

s∏´ kwK-Xn-Iƒ H∂p at‰-Xn-t\mSp kmZr-iy-ap-≈Xpw Bh

¿Øn®p ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xpw BsW∂pw AsX. Cu

]kvXm-h-\-bpsS kXyw Jp¿-B-\n¬ ItÆm-Sn-°p-∂-h¿°v

kpkv]„w a\- n-em-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂-Xpam-Wv. AXn¬ Htc

hnjbw Xs∂ hmN-Im-¥-tcW Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v ]e

ÿe-ß-fnepw ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- p-Im-Wmw. Hcn-SØv ]d-™-

Xns‚ A¿∞w as‰m-cn-S-Øp≈ ]kvXm-h\ aptJ\ a\- n-em-

°m≥ Ign-bpw.

]hm-N-I-∑msc \ntbm-Kn-°pI F∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ k\m-

X-\-amb Hcp \nb-a-am-Wv. lZvdØv BZw \_n apXevt°

XpS¿∂p-h-∂n- p≈ Hcp \nb-a-am-Wn-Xv. a\p-jy-cpsS Pt∑m-t±iyw

]q¿Øn-bm-°m\pw Ahsc A√m-lp-hn-te°p ASp-∏n-

°m\pap≈ ssZho-I-amb Htc¿∏m-SmWv \p_q-∆-Øv. \_n-Xn-

cp-ta-\n-bv°p-tijw B G¿∏m-Sv, AYhm A√m-lp-hns‚ k\m-

X-\-amb Hcp \nbaw Zp¿∫-e-s∏- p-t]m-bn- p-s≠-¶n¬ B kwKXn

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥Xs∂ Ak-∂n-Kv≤-ambpw Bh¿Øn-®m-

h¿Øn®pw hnh-cn®p Xcp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, AXp \ne-

®p-t]mbn F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w ssZho-I-amb Hc-Xn-]-[m\ \nb-

aØn¬ hnπ-hm-fl-I-amb Hcp am‰w kw -hn®p F∂m-bn-cn-°p-a-

t√m. a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn¬ `b-¶c hg°pw `n∂n∏pw \p_p-

∆Øns‚ t]cn-em-Wp-≠m-bn- p-≈-Xv. A√m-lp-hns‚ kØ-sb

bpw GI-Xz-sØbpw Ipdn-®p≈ ]iv\-ßƒ Ign-®m¬ FXbpw

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬18Kuc-h-s∏´ ]iv\w \p_p-∆Øv Xs∂-bm-Wv. BI-bm¬ Xncp\-

_n-°p-tijw Hcp \_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√-∂m-sW-¶n¬ B kwK

Xn Jp¿-B≥ Xo¿®-bmbpw Jfin-X-amb \ne-bnepw Bh¿Øn-

®m-h¿Øn®pw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]d-tb-≠Xpw Xs∂. amX-a-√,

Jp¿-B≥Xs∂ (39:24) F∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠p

AXns‚ khn-ti-j-amb ]Xn-]m-Z\ coXnsb al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-

Ibpw sNbvXn- p-ap-≠v. AXm-bXv, At\ym\yw hnj-b-ßƒ°pw

hmIy-ßƒ°pw kmZr-iy-ap≈ Hcp KŸw BW-sX-∂v. klo-

lv _p-Jm-cn-bn¬ Cu ]kvXm-h-\bv°v \evI-s∏- n´p≈ A¿Yw

mfäeÃ–äeÃ–÷Êo]Öjù’‚mÐ ""AXns‚ Hcp- mKw as‰mcp `mKsØ

kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-hn-j-b-Øn¬ kmZr-iy-ap-≈-Xm-Wv.'' F∂-X-

sX. lZvdØv C_v\p A∫m-kv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xpw Cu

A¿Yw Xs∂-bmWv (Zp¿dp¬ a≥kq¿, hmfyw 5, `m. 325)

_pJm-cn-bpsS hymJym-\-amb Xvlp¬ _mcn m’‚ùÑeÃ–äeÃ–^""AXns‚ Hcp `mKw as‰mcp `mKsØ kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p''

F∂pw A¿Yw \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. (hmeyw 8, mKw 445). lZvdØv

kCu-Zp_v\p Ppss_¿ \evInb A¿∞w mËŠù†eÃ–äeÃ–^""AXns‚ Hcp `mKw as‰mcp `mKsØ hymJym-\n-°p∂p''

F∂sX (Zp¿dp¬ a≥kq¿, hmeyw 5, `mKw 325).

BI-bm¬, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw A√mlp Btcbpw

\p_p∆-Øv ]Z-hn-sIm≠v Bin¿h-Zn-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw B A\p-

K-l-I-hmSw Fs∂-t∂-°p-ambn AS-™p-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p F

∂p-amWv JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂-Xns‚ XmXv]-cy-sa-¶n¬,

Xo¿®-bmbpw Jp¿-B≥ B kwK-Xn-sb-∏‰n a‰p ]e ÿe-ß-

fnepw A]-Imcw hy‡-am-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ JmØ-ap-

∂-_n-øo≥ F∂-Xns‚ hnh£ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n F√m \ne-

bnepw Ah-km-\sØ \_n-bm-sW∂pw B Znhym-flm-hn-\p-

tijw Hcp \_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√∂pw BsW∂p sXfn-bn-°p∂

Hscm‰ hmIyhpw Jp¿-B-\n¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. Alva-Zn-ø-

Øns‚ FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ°m-Is´ JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ Hscm‰


]Zw amXta Nq≠n-°m- m-\p-≈q. AXn\p Ah¿ \evIp∂ A¿

Y-am-Is´ Jp¿-B≥ aptJ\ sXfn-bn-°m-\m-Im-Ø-Xp-am-Wv. CXn-

s∂-Xn-cn¬, JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ Bb Xncp-\-_n-°p-ti-jhpw

]hm-N-I≥ hcm-sa∂p sXfn-bn-°p∂ \nc-h[n Bb-Øp-Iƒ

Jp¿-B-\n¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ hmNy-ambpw

kqNy-ambpw Cu kwKXn hnh-cn-®p-X-cp-∂p-s≠∂pw ImWmw.

\p_p∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-K-l-Øns‚ IhmSw AS-™p-t]m-bn-

´n-s√∂pw Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw \_n hcp-sa∂pw Jp¿B≥

]Tn-∏n-®p-X-cp-tºmƒ Cu kXy-Øn-s∂-Xn-cmb Hc¿Yw JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ ]Z-Øn\p sImSp-°p-∂Xv Hcn-°epw \ymb-

a-√.

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ BsW∂v A√mlp

Ahs‚ ]cn-ip-≤ -K-Ÿ-Øn-emWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXns‚

A¿Yw Ah-km-\sØ \_n F∂m-sW-¶n¬ Xncp-\-_n-bv°p-

ti-jhpw \_n hcp-sa∂p ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂Xpw sXfn-bn-°p-

∂-Xp-amb hmIy-ßƒ k¿∆-⁄-\mb A√mlp ]cn-ip-≤-Jp¿-

B-\n¬ Hcn-°epw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. A√m-lp-

hns‚ hN-\-Øns‚ icn-bmb XmXv]cyw F¥m-sW∂v G‰hpw

A[nIw Adn-bp-∂Xpw A√mlp Xs∂-bm-W-t√m. \_n hcn-I-

bn-s√∂p hy‡-am-°p∂ Bb-Øp-Iƒ°p ]Icw \_n hcp-

sa∂p sXfn-bn-°p∂ Bb-Øp-Iƒ Ah≥ AhX-cn∏n®

Xn¬\n∂p a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xp "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂ ]Z-

Øns‚ A¿Yw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬ A¥y-]-hm-N-I≥ F∂-

s√-∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. A√m-lp-Xs∂ \ap°v hy‡-am-°n-Ø-∂n-

´p-≈-Xn\p hn]-co-X-amb Hc¿Yw AXn\p \evIp-∂Xv Jp¿-Bs‚

hn[nsb [n°-cn-°-em-Wv. IqSmsX hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬

sshcp≤yw D≠m-bn-cn-°m≥ ]mSn√ F∂pw B ]hnX KŸw

Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. AXp ]d-bp∂p:


""Fs¥, Ah¿ Jp¿-B-\n¬ KmV-ambn Nn¥n-®p-t\m-°p

∂nt√? AXp A√mlp A√m-Ø-h-\n¬\n-∂m-sW-¶n¬,

Ah¿ AXn¬ H -[nIw sshcp-≤y-ßƒ It≠-t\.'' (4:83).

BI-bm¬, Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]c-kv]-c-ssh-cp≤yw Ds≠∂p hcp-

Øp∂ Hc¿Yw JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ ]Z-Øn\v Hcn-°epw

\evIm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv.

"JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw Ah-km-\sØ \_n

F∂m-sW∂pw B Znhym-flm-hn-\p-tijw Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈

]hm-N-I\pw temIØv C\n hcp-∂-X√ F∂mWv AXns‚

hnh-£-sb∂pw Alva-Zn-ø-Øns‚ FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p. AX-

√, "]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS apZ F∂mWv AXns‚ A¿Y-sa-∂pw,

Xncp-\-_n kIe ]hm-N-I-∑m-tc-°mfpw tijvT\pw ]hm-

N-I-Xz-Øns‚ F√m ]q¿W-X-Ifpw XnI™ \_nbpw BsW-

∂pw, Xncp-\-_n-bpsS km£y-ap-Z-Iq-SmsX Hcmƒ°pw ]hm-N-

I-Xz-]-Zhn e`y-am-Ip-∂-X-s√∂pw B Znhym-flmhv Ah-km-\sØ

\ymb-]-am-W-hm-l-I-\mb \_n-bm-sW∂pw BWv AXns‚

hnh-£-sb∂pw Alva-Zn-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p. Cu c≠p ]kvXm-h-

\-I-fn¬ AYhm hymJym-\-ß-fn¬ GXn-s\-bmWv hnip-≤-

Jp¿-B≥ kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv F∂mWv \mw Nn¥n-t°-≠n-bn-

cn-°p-∂-Xv. B ]hn-X-K-Ÿw, GX¿∞sØ icn-sb∂p a\-

n-em-°n-Ø-cn-Ibpw kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂pthm B

A¿∞w Xs∂-bm-bn-cn°pw JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂-Xns‚

bYm¿∞-amb A¿∞hpw hnh-£-bpw. hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs\ ASn-

ÿm-\-am°n amXta Rm≥ Cu hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®v ChnsS

]Xn-]m-Zn-°m≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂p-≈q. hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ ]Y-ahpw

][m-\-hp-amb ]am-W-K-Ÿ-am-bn-cn-°-bm¬ AXns‚ hn[n°v

Xe-Ip-\n-°m≥ apkvenw F∂-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ GsXm-cmfpw

_m[y-ÿ-\m-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ AXp apgp-h\pw If-¶tam

Ie¿t∏m C√mØ ip≤-amb ssZh-h-N-\-ß-f-sX.


hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mT-ßƒ ]q¿W-lr-Z-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn kzoI-

cn-t°-≠-Xn-s\-∏‰n Alva-Znøm ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ÿm]-I-cmb

Alva-Zp¬Jm-Zn-bm-\n Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Isf D]-tZ-in-®n- p-

≈-Xn-]-Im-c-am-Wv.

""\nßƒ Ahiyw kzoI-cn-t°≠ Hcp-]-tZiw CXsX: hnip-

≤-Jp¿-Bs\ \nßƒ Dt]-£n-°-s∏´ H∂mbn X≈-cp-Xv. Fs¥-

∂m¬ \nß-fpsS PohnXw AXn-emWv ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-Xv. hnip-

≤-Jp¿-B\v _lpam\w \evIp∂h≥ ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ _lp-

am-\n-°-s∏-Spw. F√m lZo-kp-I-sf-°mfpw as‰√m hN-\-ß-sf-

°mfpw Jp¿-B\v ÿm\w \evIp-∂ph\v ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬

D∂-X-ÿm\w \evI-s∏-Spw. a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn\v qap-JØp

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ A√msX as‰mcp KŸ-an-√. BZw k¥-Xn-

Iƒ°v qap-JØv apl-ΩZv apkvX- A√msX as‰mcp dkqepw

ip]m¿i-I\pw C√. BI-bm¬, B aln-am-hm-\mb ]hm-N-I-

t\mSp bYm¿∞ kvt\lw ]pe¿Øm≥th≠n \nßƒ ian-

°p-hn≥. a‰m¿°pw-Xs∂ B ]pWym-flm-hn-s\-°m-f-[nIw _lp-

am\w \nßƒ \evI-cp-Xv. F∂m¬ \nßƒ ssZh-Øn-¶¬

tam£w ]m]n-®-h-cmbn FÆ-s∏-Spw.'' (In-ivXn-\q-lv, 1902, m.23)

hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ hn[n-Isf Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ C]-Imcw

A\p-k-cn-°-W-sa∂p ]Tn-∏n® lZvdØv Alva-Zp¬ JmZn-bm-

\nbpw At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n "JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥' BsW∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂n-s√∂p Bsc-¶nepw

]d-bp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-Xhpw AI-a-]-chpamb

Hcm-t£]w amX-am-Ip-∂p.

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ Iemapw apkvenwIƒ°p≈

AJ-fi-amb ]am-Whpw BsW∂v a\- n-em-Ip-tºmƒ AXp

]d-bp-∂ kwK-Xn-Iƒ \mw kzoI-cn-t°-≠Xp \ΩpsS [¿Ω-am-

W-t√m. Aßs\ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv \ΩpsS ]q¿∆-hn-izm-k-

ßƒs°-Xn-cm-bn-cp-∂m-epw, qcn-]£ hnizm-k-Øn¬\n∂v n∂-

am-bn-cp-∂mepw icn CXn-s\-Xn-cm-bn, ]q¿∆-hn-izm-k-Øn¬ iTn®p

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬22\nev°p-Itbm qcn-]-£-hn-izm-ksØ \ne-\n¿Øm≥ Hcp-ßp-

Itbm sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B hnip-≤-K-Ÿ-Øns‚ hn[nsb

\mw \n m-c-am-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-bn-cn°pw A¿Yw.

blq-Zn-Iƒ Xudm-Øns\ ]pdw-X-≈p-Ibpw `uXn-I-t\-´-

ßƒ°pw Imcy-em- -ßƒ°p-ambn AXns\ AK-Wy-am-°p-Ibpw

AXn-te°p £Wn-°phm≥ h∂ ]hm-N-I-∑msc I≈-hm-Zn-I-

fm°n X≈p-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v hnip-≤-Jp¿-

B≥ hy‡-amb \ne-bn¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. Jp¿-Bs‚ A\p-bm-

bn-Iƒ blq-Zn-I-fpsS Ime-Sn-Isf ]n¥p-S-ccp-Xv F∂pw Jp¿B≥

D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. AXv Hcn-SØv ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

""BI-bm¬ \nßƒ a\p-jysc `b-s∏-SmsX Fs∂ `b-

s∏-Sp-hn≥! Fs‚- h-N-\-ßƒ°v ]I-c-ambn \nßƒ Xp—-

hne hmßcpXv; A√mlp Cd-°n-b-Xp-sIm≠v hn[n-°m-Ø-

h¿ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmWv. (5:45).

ho≠pw ]d-bp∂p:

""Xo¿®-bmbpw ssiØm-\mWv Ahs‚ Iq´p-Im-cn¬ b-ap-

≠m-°p-∂-Xv. BI-bm¬, \nßƒ Ahsc `b-s∏-SmsX

Fs∂ b-s∏-Sphn≥; \nßƒ hnizm-kn-I-fm-sW-¶n¬''

(3:176).

Cu Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ \sΩ -DZvt_m-[n-∏n°p-∂Xv hnip-

≤-Jp¿-B≥ a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp∂ GsXmcp kwK-Xnbpw \mw

kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂pw `qcn-]-£sØ `b-s∏-Sp-Itbm


`uXnI Imcy-em- -Øn-\mbn Jp¿-Bs‚ hn[nsb X≈p-Itbm

sNø-cp-sX∂pw Aßs\ sNøp-∂Xv Hcn-°epw Cuams‚ e£-

W-am-bn-cn-°-bn-s√-∂p-am-Wv.

BI-bm¬, \p_p∆Øv hnj-b-Øn¬ Jp¿-B≥ \¬Ip∂

]mT-sa-¥m-sW∂v Ah-[m-\-X-tbmsS \ap-s°m∂p Nn¥n-°mw.

apl-ΩZv apkvX- m Xncp-ta-\n°p tijw Hcp Xc-Øn-ep≈

\_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√-∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ hnhn[ ÿe-ß-fn-embn

a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-sX-¶n¬ "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xns‚

hnh£ Xncp-ta-\n-°p-tijw bmsXmcp \_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√∂p

Xs∂-bm--bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬, adn-®mWv Jp¿-B-\n¬\n∂p a\-

n-em-Ip-∂-sX-¶ntem \_n-amsc \ntbm-Kn-°p-I-sb∂ A√m-

lp-hns‚ \nb-a-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø\w \ne-®p-t]m-b- n-s√∂pw

Ah≥ C—n-°p-tºmƒ \_n-amsc \ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw

"JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xns‚ hnh£ Hcp \_nbpw hcn-I-

bn-s√∂pw kΩ-Xn-°p-Itb Xc-ap-≈q. Aßs\ kΩ-Xn-°p-∂Xv

`qcn- mKw P\-ßƒ°pw Aln-X-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂mepw uXn-I-t\-

-ßƒ°v lm\n-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂mepw icn! BI-bm¬, hcp-hn≥,

Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mTw F¥m-sW∂p \ap-s°m∂p ]cn-tim-[n°mw!


H∂v\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw AYhm Jp¿-Bs‚ Bhn¿`m-h-

Øn\p-tijw ]hm-N-Im-h-Xmcw \ne-®p-t]mbn Ft∂m A√mlp

C\n Btcbpw ]hm-N-I-\mbn \ntbm-Kn-°p-I-bn-s√t∂m hnip-

≤-Jp¿-B≥ Hcn-SØpw ]d-bp-∂n-√. hy‡-amb Xc-Øn¬

Aßs\ ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂n-s√∂p amX-a-√, B Imcyw kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂p-an-√. lZvdØv BZ-ans‚ Imew apX¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-

\n-bpsS Imew-hsc A√mlp ]e tZi-ß-fnepw Zi-I-fnepw ]hm-

N-I-∑msc \ntbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ aX-tem-

IØv G‰hpw ]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p∂ Hcp ]iv\-am-Wn-Xv. Fs¥-

∂m¬ a\p-jy-cmin kXysØ kzoI-cn-°p-Itbm X≈p-Itbm

sNøm-\n-S-bm-b-Xpw, kap-Zm-b-ßƒ XΩn¬ n∂n-°p-Ibpw Ie-

ln-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xpw, Ncn-X-]-[m-\-amb ]e kw -h-ßƒ

temIØv \S-∂Xpw ]hm-NI \ntbm-KsØ XpS¿∂m-Wv. Aß-

s\-bp≈ Hcp ][m\ Znhy-N´w \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°p tijw \ne-

®p-t]m-bn- p-s≠-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw B hn-ip-≤-KŸw hfsc

hy‡-ambn AXp-kw-_-‘n®p ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-t°-≠-Xm-bn-cp-

∂p. F∂m¬, Jp¿-B-\n¬ Hcn-SØpw ]hm-N-Im-h-Xmcw \ne-

®p-t]m-bn- p-s≠∂p ]kvXm-hn-®n- n-√. adn-®v, B Znhy-\n-baw

\ne-hn-ep-s≠∂pw Ahs‚ A]m-c-amb ⁄m\-a-\p-k-cn®v

Bhiyw t\m°n B \nb-asØ Ah≥ ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬

sIm≠p-h-cp-sa-∂p-amWv AXp a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. DZm-l-c-

W-ambn A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv:


""A√mlp \nßƒ°v A[n-I-amb ]tcm£ kwK-Xn-Iƒ

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-cp-∂-X-√. ]t£, A√mlp Xm≥ C—n-

°p-∂-hsc Xs‚ ZqXcmbn Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. BI-

bm¬, \nßƒ A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ ZqX∑mcnepw hniz-

kn-°p-hn≥. \nßƒ hn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw ‡n-am¿§sØ Ah-

ew-_n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]£w \nßƒ°v al-Ømb ]Xn-

-e-ap-≠v.'' (3:180)

ChnsS A√mlp \nßƒ°v ]tcm-£-amb Imcy-ßsf Adn-

bn-®p-X-cp-∂-h-\√ F∂p ]d-™-Xns\ XpS¿∂v "]s£', F∂p

tN¿Øp-sIm≠v Ah≥ ]hm-N-I-∑msc Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv F∂m-Wt√m ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]tcm-

£-kw-K-Xn-Isf A√mlp kmam-\y-P-\-ßƒ°v t\cn v Adn-bn-

®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw Ahs‚ hcnjvTcmb ]hm-N-I-∑m¿

aptJ-\-bmWv Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-sb∂pw Aß-s\-bp≈

]hm-N-I-∑msc Ah≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-sW-

∂p-amWv hy‡-amb mj-bn¬ Cu hmNIw hgn hnip-≤-Jp¿-

B≥ a\- n-em-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-KsØ

kw_-‘n® ssZhnI\nbaw Xncp-\-_n-tbm-Sp-IqSn Zp¿∫-e-s∏´p

t]mb-n´n-s√∂pw AXv- C-t∏mgpw _e-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂p-s≠∂pw

Xs∂-bmWv CXns‚ hnh-£. ChnsS mrjfo (b-PvX-_o) F∂pw

m«ðö (b-im-D) F∂p-am-Wt√m ]bp-‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ch

h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-tØbpw mhn-Im-e-tØbpw Ipdn-°p∂ ]Z-ß-

fm-sW-∂Xv Ahn-X¿°n-X-am-Wv. Cu BbØv Cd-ßp-∂-Xn\v

FXtbm sIm√-ßƒ°p apºp-Xs∂ \_n Xncp-ta-\nsb

A√mlp Xs‚ Xncp-Zq-X-cmbn Xnc-s™-SpØp Ign-™p-t]m-b-

Xp-sIm≠v CXv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-tbtbm Xncp-ta-\n°v apºp-I-

gn-™p-t]mb ]hm-N-I-∑m-tctbm kqNn-∏n-®p-≈-Xm-Im≥ Xc-an-

√. BI-bm¬, Xncp-ta-\n°v tij-ap≈ Ime-sØ-Ø-s∂-bmWv

AXp hy‡-ambpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂p Icp-tX-≠n-bn-cn-°p-

∂p. ]qjfFo (C-PvX-_m) Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp˛ F∂pw «ð (im-A)- -

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬26C-—n-®p˛ F∂pw BWv ]d-™-sX-¶n¬ AXp Xncp-ta-\n-tbbpw

Xncp-ta-\n°v apºv Ah-X-cn® ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcbpw Dt±-in-®p-≈-

Xm-sW∂v Icp-Xm-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, ]qjfFo F∂p ]d-bp-∂-

Xn-\p-]-Icw mrjfo F∂pw «ð F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn\p ]Icw

m«ðö F∂pw hy‡-ambn ]kvXm-hn-®p-sIm≠v Cu Xnc-s™-

Sp∏v Xncp-ta-\n°v tij-ap≈ ImesØ kw_-‘n-°p-∂-Xm-

sW∂v ChnsS A√mlp kv]„-am-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu

hmIyw ]q¿∆-Im-eØp \S∂ Hcp kw -hsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-

Xp-a-√. Aß-s\-b-sW-¶n¬, mrjfo F∂p ]d-™Xv B ]q¿∆-

Im-esØ kw_-‘n-®m-sW∂pw AXp Jp¿-B-\p-ti-j-ap≈

ImesØ _m[n-°p-∂-X-s√∂pw Icp-Xm-am-bn-cp-∂p.

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ qX-Im-eØv \S∂ Xnc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-sf-

°p-dn®v ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-t -S-sØ√mw ]bp-‡-ambncn°p-∂Xv

]qjfFo (Xn-c-s™-Sp-Øp) F∂ ]Z-amWv. mrjfo F∂ ]Zw ]bp-

‡ambn´p-≈-Xm-Is´ Ahs‚ \nc-¥cw \S-∂p-sIm≠n-cn-°p∂

Xnc-s™-Sp-∏p-\n-b-a-sØ-°p-dn-®m-Wv. mrjfo F∂ ]Zw hnip-≤-

Jp¿-B-\n¬ aq∂v ÿe-ØmWv ]bp‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. H∂v

apI-fn¬ D≤-cn® Bb-Øn¬X-s∂. c≠v 42- mw kqd 14- mw hmIy-

Øn¬. AXn¬ A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv,

""A√mlp Ah≥ C—n-°p-∂-hsc X\n-°mbn Xn-cs™

Sp°p-Ibpw (A-h-¶-te-°v) Xncn-bp-∂-h¿°v Ah-\n-te-

°p≈ am¿§-Z¿i\w \evIp-Ibpw sNøp∂p'' F∂-sX.

ChnsS ssZh-Øn-¶-te°v Xncn-bp-∂-h¿°v Ah≥ am¿§-

Z¿i\w \evIp∂p F∂p ]d-™Xp F]-Imcw am‰-an-√m-ØXpw

]h¿Ø-\-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb ssZhn-I-\n-b-a-amtWm A]-

Im-cw-Xs∂ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂p F∂p ]d-™Xpw Ahs‚ am‰-

an-√mØ \nb-a-am-sW-∂mWv a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. aq∂v, 12- mw kqd

7˛mw hmIy-Øn¬: ChnsS mrjfnÔ…eùÔ ""\ns‚ \mY≥ \ns∂

Xnc-s™-Sp°pw'' F∂v bA-v°q_v \_n Xs‚ aI≥


bqkp v \_n-tbmSv ]d-™-Xns\ A√mlp FSp-Øp-≤-cn-

®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. bA-v°q-_v \_n Aßs\ ]d-bp-tºmƒ

AXv qX-Im-e- kq-N-I-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. mhn-Im-e- kq-N-I-am-bn-cp-

∂p. bA-v°q-_v \-_n Xs‚ aI-t\mSp ]d-™Xp kw -hn-

°m-\n-cp∂ Hcp Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-s\-°p-dn-®m-bn-cp-∂p. BI-bm¬

F∂v A√mlp Jp¿B-\n¬ ]d-™-Xv,

Jp¿-Bs‚ Bhn¿`m-h-Øn-\p-tijw \S-°p∂ Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-

s\-°p-dn-®p-X-s∂-bm-sW∂v sXfn-bp-∂p.

amX-a-√, Úài«ð ""Ah≥ C—n-°p∂'' F∂ ]tbmKw aptJ\

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂Xp ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-

KsØ kw_-‘n® A√m-lp-hns‚ \nbaw Zp¿∫-e-s∏- p-t]m-

sb∂p Icp-Xmt\ \nhr-Øn-bn-s√-∂m-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, hnip-

≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ Úàmù«ð , Úài«ð F∂n-ßs\ ]bp-‡-am-bn-cn-

°p-t∂-S-sØ√mw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂Xpw

\ne-®p-t]m-bn- n-√mØXpamb \nb-a-ß-sf-°p-dn®p amX-amWv

Ah≥ ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn.

"A√mlp Ah\n—n°p-∂-hsc t\¿h-gn-bn-em-°p∂p'(2:214).

""A√mlp Ah≥ C„-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v Cc- n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p''

(2:262).

""Ah≥ C„-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v ⁄m\sØ sImSp-°p∂p''

(2:270).

""Ah≥ C—n-°p-∂-h¿°v s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw C—n-

°p-∂-hsc in£n°pIbpw sNøp-∂p'' (2:285).

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬28""Ah≥ C„-s∏-Sp-∂-hsc Xs‚ Imcp-Wyw- sIm≠v ]tXy-

I-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p'' (3:75)

""\o C—n-°p-∂-h¿°pw c-Wm-[n-Imcw \evIp-∂p, \o C—n-

°p-∂-h-cn¬\n∂p c-Wm-[n-Imcw FSp-Øp-I-f-bp-∂p.'' (3:27)

""\o C—n-°p-∂-h¿°v IW-°n-√msX hn -h-ßƒ \evIp-∂p''

(3:28).

Cßs\ A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn®v "Ah≥ C—-°p-∂-h¿°v, "\o

C—n-°p-∂-h¿°v' F∂n-ßs\ Jp¿-B-\n¬ \nc-h[n ÿe-ß-

fn¬ ]kvXm-hn®p ImWmw. B ÿe-ß-fn-se√mwXs∂ F∂pw

XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Ahs‚ \nb-a-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv ]d-b-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah≥ t\¿hgn ImWn-°p-∂Xpw hn -h-ßƒ

\evIp-∂Xpw A\p-Klw sNmcn-bp-∂-Xpw, cWw \evIp-∂-Xpw,

`cWw FSp-Øp-I-f-bp-∂Xpw F√mw Ign-™p-t]mb kw -h-ßƒ

amX-am-sW∂p ]d-bm-sa-¶n¬ amXsa ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-KsØ

kw_-‘n-°p∂ Ahs‚ \nb-ahpw qX-Im-esØ amXw kw_-

‘n-®-Xm-sW∂p ]d-bm≥ ]‰p-I-bp≈q. Fs¥-∂m¬ ta¬ kwK-

Xn-I-tfbpw AXp-t]m-ep≈ a‰p Imcy-ß-tf-bpw-Ip-dn®v "XimD'

"bimD' F∂n-ßs\ ]tbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠v am‰-an-√m-ØXpw \ne-

®p-t]m-bn- n-√m-ØXpw A\p-kyq-X-ambn XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-

∂-Xp-amb Ahs‚ \nb-a-ß-fm-W-h-sb∂v F]-Imcw hnip-≤-

Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂pthm AtX-]-Im-cw- Xs∂bmWv

Úài«ð F∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠v \ne-®p-t]m-bn- n-√mØ Ahs‚

Hcp \nb-a-am-W-sX∂v A√mlp a\- n-em-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Cßs\ ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-K-sØ-°p-dn-®v, AXv \ne-®p-t]mb N -

a-s√∂v A√mlp hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬ hy‡-am-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-

s°, B ]-hnXKŸ-Øn¬ Bflm¿∞-X-tbmSpw ]q¿W-lr-Z-

b-tØmSpw IqSn hnizmkw sIm≈p∂ AlvaZn-Iƒ°v


AXns∂Xn-cmbn hniz-kn-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-sX-ßs\? ]hm-N-

I-\n-tbmKw Ah-km-\n-®p-t]m-sb∂p hniz-kn-°m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠p

Rßsf Bt£-]n-°p-Ibpw A[n-t£-]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-

h-cpsS lnX-Øn-\p- h-gßn Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mT-Øn-s∂-Xn-cmbn

]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw \ne-®p-t]m-sb∂p Rßƒ G‰p-]-d-bp-Itbm

th≠-Xv, AX-√, F√m FXn¿∏p-I-tfbpw A[n-t£-]-ß-tf-bpw,

XrW-h¬K-Wn-®p-sIm≠v Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mT-Øn¬ Dd-®p-\n-ev°p-

Itbm? hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ AJ-fi-amb ]am-W-am-sW-∂pw, Jp¿-

B-\n¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip∂ kwKXn F¥p-hn-e-sIm-SpØpw

kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂pw k¿∆m-fl\m hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿

C°m-cy-Øn¬ Hcp hn[n ]d-bs´!

A√mlp Ah≥ C—n-°p-∂-hsc ZqX-∑m-cmbn \ntbm-Kn-°p∂-

Xm-sW∂p ]d-™-Xns\ XpS¿∂v, "\nßƒ A√m-lp-hnepw

Ahs‚ ZqX-∑m-cnepw hniz-kn-°p-hn≥' F∂p A\p-im-kn-®p-

sIm≠v mhn-bn¬ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ZqX-∑m-cnepw hniz-kn-

°p-Ibpw Ah¿°v hgn-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNtø-≠Xp \ΩpsS IS-a-

bm-sW∂pw Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ amXsa al-Ømb ]Xn- ew

e`n-°p-I-bp-≈q-sh-∂p-amWv Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv.

hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ Cu hy‡-amb ]mT-Øn-s∂-Xn-cm-bn, C\n-

sbmcp \_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√∂pw htc-≠p∂ Bh-iy-an-s√∂pw

Aßs\ hcp-∂-hsc hniz-kn-t°-≠-Xn-s√∂pw a‰pw ]d-bp-

∂Xv Jp¿-Bs‚ Iev]-\-Isf \nc-kn-°-e-√msX kzoI-cn-°-em-

hp-∂-sX-ßs\?


c≠vhnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ A√mlp as‰m-cn-SØv ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

""A√mlp ae-°p-I-fn¬\n∂pw a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂pw ZqX-

∑msc Xnc-s™Sp°p∂-Xm-Wv. \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp

tIƒ°p-∂-h\pw Adn-bp-∂-h\pw AsX'' (22:76)

Cu hmIy-Ønepw ]‘_ËFo Xnc-s™-SpØp F∂p ]d-bp-∂-

Xn\p ]Icw m’_Ëo Xnc-s™-Sp°pw F∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠v

]hm-N-I-\n-tbmK \nbaw _e-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-∂mWv Jp¿-

B≥ hy‡-am-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-tbbpw

Xncp-ta-\n°p apºp-h∂ ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcbpw Ipdn-®mWv ChnsS

]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ ]‘_ËFo "Xnc-s™-SpØp'

F∂ ]Zw ]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, Aß-s\-b√

ChnsS ]bp-‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv ]kvXpX hmIyw qX-Im-eØp

\S∂ Hcp kw -hsØ Ipdn-°p-∂-Xp-a-√. `mhn-tbbpw kw_-

‘n-°p∂ Hcp ssZhn-I-N- -sØ-°p-dn-®m-Wn-hnsS hy‡-am-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂v hniz-kn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Chn-sS, a\p-

jy-sc ZqX-∑m-cmbn \ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n ]d-bp-∂-Xn-∂p-

apºv ae-°p-Isf ZqX-∑m-cmbn \nb-an-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv

]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. BI-bm¬ a\p-jysc A√mlp ZqX-∑m-cmbn

\ntbm-Kn-°p-∂Xp \n¿Ø¬ sNø-s∏- p-t]m-bn- p-s≠∂v Icp-

Xp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ ae-°p-Isf ZqX-∑m-cmbn

\ntbm-Kn-°p-∂Xpw \ne-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p kΩ-Xn-

t°≠n hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. ae-°psI kw_-‘n® \nbaw \n¿Ø¬

sNø-s∏- n- p-s≠∂p Bcpw-Xs∂ hniz-kn-°p-∂n-√. adn-®v, ae-

°p-Iƒ aptJ\ sNøp∂ ]hr-Øn-Iƒ Ahsc \ntbm-Kn-®p-


sIm≠v A√mlp \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-∂mWv F√m-

hcpw hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu kwKXn hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]e

ÿe-ß-fnepw kv]„-am-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xp-am-Wv.- A-ß-s\bncns°,

a\p-jysc ZqX-∑m-cmbn \ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xp-amXw \ne-®p-t]m-

sb∂p Fßs\ ]dbpw? A√mlp \ntbm-Kn-®-b-°p∂ ]hm-

N-I-∑msc "dkq¬' (Zq-X-∑m¿) F∂p ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se-X-s∂,

Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p∂ Imcy-\n¿∆-l-Wm¿∞w \ntbm-Kn-°p∂

"ae-°p-'Isf°pdn®pw "dkq¬' (Zq-X-∑m¿) F∂v hnip-≤-Jp¿-

B-\n¬ ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n- p-≠v. ae-°p-I-

fmb B ZqX-∑m-cpsS \ntbmKw \ne-®n- n-s√∂p A`n-]m-b-t -Z-

at\y F√m apkvenw-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p. B ÿnXn-°v, a\p-

jy-cmb ZqX-∑m-cpsS \ntbmKw C\n-sbm-cn-°epw D≠m-hp-I-bn-

s√∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xp- Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mT-am-Ip-∂-sX-ßs\? Jp¿-B-

\m-Is´ ta¬Im-Wn® Bb-Øn¬ ae-°p-I-tfbpw a\p-jy-tcbpw

A√mlp Ahs‚ ZqX-∑m-cmbn \nb-an-°p-sa-∂mWv hy‡-ambn

]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]‘_ËFo (Xn-c-s™-Sp-Øp) F∂-Xn-\p-

]-Icw m’_Ëo (Xn-c-s™-Sp-°pw) F∂ ]Zw ]tbm-Kn-°p-I-

bpw, "a\p-jy-cn¬\n∂pw' F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn-∂p-apºv "ae-°p-I-

fn¬\n∂pw' F∂v ]kvXm-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v ae-°p-

I-tfbpw a\p-jy-tcbpw kw_-‘n® Cu \nbaw _e-Øn-en-cn-

°p-∂p-s≠∂pw AXp Zp¿∫-e-s∏- p-t]m-bn- n-s√∂pw Jp¿-B≥

hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-tºmƒ, Jp¿-B-\n¬ ASn-bp-d®p

hniz-kn-°p∂ Alva-Zn-Iƒ°v AXn-s∂-Xn-cmbn hniz-kn-°m≥

Ign-bp-∂-sX-ßs\? Jp¿-Bs‚ hy‡-amb ]mTsØ Rßƒ

kzoI-cn-®Xv Bt£-]m¿l-amtWm? F∂p \oXn-am-∑m¿ KmV-

ambn Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ]hmNI \ntbm-K-\n-baw \ne-®p-t]m-

Itbm Zp¿∫-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- n-s√∂p hnip-≤-

Jp¿-B≥ kv]„-am-°n-Øcp∂ ÿnXn°v "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥'

F∂-Xns‚ hnh£ ]hm-N-I-ti-jvT-cmb Xncp-\_n°p-tijw

Hcp ]hm-N-I\pw hcn-I-bn-s√-∂m-sW∂v Icp-Xp-∂Xv _p≤n-

]q¿∆hpw \ymb-hp-am-Ip-∂-sX-ßs\?


aq∂v\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw ]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw Ah-km-\n®p

t]mbn- n-s√-∂pw, "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xns‚ hnh-£, B

Znhym-flm-hn-\p-tijw Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ ]hm-N-I\pw \ntbm-

Kn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√-∂-s√∂pw hy‡-amb \ne-bn¬ a\- n-em-

°n-Ø-cp∂ as‰mcp Jp¿-B≥ hmIyw CXmWv

""BZw k¥-Xn-Itf, Fs‚ Bb-Øp-Iƒ \nßƒ°v hnh-cn-

®p-X-cp∂ \nß-fn¬ \n-∂p≈ dkq¬am¿ \nß-fpsS ASp-

°-te°v hcp-∂-Xm-bm ¬, `‡nsb Ah-ew-_n-°p-Ibpw

k¬I¿Ωw sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿ b-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√; Ah¿

hyk-\n-°p-I-bp-an√'' (7:36)

Cu hmIyw hy‡-amb Xc-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv,

]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-KsØ kw_-‘n® A√m-lp-hns‚ \nbaw

\n¿Ø¬ sNø-s∏-´n-´n-s√∂pw Xncp-ta-\n-°p-tijhpw B

\nbaw _e-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-am-Wv. Chn-sS, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-

\n°p apºp-h∂ GtXm Hcp ]hm-N-I≥ aptJ\ B ImesØ

a\p-jysc kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm≠v A√mlp \evIn-bn-cp∂

Hcm-⁄sb FSp-Øp-]-d-™-X-√. Jp¿-B≥ B¿°m-bn- -h-X-cn-

®pthm Ahsc kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm-≠v, "Hm, BZw k¥-

Xn-Itf! \nß-fn¬\n-∂p≈ ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ \nß-fpsS ASp-

°¬hcpw' F∂v A√mlp ]d-bp-I-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

BI-bm¬, ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ hcp-sa-∂n-hnsS ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-

cn-°p-∂Xv Xncp-ta-\n-°p-ti-j-ap≈ BZw k¥-Xn-I-fn¬ hcp-

sa-∂p-X-s∂-bm-W. amX-a√ ]kvXpX hmIy-Øn∂p sXm´p-apºv

ASp-Ø-Sp-Ømbn aq∂v hmIy-ß-fn¬ AtX-cq-]-Øn¬ BZw


k¥-Xn-Iƒ F∂v kwt_m-[\ sNø-s∏- n- p-ap≠v. B aq∂p

ÿe-ß-fnepw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ]t_m-[-\-Øn∂p ]mX-am-

b-h¿ Xs∂-bmWv Dt±-in-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. ]kvXpX

BbØv 7˛mw kqd-Ønse 35- mw hmIy-am-W-t√m. AtX kqd-

Øn¬ 32- mw hmIy-Øn¬ C]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p:

""Hm, BZwk¥-Xn-Itf! \nßƒ F√m ]≈n-I-fn¬ lmP-cm-

Ip-tºmgpw \nß-fpsS Ae-¶m-csØ ssIs°m-≈p-hn≥''

]kvXpX kqdm-bn¬Xs∂ 28˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p:

""Hm, BZw k¥-Xn-I-tf, ssiØm≥ \nßsf NXn-s∏-SpØm-

Xn-cn-°-s´. \nßfpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°sf tXm -Øn¬\n∂p

Ah≥ ]pd-Øm-°n-b-Xp-t]m-se.''

27˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

""Hm, BZw k¥-XnItf! \mw \nßƒ°v hkvXw Cd-°n-

Ø-∂n-cn-°p∂p''

Cu aq∂p hmIy-ß-fnepw ""BZw k¥-Xn-Itf!'' F∂p

kwt_m-[\ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xp hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ ]t_m-[-

\-Øn∂p ]mX-am-b-h-sc-bm-sW∂pw apºp-≈-hsc As√∂pw

kv]„-am-Wv. Cu aq∂v ÿe-tØbpw kwt_m-[-\-Iƒ apºp-

≈-h-tcmSp amX-am-sW-∂pw, Ah Jp¿-Bs‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-

sftbm Jp¿-B≥ kzoI-cn-°m≥ _m[y-X-s∏- -h-sctbm kw_-

‘n-°p-∂-h-b-s√∂pw ]d-bm≥ B Znhy-K-Ÿ-Øn¬ hniz-kn-

°p-∂-h¿ Hcn-°epw ss[cys∏Sp-I-bn-√. B ÿnXn-°v, B aq∂p-

hm-Iy-ßsf XpS¿∂v ""Hm, BZw-k-¥-Xn-Itf! \nß-fn¬\n-∂p≈

]hm-N-I-∑m¿ \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ hcp-∂-Xm-bm¬'' F∂p ]d-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬34™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, Jp¿-Bs‚ Bhn¿`m-h-Øn-\p-apºv Ign-™p-

t]mb P\-ßsf kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm-≠m-sW∂p Jp¿-

B-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v lrZ-b-]q¿∆w ]dbm-≥ Ign-

bp-∂-sX-ßs\? hmkvX-h-Øn¬ mFfßo!Ý "Hm, BZw k¥-Xn-

Itf!' F∂ kwt_m-[\ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ Fhn-sS-sb-√m-

apt≠m Ahn-sS-sbms° Jp¿-Bs‚ ]t_m-[-\-ßsf A\p-

k-cn-°m≥ IS-a-s∏- -h¿ Xs∂-bmWv Dt±-in-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

DZm-l-c-W-ambn A√m-lp -]-d-bp-I-bmWv:

""Hm, BZw-k-¥-Xn-Itf! \nßƒ ssiØms\ Bcm-[n-°-

cpXv F∂p Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv Iev]n-®nt√?'' (36:61).

Cu kwt_m-[-\bpw Jp¿-Bs‚ A\p-km-cn-I-tfmSv Xs∂-

bm-Wv. ]q¿∆-Im-e-Øp-≈-h-tcmSv ]d-™-Xmb Hcp hrØm-¥-

a√ AXv. Cu Jp¿-B-\nI kwt_m-[-\-sb-∏‰n

Ê^Þùäì_^hŸâØƒ]ÖÔ]ÖùÚ^áæÖÓØùÚàeÃ‚âÜ""CXv A°m-e-Øp-≈-h-tcmSpw tij-ap≈ F√m-h-tcm-Spap≈

kwt_m-[-\-bmWv'' F∂v Camw kqbq-Øo(-dlv) ]d-™Xv ChnsS

]kvXmhy-am-Wv. (A¬-C-XvJm≥, hm. 2. hIp∏v 51, `m 34)

Npcp-°-Øn¬, taep-≤-cn® BbØv Jp¿-B-\n¬ D≈ Imew-

h-sc, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ ]hm-N-I\pw

hcn-I-bn-s√∂p ]d-bp-∂Xp Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mT-Øn-s∂-Xn-cmb Hcp

]kvXm-h-\-bm-bn-cn-°p-I-tb-≈q. Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw Hcp ]Im-

c-Øn-ep≈ \_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√-∂mWv A√m-lp-hns‚ Xocp-

am-\-sa-¶n¬, "\nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ hcp-∂-Xm-

bm¬ \nßƒ kzoI-cn-°Ww' F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw C\n

Hcp ]hm-N-I\pw hcn-I-bn-s√∂pw Aßs\ h√-hcpw hmZn-

°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ AXv hniz-kn-°-cp-sX-∂p-at√ J¿-B≥ ]d-tb-

≠n-bn-cp-∂Xv? A]-Imcw ]d-bm-sX, ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ hcp-∂-Xm-


bm¬ hn-izkn°W-sa∂v B ]hn-X-KŸw DZvt_m-[n-∏n®n-cn-

°p-tºmƒ AXn-s∂-Xn-cmbn, Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ ]hm-N-I\pw

C\n hcn-I-bn-s√∂v iTn-°p-∂Xv icn-bmtWm? hnip-≤-Jp¿-

Bs‚ hy‡-amb Cu ]mTsØ Rßƒ kzoI-cn-®-Xn-\p- R-

ßsf Bt£-]n-°p-∂-h¿, Cu kwK-Xn-sb-°p-dn®v im¥-am-

sbm∂p Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

ta¬ D≤cn® hmIy-Øn¬ ""]hm-N-I-∑m¿ hcp-∂-Xm-bm¬''

F∂p ]d-™-Xp-sIm≠v Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw ]hm-N-I-∑m¿

ht∂ Xocq F∂n-√, hcp-∂-Xm-bm¬ hniz-kn-°Ww F∂p amX-

ta-bp≈q F∂v Bsc-¶nepw ]d-t™-°mw.

CXn-∂p≈ H∂m-asØ adp-]Sn F∂ ]tbmKw

kwi-bm-kv]-Z-amb H∂-√. \n›n-Xm¿∞-I-amb hmIy-am-W-Xv.

"Xo¿®-bmbpw hcpw; Aßs\ hcp-tºmƒ' F∂mWv AXn-

∂¿Yw. F∂ hmNIw Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]e ÿe-ß-

fnepw h∂n-´p-≠v. Ahn-S-ß-fn-sem-∂pw-Xs∂ AXp k∂n-

Kv≤m¿∞-I-am-bn- √ ]bp-‡-am-bncn°p-∂-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn,

c≠mw kqd 39˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ F∂p ImWmw.

AhnsS Xo¿®-bmbpw \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ hcpw'' F∂p-X-s∂-

bmWv tIc-f-Ønse ]kn≤ ]fin-X-∑m¿ A¿Yw \evIn-bn-cn-

°p-∂Xv!

c≠m-a-Xm-bn, F∂Xv \n›n-Xm¿∞-I-a-s√∂p ]d-

bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ F∂n¬ \n∂v \nß-

fpsS ASp-°¬ am¿§-Z¿i\w hcp-∂-Xm-bm¬'' F∂p A√mlp

l. BZ-an-t\mSp ]d-™Xpw Jp¿-B-\n¬ 2mw kqd 39mw hmIy-

Ønepw 20-mw kqd 124-mw hmIy-Ønepw ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xpw

km¶-ev]n-Im¿Y-Øn¬ amX-am-sW∂pw BI-bm¬ l. BZ-an-

\p-tijw Bcpw \_n-bmbn h∂n- n-s√∂pw ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw.

aq∂m-a-Xm-bn, Cu ]kvXm-h\ tkm]m-[n-I-am-sW∂p

h∂mepw h‡mhv k¿∆-i-‡\pw k¿∆-⁄-\p-amb A√mlp

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬36BI-bm¬ Akw- -hy-amb Hcp Imcy-sØ-°p-dn-®m-sW∂p Icp-

Xm-h-Xp-a-√. A√mlp Ahs‚ \nb-a-Øn\pw Xo¿∏n\pw hncp-

≤-ambn h√Xpw sNøp-sa∂v Dul-n°m≥t]mepw ]mSn-√-t√m.

D]-cyp-≤r-X-amb ssZh-hmIyw BZwk¥-Xn-Isf BI-am\w

kwt_m-[\sNbvXpsIm≠p-≈-Xm-sW∂pw Xncp-ta-\n°p

tij-ap-≈-hsc amXw kw_-‘n-°p-∂-X-s√∂pw Nne¿ ]d-

bm-dp-≠v. C]-Imcw ]d-bp-hm≥ Ah¿ [r„-cm-Ip-∂Xp Jp¿-

B≥ \√-t]mse Xpd-∂p-t\m-°m-Ø-Xp-sImt≠m As√¶n¬,

Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂-sX-¥m-bmepw th≠n√ Alva-Znøm hmZ-ßƒ

Fß-s\bpw Jfin°s∏SWw F∂ a\x-ÿnXn Imc-W-am-

bnt´m amX-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. ]kvXpX hmIy-Ønse kwt_m-

[\ BZw-k-¥-Xn-I-tfm-Sm-I-am-\-am-bn- p-≈-Xm-sW∂pw Xncp-\-

_nbv°p tij-ap-≈-hsc amXw _m[n-°p-∂-X-s√∂pw

]kvXpX hN-\-sØ-°p-dn®p Aev]-sa-¶nepw Nn¥n-°p-∂-h¿°v

]d-bm-s\m-°p-I-bn-√. C\n kwt_m-[\ BZw k¥-Xn-I-tfm-Sm-

I-am-\-am-sW∂p h∂mepw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°p apºp-≈-h¿ F]-

Imcw BZw -k-¥-Xn-I-fmtWm A]-Im-cw- Xs∂ tij-ap-≈-

hcpw BZw- k-¥-Xn-I-fm-bn-cn-s°- ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ hcpsa∂v ]d-

™Xv Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah¿°vIqSnbpw _m[-I-amb Xc-Øn-em-

sW∂v \ymb-ambpw ]d-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. As√-¶n¬ Xncp-\-_n-

°p-ti-j-ap≈ a\p-jy¿ BZw k¥-Xn-I-f-s√∂p ]d-tb-≠n-h-

cpw. tij-ap-≈-hcpw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ BZw-k-¥-Xn-IƒXs∂-

sb-¶n¬ ]kvXp-X-hm-Iy-Ønse kwt_m-[\ BZw-k-¥-Xn-I-

tfmSm-I-am-\-am-sW∂p h∂mepw Ah¿°pw B DZvt_m[\w

_m[-I-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

ta¬ BbØp \_n hcp-sa-∂-Xn-te°v sXfn-hm-sW-¶n¬

""F∂n¬\n∂p \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬

lnZm-bØv hcp-∂-Xm-bm¬'' F∂ hmIy-Øn¬ \n∂p ]pXnb

ico-AØv hcp-sa∂pw kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cnt√ F∂mWv as‰mcp

kwi-bw. Cu kwibw Aÿm-\-Øm-Wv. "lnZm-bØv' F∂-


Xn\v "ico-AØv' AYhm \ymb-]-amWw F∂m-W¿∞-sa∂p

k¶-ev]n-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬X-s∂, Aßs\ ]d-™Xp lZvdØv

BZ-an-t\m-Sm-I-bm¬ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS tij-ap-≈-Im-esØ AXp

_m[n-°p-∂n-√. lZvdØv BZ-an-∂p-tijw ]e ico-AØpw

h∂n- p-s≠-∂Xv Ahn-X¿°n-X-hp-am-W-t√m. c≠m-aXv "lpZ≥'

F-∂Xns‚ hnh£ ]tXyI \ymb-]-amWw F∂p amX-hp-

a√. F√m Hmtcm ]hm-N-I\pw "lmZn' (am¿§-Z¿in) BWv.

At∏mƒ ]hm-N-I-∑m-sc-√m-hcpw lnZm-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn h∂-h-

cm-sW∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p. ]t£, F√m-hcpw ]tXyIw ]tXyIw

\ymb-]-am-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√. BI-bm¬ lZvdØv

BZ-an-t\mSp lnZm-bØv hcp-sa∂v A√mlp ]d-™-Xp-sIm≠v

At±-l-Øn-\p-tijw h∂ F√m ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw ]tXyIw

]tXyIw \ymb-]-amWtØmSp-IqSn h∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sht∂m

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw ]pXnb ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb

\_n°p hcm-sat∂m kn≤n-°p-t∂-bn-√.

]kvXpX hmIy-Ønse ""Ah¿ Fs‚ Bb-

Øp-Isf \nßƒ°p hnh-cn-®p-X-cpw F∂p ]d-bs-∏- n-cn°p∂

Xp-sIm-≠p- h-cp∂ ]hm-N-I≥ \ymb-]-am-W-hm-l-I-\m-bn-cn-

°psa∂p kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cpw F∂mWv as‰mcp kwi-bw.

BbØv F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w hn[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ F∂-√. hnip-

≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ Cu ]Zw c≠¿∞-Øn-emWv ]bp-‡-am-bn-cn-

°p-∂-Xv. 1. ssZh-h-N\w 2. AS-bm-fw, Zr„m-¥w. ssZh-h-N\w

]tXyI \ymb-]-am-W-apƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xp-am-hmw, \ne-hn-ep-≈-

Xn-s\-Øs∂ ÿnc-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-Xp-am-hmw. ]hm-N-I-∑m-sc√mw ssZh-h-N-\-ßfpw Zr„m-¥-

ßfpw e`n-®-h¿X-s∂. AXp-sIm≠v F√m-h¿°pw ]tXyIw

]tXyIw ico-A-Øp-IqSn e`n-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂p hcn-√. ]e

]hm-N-I-∑mcpw ]tXyIw ico-AØv \¬I-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-cm-

sW∂p Jp¿-B≥ a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂p. BI-bm¬, ""Bb-Øp-

Iƒ hnh-cn-®pXcpw'' F∂p ]d-™-Xp-sIm≠v hcp∂ \_n

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬38\ymb]amW-hm-l-I-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cnt√

F∂ kwibw ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-Wv. hnip-≤- Jp¿-B\n¬

Bdm-bn-c-Øn¬]cw Bb-Øp-I-fp-≠v. Ah-bn¬ Fgp-∂q-dn¬

Nnezm\w Bb-Øp-Iƒ amX-amWv hn[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ AS-ßn-b-

h. ico-A-Øn\p amXta BbØv F∂v ]d-bm-hq- F-¶n¬ hnip-

≤- Jp¿-B-\nse qcn- mKw hmIy-ßfpw Bb-Øp-Iƒ As√∂p

]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬, ssZh-h-N-\Øn\pw sNdpXpw

hep-X-amb F√m Zr„m-¥-ßƒ°pw Jp¿-B-\n¬ Aßp-sXm- n-

tßmfw BbØv F∂mWv ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

]kvXpX BbØv Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw ]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw

\ne-®p-t]m-bn- n-s√-∂-Xn-te°v Hcp ]_-e-amb tcJ-bm-sW∂v

B Bb-Øns‚ LS-\bpw AXnse ]Z-ßfpw hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂p-

s≠-∂-Xn-te°v ckm-h-l-amb Hcp sXfn-hp-IqSn Rm≥ ]d-bmw.

]hm-N-I-∑mcpw Znhy-K-Ÿ-ßfpw hgn-bmWv a\p-jy¿°v ssZhm-

⁄-Iƒ e`n-°m-dp-≈-Xv F∂-Xn-te°v km£y-ambn P\m_v

auZqZn kmln_v Xs‚ "JpXv_m-Øn'¬ ]kvXpX BbØv

FSp-Øp-≤-cn-®n- p-≠v. tIcf Aao¿ Bbn-cp∂ auehn apl-Ω-

Zen kmln_v AXns‚ ]cn- mj ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-

Øn-b-t∏mƒ ta¬-B-b-Øns‚ X¿÷-abv°v apºv "a\p-jy-]n-

Xm-hmb BZw-\-_nsb kr„n-®-t∏mƒ am\-h-tem-I-tØmSm

Iam-\-ambn A√mlp Iev]n-®-Xns\ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ hnh-

cn-®-Xn-]-Im-c-amWv' F∂p-IqSn Iqń-t®¿°-bp-≠mbn. (Jp-Xv_m-

Xv, ae-bm-fw, m. 133, H∂mw ]Xn-∏v). Cu hmIyw aqe-K-Ÿ-Øn-

en-√m-ØXpw ]cn- m-j-I≥ Iqń-t®¿Ø-Xp-am-Ip∂p. Bb-Øns‚

X¿÷-a- amXw sImSp-Øm¬ Xncp-\-_n°v tijhpw ]hm-

N-I∂p hcm-sa∂p a‰p-≈-h¿ [-cn-t®-°m-\n-S-bp-s≠∂p Icp-

Xn-bmWv At±lw Aßs\ Iqń-t®¿Ø-sX-∂Xp hy‡-am-Wv.

As√-¶n¬ aqe-K-Ÿ-Øn-en-√m-Ø, ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ]cn- m-

j-I≥ F¥n\v Iqń-t®¿Øp? am\-h-tem-I-tØm-Sm-I-am\w

]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≈-Xns\ A√mlp FSp-Øp-]-d-™-X√ ta¬


BbØv F∂Xp AXn¬ ItÆm-Sn-°p∂ B¿°pw Xs∂

\njv]-bmkw a\- n-em-°mw. F∂n- pw, aplΩ-Zen kmln-_n\v

Jp¿-B≥ kqNn-∏n-°p-I-t]mepw sNbvXn- n-√m-ØXpw auZq-Zn- km-

ln-_ns‚ ]pkvX-I-Øn-en-√m-Ø-Xp-amb hcn-Iƒ Iqń-t®¿Øv

A\p-hm-N-Isc as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ [cn-∏n-°m≥ ]mSp-s]-tS-≠n-

h-∂p. F∂m¬, aqe-K-Ÿ-Øn-en-√m-ØXp Iqń-t®¿Øp F∂

Bt£-]sØ XpS¿t∂m, AYhm Aßs\ Bt£-]-ap-≠m-

tb-°p-sa∂p bt∂m Ft¥m At±lw c≠mw-]-Xn-∏n¬ Iqń-

t®¿Ø hcn-Iƒ FSp-Øp-I-f-™n-cn-°p-I-bmWv! Cßs\ Xncp-

\-_n-°p-ti-jhpw \_n-h-cp-sa∂v DZvtLm-jn-°p∂ ]kvXpX

BbØv Alva-Zn-I-fpsS hmZ-Øn∂p ]_-e-amb Hcp tcJ-bm-

sW∂v FXn-cm-fn-Ifpw Hcp ]Im-c-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰mcp ]Im-

c-Øn¬ kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n- h-∂n-cn-°p∂p!


\mev]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw \ne-®p-t]m-bn- n-s√-∂-Xn-te°v as‰mcp

sXfnhv Cu Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-amWv:

""Ah≥ Xs‚ Iev]-\-bn¬\n-∂p≈ hN-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn ae-

°p-Isf Xs‚ Zmk-cn¬\n∂p Xm≥ C„-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cp-sS-ta¬

Cd-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. "Rm≥ A√msX thsd ssZh-an-√. AXn-

\m¬ Ft∂mSp `b-`-‡n-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°pI' F∂p

Xm°oXp \evIp-∂-Xn-\m-bn v'' (16:3).

A©v

ho≠pw A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

""Ah≥ Xs‚ Iev]-\-bn¬\n-∂p≈ hN-\sØ Xs‚ Zmk-

cn¬ \n∂p Xm≥ C„-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v \evIp-∂-Xm-Wv. IqSn-

°mgvN Znh-k-sØ-°p-dn®v t]Sn-∏n-®-dn-bn-°m≥th≠n''

(40:16).

Cu Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ c≠pw \ap°p a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-

∂Xv ]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw \ne-®p-t]m-bn- n-s√-∂m-Wv. ssZh-h-N-

\-Øn\v "dqlv' F∂ ]Z-amWv ChnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ "dqlv' F∂ ]Zw ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\pw ]bp-

‡-am-bn- p-≠v. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:


Aßs\ \mw \n\°p \ΩpsS Iev]-\-bn¬\n-∂p≈

"dqln's\ (h-lvbn-s\) Adn-bn®p' (42:53)

A√m-lp-hns‚ hN\w Ahs‚ Iev]\ apJm-¥cw D≠m-Ip-

∂-Xp- sIm≠p ]kvXpX Bb-Øp-I-fn¬ ""an≥ Awcnlo', "an≥-

Aw-cn\m' F∂n-ßs\ A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

ta¬ c≠v BbØpw \ap°v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂Xv ]hm-N-

I-\n-tbmKw Zp¿∫-e-am-°-s∏´ Hcp N -a-s√∂pw adn®v A√mlp

Ahs‚ C—-b-\p-k-cn®v \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xpw

]h¿Ø-\Ønen-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb Hcp \nb-a-am-sW-∂p-am-Wv.

H∂m-a-Xmbn ChnsS mßùÙ F∂p-w m×Ïo F∂p-amWv ]bp-‡-am-

bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ch h¿Ø-am-\-sØbpw mhn-sbbpw Ipdn-°p∂

Inbm-cq-]-ß-fm-I-bm¬ A√mlp Ahs‚ hN-\-ßsf Cd-°n-

s°m-Sp-°pI F∂ \nbaw _e-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂p kn≤n-

°p-∂p-≠v. XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v c≠m-b-Øp-I-fnepw

""Ah≥ C—n-°p∂ Ahs‚ Zmk-∑m-cpsS ta¬'' F∂m

Wv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXnse "bimD' ]tbm-K-sØ-∏‰n Rm≥

apºv ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n- p-≠-t√m. \ne-®p-t]m-bn- n-√m-Ø-Xpw, XpS¿∂p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb \nba ]h¿Ø-\-sØ-°p-dn®p amX-

amWv Jp¿-B-\n¬ Fhn-sSbpw B ]Zw ]tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n- p-≈-

Xv. BI-bm¬, a\p-jysc PmK-X-s∏-Sp-Øm≥th≠n ssZhw

Ahs‚ hcn-jvTZ-Zm-k¿°v "hlvbv' (sh-fn-]m-Sv) Cd-°n-s°m-Sp-

°p-I-sb∂ \nbaw \ne-hn-en-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-∂p- X-s∂-bmWv Cu

Bb-Øp-Iƒ kv]„-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv.

CXn-\p-]p-dsa BZysØ hmIy-Øn¬ ]Þ„…æ (Pm-K-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-

hn≥) F∂pw c≠m-a-tØ-Xn¬ Önöß„… (Pm-K-X-s∏-Sp-Øm≥th-≠n)

F∂pw ]d-™p-sIm≠v Ah≥ hN-\-an-d-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂p

DZvt_m-[n-∏n-®-Xn¬\n∂p AXv ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-KsØ Dt±-in-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬42®m-sW∂p a\- n-em-Ip-∂p-≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬ Cu Bb-Øp-I-

fn¬ Ah¿ \Zodpw ap≥Zodpw (t]-Sn-∏n-®-dn-bn-°p-Ibpw PmK-X-

s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿) Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂v hy‡am-Ip-∂p.

]kvXpX kw⁄-Iƒ hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]e ÿ-ß-fnepw

]hm-N-I-sc-°p-dn-®mWv ]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A√mlp ]d-

bp-∂p.

""Hcp \Zo¿' (Xm-°o-Xp-Imc≥) Ign-™n- n-√mØ Hcp kap-

Zm-bhpw C√-Xs∂'' (35:25).

""\n›-b-ambpw Ch¿°p apºv ]q¿hnI-cn¬ A[nIhpw hgn-

]n-g-®p-t]m-bn-cp-∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw Ah-cn¬ Pm-K-X-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂-hsc Ab®p'' (37: 72,73).

""\o Hcp Xm°o-Xp-Im-c≥ amX-am-Ip∂p'' (13:8)

""]d-bp-I, Rm≥ Hcp Xm°o-Xp-Im-c≥ amX-amWv'' (38:66)

Cßs\ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]te-S-ß-fnepw "\Zo¿, ap≥Zo¿' F∂o

]Z-ßƒ ]hm-N-I-∑m-sc-°p-dn®p ]bp-‡-am-bn-cn°p-∂-Xmbn

ImWmw.

apI-fn¬ D≤-cn® c≠v Bb-Øp-I-fnepw A√mlp Ahs‚

Iev]-\-bn¬ \n-∂p≈ hN-\-ß-fn-d-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw ]d-™p-

sIm≠p "\Zo'dpw, "ap≥Zo-dp-'amb ]hm-N-Is‚ Bhn¿`mhw \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw tIhew \ne-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂

hnizmkw A_-≤-am-sW-∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ a\- n-em-°n-Øcp-

∂-Xv.

ta¬ c≠v Bb-Øp-I-fnepw a\p-jysc PmK-X-s∏-Sp-Øm≥

\nbp-‡-cm-Ip-∂-h-cpsS ]tXyI ]t_m-[\w A√m-lp-hns‚


Xulo-Zn-s\-°p-dn-®m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p.

A√mlp A√msX as‰mcp Bcm-[y-\n-s√∂pw a\p-jy¿ Ah-

t\mSp b- -‡n-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-sW-∂p-am-bn-cn°pw Ah-

cpsS D]-tZ-i-sa∂v BZysØ hmIy-Ønepw A√m-lp-hns\

Z¿in-°p∂ A¥y-\m-fn-s\-°p-dn®p PmK-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h-cm-bn-

cn°pw Ah-sc∂p c≠m-asØ Bb-Ønepw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

CXn¬\n∂p a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv Ah-cpsS ]tXyI ]t_m-[\w

A√mlp Hcp-h-\p-s≠∂pw Ghcpw Ahs\ amXta Bcm-[n-

°mhq F∂pw F√m-hcpw Ah-¶-te°p Xncn®p sNt√-≠-h-cm-

Ibm¬ Ah-t\mSp b- -‡n-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw Ahs‚

Iev]-\-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNtø≠-Xm-sW-v. ]hm-N-I-∑m-

cpsS Bhn¿`m-h-Øns‚ ]Y-ahpw ][m-\-hp-amb Dt±iyw

A√m-lp-hns‚ Xul-oZns\ ]t_m-[n-°p-Ibpw a\p-jy-lr-Zy-

ß-fn¬ ssZh-hn-izm-ksØ cqV-aq-e-am°p-Ibpw sNbvI-sb-∂-

Xm-sW∂p Jp¿-B≥ kv]„-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂p.

""\n-›-b-ambpw \mw Hmtcm kap-Zm-b-Ønepw ZqXs\ Ab-

®p. \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw Zp¿tZ-h-X-Isf

h¿÷n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥ F∂v D]-tZ-in-°m≥ th≠n

(26:37)

Hmtcm ]hm-N-I-t‚bpw ]Ya ]t_m-[\w

""\nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ Bcm-[n-°p-hn≥. Ah\√msX \n

ßƒ°p as‰mcp ssZh-an√'' (7:60) F∂pw

""\nßƒ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSp b- -‡n-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-I

bpw Fs∂ A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥'' (26:109) F∂pw

Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p. Cßs\ ]hm-N-I-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬44\n-tbm-K-Øns‚ ]Y-ahpw ][m-\-hp-amb Dt±iyw GI-ssZ-h-

kn-≤m-¥sØ ÿm]n-°pI F∂-Xm-sW∂p hnip-≤-

Jp¿B\n¬ ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v.

A√mlp ]tXyI shfn-]m-Sn-d-°p∂ B hcn-jvT-Zm-k-∑m¿ A√m-

lp-hns‚ GI-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®p ]t_m-[n-°p-sa∂pw Ah¿ P\-

ßsf ssZh-in-£-sb- Ip-dn®v Xo°oXp sNøp-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-

sa∂pw ]d-™p-sIm≠v Ah¿ ]hm-N-I-∑m-cm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂mWv

ta¬ c≠m-b-Øp-Iƒ aptJ\ Jp¿-B≥ \ap°v a\- n-em-°n-

Ø-cp-∂-Xv. BI-bm¬, Cu Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v \_n-

Xncpta-\n-°p- tijw ]hm-N-I\p hcm-sa∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂-

h¿ Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mTw kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. Jp¿-B\n¬ Bflm¿Y-

ambn hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-sW-¶n¬ A]-Im-cw-X-s∂-bm-W-h¿

sNtø-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xpw. Cß-s\, hnip-≤ -Jp¿-B\nse ]e

hmIy-ßfpw ]hm-N-Im-hn¿`mhw \ne-®n- n-s√∂p hy‡-am-°n-

Ø-cp-tºmƒ B ]mT-Øn-\p hn]-co-X-amb Hc¿∞w "JmØ-ap-

∂-_nøo≥' F∂-Xn\p \evIp-hm≥ Jp¿-B-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-

∂-h¿°v Fßs\ Ignbpw?


Bdv

]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-KsØ kw_‘n® A√m-lp-hns‚ k\m-X-

\-amb \nbaw \ne-®p-t]m-bn-´ns√∂pw Ahs‚ Zmk-∑m-

cn¬\n∂p Ah≥ C—-n-°p-∂-h¿°p \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-

Klw \evIp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ as‰mcp BbØp

aptJ\ C]-Imcw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp∂p:

""CXp A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿§-Z¿i-\-am-Wv. Ah≥ Xs‚ Zmk-

∑m-cn¬\n∂p Xm≥ C—n-°p-∂-hsc AXp-aqew am¿§-Z¿i\w

sNøp-∂-XmWv''

Bdmw kqd 89- mw hmIy-am-Wn-Xv. CXn-\p-apºv 84 apX¬ 87

hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ 18 ]hm-N-I-∑m-sc-°p-dn®v Ah-cpsS

t]¿ FSp-Øp-]-d-™p-sIm≠p ]tXy-I-\n-e-bn¬ ]kvXm-hn-

®-Xns\ XpS¿∂v 88˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:

""Ah-cpsS ]nXm-°-fn¬\n∂pw k¥-Xn-I-fn¬\n∂pw Ah-

cpsS ktlm-Z-c-ß-fn¬\n∂pw \mw Ahsc Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-

Ibpw t\¿am¿§-Øn-te°p Ahsc am¿§-Z¿i\w sNøp-

Ibpw sNbvXp.'' Cu hmIy-sØ-Øp-S¿∂mWv

""CXv A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿§-Z¿i-\-am-Wv. Ah≥ Xs‚ Zmk-

cn¬ \n∂p Xm≥ C—n-°p-∂-hsc AXp-aqew am¿K-Z¿i\w

sNøp-∂-XmWv'' F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬46ChnsS Nne ]hm-N-I-∑m-sc-°p-dn®v ]tXy-I-\n-e-bnepw a‰p-

≈-h-sc-∏‰n ka-„n-bmbpw ]kvXm-hn-®-Xns\ XpS¿∂m-Wv,

A√mlp C—n-°p∂ Xs‚ Zmk-∑m¿°v Cu am¿K-Z¿i\w

\evIp-∂-Xm-sW∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F]-Imcw \_n-Xn-cp-

ta-\n°p apºp-≈-h-cn¬ \n∂v A√mlp C„-s∏´ Zmk-∑msc

]hm-N-I-∑m-cmbn Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw Ah¿°p am¿K-

Z¿i\w \evIp-Ibpw sNbvXpthm A]Imcw Xncp-\-_n-°p-

tijhpw Ah≥ C„-s∏-Sp∂ Zmk-∑m¿°v \p_p∆-Øm-Ip∂

a¿K-Z¿i\w \evIp-∂-XmWv F∂p kn≤n-®p. ]q¿hIm-eØp

Xs‚ Zmk-∑m-cn¬ Ah≥ C—-n°p-∂-hsc Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw

Ahsc Xs‚ Aar-X- m-j-Ww- sIm-≠-\p-K-ln-°p-Ibpw Ah≥

C—n-®hn[w Ah¿°v am¿K-Z¿i\w \evIp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xp-

t]mse mhn-bn¬ Hcn-°epw sNøp-∂-X-s√-∂mWv A√m-lp-

hns‚ Xocp-am-\-sa-¶n¬, ]q¿h-]-hm-N-I-∑m¿°p \evIn-b-Xp-

t]mse C—n°p∂-h¿°v lnZm-bØp \evIp-∂-Xm-sW∂v

ChnsS ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬, A]-Im-c-ap≈ am¿K-

Z¿i\w C\nbpw \evIp-∂-Xm-sW∂p ]kvXm-hn®p sIm≠v

B \nbaw \ne-®p-t]m-bn-´n-s√-∂mWv Cu hmIyw a\- n-em-

°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-KsØ kw_-‘n® \nbaw

Zp¿_-e-s∏-´p-t]m-b-Xm-sW∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw Jp¿-B-

\n¬ ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw AXv _e-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂p-Xm-sW∂v

]e ]Im-c-Ønepw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-tºmƒ, \_n- Xn-cp-

ta-\n-°p-tijw \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw A√mlp

B¿°pw- Xs∂ \evIp-I-bn-s√∂pw JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂-

Xns‚ hnh-£, \_n - Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw Hcp \_nbpw

\ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√-∂m-sW∂pw ]d-bp-∂Xp Xo¿®-

bmbpw Jp¿-Bs‚ A[ym-]-\-Øn\pw ]mT-Øn∂pw \nc-°m-

Ø-Xm-Wv.

6˛mw kqdØnse 84 apX¬ 87 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬

]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ 18 ]hm-N-I-∑m-cn¬ _lp-`q-cn-`m-Khpw


]tXyIw ]tXyIw \ymb-]-am-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-∂n-

√. \ne-hn-ep≈ \ymb-]-am-WsØ ho≠pw ]t_m-[n-°p-

hm\pw AXn-te-°v XßfpsS kap-Zm-bsØ £Wn-°m\pw

\ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-´-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu kwKXn Jp¿-B≥ `mjy-

Im-c-∑m¿ kphy‡w ]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-ap-≠v. BI-bm¬, lnZm-

bØp \evIpw F∂p ]d-™-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿°v \ymb-]-

amWw \evIp-sa-∂m-W¿Y-sa∂p ]d-™p-X-≈m-hp-∂-X-√.

Hmtcm \_nbpw lmZn- X-s∂. ]t£, F√m-hcpw ]tXyIw

]tXyIw ico-A-tØm-Sp- Iq-Snb lmZn-am-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√.

ChnsS Ah≥ C„-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v t\¿am¿Kw (ln-Zm-b-Øv)

\¬Ipw F∂mWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂pw, \p_p-∆-Øns‚

A\p-K-l-am-Ip∂ am¿K-Z¿i\w Ah≥ C—n-°p-∂-h¿°p

\¬Ip-sa-∂-√, adn®p ]hm-N-I≥ aptJ\ a‰p-≈-h¿°p

t\¿am¿Kw \evIpw F∂mWv CXns‚ XmXv]cyw F∂pw BI-

bm¬, CXp ]hm-N-IXz \ntbm-K-\n-baw _e-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂p-

s≠-∂-Xn-te-°p tcJ-bm-Ip-∂n-s√∂pw Nne¿s°mcp kwi-b-

ap-≠m-tb-°mw. F∂m¬, Cu hmIy-Øn\p apºp ]kvXm-hn-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-Xs∂ ]hm-N-I-∑m-sc-°p-dn®pw Ahsc Xnc-

s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw Ah¿°p am¿K-Z¿i\w \evIp-Ibpw sNbvX-

Xn-s\-∏-‰n-bp-am-Wv. AXns\ XpS¿∂mWv Cu lnZm-bØv (am¿K-

Z¿i-\w) Ah≥ C—n-°p∂ Xs‚ Zmk-∑m¿°v \¬Ip-∂-X-

sW∂v ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. BI-bm¬ ChnsS ]hm-N-I-

∑m¿ aptJ\ kmam-\y-P-\-ßƒ°v e`n-°p∂ am¿K-Z-¿i-

\sØ°pdn-®-√, ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°v e`n-°p∂ \p_p-∆-Øn-s\-

°p-dn-®mWv hnh-cn-°-s∏S- n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂Xv hy‡-am-Wv. apºv

]d-™Xp ]hm-N-I-∑m-sc-°p-dn-®-√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw XpS¿∂p≈

hmN-I-Øn¬ P-\-ßƒ°p ka-„n-bmbn e`n-°p∂ am¿K-Z¿i-

\-sØ-°p-dn-®m-sW∂p kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-Ibpw BsW-

¶n¬, ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°v e`n-°p∂ lnZm-b-Ø-√, ]hm-N-I-∑m¿

aptJ\ P\-ßƒ°v e`n-°p∂ lnZm-b-ØmWv Cu hmIyw

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬48sIm≠p-t±-in-°-s∏- n- p-≈-sX∂v Icp-X-mam-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬,

Aßs\ Icp-Xm-hp∂ kqN-\-t]mepw Cs√-∂p-h-cp-tºmƒ,

]q¿∆-]-hm-N-I-∑m¿°v e`n-®-Xp-t]mse lnZm-bØp AYhm

\p_p-∆Øv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°p-tijw ssZh-Zm-k-cn¬ A√mlp

C—n-°p-∂-h¿°v \evI-s∏-Spsa∂pXs∂-bmWv CXns‚

A¿∞-sa∂p Icp-tX-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.


Ggv


\n¿Ø¬ sNø-s∏- n- n-s√∂p Jp¿-B≥ a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-

Xm-bp≈ as‰mcp sXfnhv ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-KsØ ag-tbm-Sp-]-an-

®p-sIm-≠p≈ ssZh-h-N-\-ß-fmWv. qan hc≠p \n¿÷o-hm-h-

ÿsb ]m]n°ptºmƒ ssZhw BIm-i-Øn¬ \n∂pw sh≈w

Cd°n `qa-nsb Pohn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, a\p-jy¿ ssZh-

Øn¬\n-∂-I-ep-Ibpw Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ ssZht_m[hpw

A≤ym-fln-I-Xbpw BIp∂ sh≈w h‰n-h-c-≠p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw

sNøp∂ Ime-Øm-Wv, Ah≥ Bflo-b-Pew Cd°n Ahsb

Pohn-∏n-°p-∂p F∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu \nb-

asØ \_n-Xn-cp -ta -\n -bpsS kXy-Zu-Xy-Øn-te°p

km£yambn Jp¿-B≥ ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw DZm-l-cn-®p-]-d-™n-

´p-≠v. A√mlp Jp¿-B-\n¬ Hcn-SØp Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:

""A√mlp BIm-i-Øn¬\n∂v sh≈w Cd-°n. Aßs\

AXpaqew `qansb AXns‚ ac-W-tijw Ah≥ Pohn-∏n-

®p. Xo¿®-bmbpw tIƒ°p∂ P\-Øn\p CXn¬ Zr„m-¥-ap-

≠v'' (16:66)

Cu hmIy-Øn¬ Xncp-\-_n-bn¬ A√mlp Ahs‚ Aar-X-

`m-jWw sNmcn-bp-Ibpw B Znhym-flm-hns\ Xs‚ ZqX-\mbn

\ntbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xns\ BIm-i-Øn¬\n∂p ag s]øn-

°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp-]-an®p ]d-™-ncn°pIbm-Wv. Cu hmIy-Øn\p

apºn-ep≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv ]q¿∆-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬50k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬ ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏- -Xn-t\bpw Xncp-

\-_n°p Jp¿-B≥ \evI-s∏- -Xn-t\bpw Ipdn-®m-Wv. AXns\

XpS¿∂mWv taep-≤-cn® DZm-l-c-W-hmIyw A√mlp ]d-bp-Ibpw

i≤m-]q¿∆w tIƒ°p-∂-h¿°p AXn¬ ]mT-ap-s≠-∂p¬t_m-

[n∏n°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hc-≠p-In-S-°p∂ qan°p ag-

sh≈w Poh pw ssNX-\yhpw \evIp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, A‘-hn-

izm-khpw A\m-Nm-chpw A[¿Ω-hp-am-Ip∂ DjvW-]m-ZØm¬

hc≠p \n¿÷o-h-am-bn-Øo¿∂ a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-ßsf Znhy-sh-

fn-]m-Sm-Ip∂ Bflo-b- hr-„n-ap-tJ\ ssZhw kPo-h-ß-fm-°n-

Øo¿°p∂p F∂mWv CXn¬\n∂p a\ n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. ho≠pw

Jp¿-B≥ ]dbp∂p:

""\o I≠nt√? A√mlp BIm-i-Øn¬ \n∂p sh≈-an-d°n

Aßs\ \mw AXp-ap-tJ\ hnhn[ h¿Æ-ß-tfm-Sp- Iq-Snb

^e-ßsf Dev]m-Zn-∏n-®p. ae-I-fn¬ NneXv shfp-Ø-hbpw

Nph-∂-hbpw hn-hn[ \nd-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpamb hgn-I-tfmSp

IqSn-b-h-bm-Wv. - NneXv hfsc IdpØ \nd-ap-≈-h-bpw. a\p-

jy-cnepw Pohn-I-fnepw I∂p-Im-en-I-fnepw AXp-t]mse

Xs∂ hnhn-[-ß-fmb h¿Æ-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bhbp≠v. \n›-

b-ambpw A√m-lphns\ `b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Ahs‚ Zmk-∑m-


cn¬\n-∂p≈ ⁄m\n-I-f-sX. Xo¿®-bmbpw A√mlp ]Xm-

]-hm\pw £an-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-h-\p-am-Ip∂p'' (35: 28, 29).

Cu hmIy-ßƒ°p apºn-ep≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb A√mlp \ntbm-Kn-®-Xn-

s\bpw apºv \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ ]hm-N-I-∑msc FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ

I≈-∑m-sc∂v hn[n-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS ZuXysØ \ntj-[n-

°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xp-t]m-se. Xncp-\-_nsb I≈-hm-Zn-sb∂p

hn[n-°p-Ibpw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ZuXysØ \ncm-I-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-Xn-t\bpw Ipdn-®m-Wv. XpS¿∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv A√mlp

BIm-i-Øn¬\n∂p sh≈-an-d°n ]e-hn[ I\n-h¿K-ßfpw

Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂p F∂pw a\p-jy¿°pw Poh-Pm-e-ßƒ°pw B

sh≈w Poh-k-‘m-c-W-Øn\p \nZm-\-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p-sh∂pw

a‰p-am-Wv. IqSm-sX, ⁄m\n-I-fmWv ssZhsØ b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv

F∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠p ssZh-Øns‚ Cu ]]-©-\n-b-a-sØ-

°p-dn®p Nn¥n-°p-∂-h¿ XØp-ey-amb Bflo-b- \n-b-a-sØ-°p-

dn®pw Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw AXn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v

ssZh-tØmSp b- -‡n-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-Øo-cm≥ km[n-°p-sa∂pw

Jp¿-B≥ kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu ]-kvXm-h-\sb XpS¿∂p≈

Bb-Øp-I-fnepw KŸw HmXp-Ibpw k¬I¿aw sNøp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-h¿°p al-Ømb ]Xn- ew In´p-sa∂pw \_n-Xn-cp-

ta-\n°p A√mlp \evInb hlvbv kXy-am-sW∂pw ]kvXm-

hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. Cßs\ hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬

A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n∂p ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏- -Xns\ qan-

bpsS hcƒ®-bv°p-tijw ag h¿jn-°p-amdmIp∂Xn t\mSp-]-

an®p ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xmbn Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw

ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]hm-N-I- \n-tbm-KsØ kw_-‘n® ssZhn-

I-\n-baw \n¿Ø-em-bn- n-s√-∂-Xn-te°v Jfin-X-amb Hcp tcJ-

bmWv D]-am-cq-]-Øn-ep≈ CØcw ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ. ]hm-N-I-

\n-tbm-K-Øn\p h¿jm-Kaw Hcp-]-a-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Jp¿-

Bs‚ ]kvXm-h\ A¿∞-c-ln-Xhpw Aÿm-\Øpw

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬52BsW∂p ]d-tb-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. Jp¿-Bs‚ hnh-cWw icn-

bm-sW∂p hcp-tºmƒ, F]-Imcw ag-ap-tJ\ `qansb Pohn-

∏n-°p-I-sb∂ \nbaw ]h¿Ø-\-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂-XmtWm A]-

Im-cw-Xs∂ Bflo-b-h¿jw aptJ\ Bflm-°sf Pohn-∏n-°p-

I-sb∂ \nb-ahpw Zp¿_e-s∏- p-t]m-bn- n-s√∂p a\- n-em-t°-

≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Jp¿-B≥ Cu DZm-l-cWw \evIn-bn-cn-°p-

tºmƒ, ]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw \ne-®p-t]m-bn-´p-s≠∂pw C\n

]hm-N-I-∑m¿ D≠m-I-bn-s√∂pw ]d-bp-∂Xp kzoIm-cy-am-bn-

cn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ ag s]øp-∂Xp \ne-®n-cn-°p-I-tbm- A-Yhm

Xncp-ta-\nbpsS Bhn¿`m-h-Øn-\p-tijw a\p-jy¿°p

Bflob-hcƒ® _m[n-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw _m[n-®n- n-s√∂pw hcn-

Itbm thWw. F∂m¬ ag s]ø¬ \ne-®p-t]m-bn-´n-√. a\p-

jy-cm-sW-¶n¬; a‰p-≈-h¿ t]mIs´ apkvenw-IƒX-s∂, Bflo-

b-ambn Poh-\‰p-In-S-°p-I-bp-am-Wv. B ÿnXn°v Jp¿-B-\n¬

Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®p ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ ]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw

\ne-®p-t]m-bn- ps≠∂p-]d-bm-hp-∂-sX-ßns\?

C∂p temI-Øns‚ [m¿an-Ihpw B[ym-fln-I-hp-amb \ne

Fßs\-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂p hnh-cn-t°-≠Xn√. Xn-cp-\_n- hy‡-amb \ne-bn¬ ]h-Nn-®-Xpt]mse Ckvem-an¬\n∂pw

apkvenw-Iƒ Zqc-s∏- pt]ms-b-∂pw, Ah¿ blqZ \km-dmbv°p

Xpey-cm-bn-°-gn-™n- p-s≠∂pw Ckvem-ans‚ t]cpw Jp¿-Bs‚

en]nbpw amXsa tijn-°p-∂p-≈p-sh∂pw apkvenw-I-fn-ep≈

hnhn[ I£n-I-fnse ]fin-X-∑mcpw t\Xm-°-∑mcpwXs∂

kΩ-Xn®p ]d-™n- p≠v. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Rm≥ Nne ]kvXm-

h\Iƒ amXw D≤-cn-°mw.

"Alvsel-Zokv' I£n-bpsS hnipX t\Xmhpw ]fin-X-\p-

amb \hm_v kn±oJv lk≥Jm≥ kmln_v Cßs\ Fgp-Xn-

bn-cn-°p∂p:

""Ct∏mƒ Ckvem-ans‚ t]cpw Jp¿-Bs‚ en]nbpw amXta


Ah-ti-jn-∏p-≈q. ]≈n-Iƒ _mly-ambn P\-\n-_n-U-ß-fm-sW-

¶nepw lnZm-bØv tIhew iq\y-ß-f-tX. Cu DΩ-Ønse Benw-

Iƒ BIm-i-Øn-¶o-gn¬ G‰hpw Zpjn-®-h-cm-Wv. "^nXv\'

Ahcn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ ]pd-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ah-cn-te-°p-Xs∂ aS-

ßp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p'' (C-JvXn-d-m_p- m-A. `m. 12).

blq-Z-cp-sS -\n-esb hnh-cn-®-Xn-∂p-tijw auehn k\m-D-√mlv

kmln_v Aar-X-kcn C]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p:

""Cß-s\-bp≈ ZpjvI¿Ω-ßfpw \oNamb kº-Zm-b-ßfpw

apkvenw-I-fn¬ s]mXpth hym]n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. "A√m-lp-

hns‚ KŸ-amb Jp¿-Bs\ Dt]-£n-®p-sIm≠p Ah¿ ssZh-

K-ŸsØ ]pdw-X-≈n-°-f-™n-cn-°p∂p' F∂ Jp¿-Bs‚

]kvXm-h-\bv°p Ch¿ ]mX-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. I≈ -\n-

th-Z-\-ßfpw \nc¿Y-I-ß-fmb IY-Ifpw hnh-cn-°p∂ cwK-amWv

Ct∏mƒ \ΩpsS anº-dp-Iƒ. hnip-≤- Jp¿-B≥ X\n D]-tZ-

ihpw D]-tZ-im¿Yw Cd-ßnb hN-\-ß-fp-am-Wv. ]cn-ip-≤-\-_n-Ft∏mgpw AXp HmXn-s°m-≠m-bn-cp∂p Xs‚ JpXzv_-I-fn¬

P\-ßƒ°v D]-tZiw \evIn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. B KŸ-Øns‚

C∂sØ \ne-bm-sW-¶n¬ JpXz-v_I-fn¬t]mepw AXn\v

ÿm\-an-√. "Fs‚ \mYm Fs‚ P\w Cu Jp¿-Bs\ Dt]-£n-

®p-I-f-™n-cn°p∂p' F∂p dkq¬ \ymb-hn-kvXm-c-\m-fn¬ ]d

bpw F∂p ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- -Xn≥h-Æ-ap≈ Ip‰w \Ωp-sS-ta¬

Npa-Ø-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ I„w, \mw F¥p adp-]Sn \evIpw?''

(X-^vko¿ k-\m-bn, hmfyw 1, `m. 73,74).

ho≠pw At±lw ]d-bp∂p: ""CXp-X-s∂-bmWv C∂sØ

apkvenwIfp-sSbpw \ne. Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-ß-fn-ep≈ sX‰p-

I-sf-°p-dn-®m-sW-¶n¬, Cuiz-tc- c-£Xp!... GtXXp A_-≤-

hn-izm-k-ßsf Jfin-°m-\m-bmtWm A√mlp Bbn-c-°-W-

°mb ]hm-N-I-∑msc Ab-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xp XnI®pw AtX-

X-c-Øn-ep≈ hnizm-k-ß-fmWv \ma-am-X-amb Cu apkvenw-Ifpw

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬54kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°-∂-Xv. CXmWv hnizm-k-ß-fpsS \ne. I¿Ω-ß-

sf-°p-dn-®m-sW-¶n¬ tNmZn-°p-Itb th≠... Atlm, I„w!

Zu¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ \mw CsX√mw ImtW-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.'

(X-^vko¿k-\m-bn, hmfyw 1, `mKw. 87).

At±lw ho≠pw ]d-bp∂p: ""hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬ blq-Zn-

Isf kw_-‘n®v Ah¿ KŸ-Øns‚ Hcp mKw hniz-kn-°p

Ibpw Hcp `mKw hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cn°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂psh∂v

Bt£-]n-°-s∏- n- p≠v. C∂v Alvse lZo-kp-I-fmb \Ω-fn¬

Cu Ip‰w ]tXy-I-ambn ImWs-∏-Sp∂psh∂Xp hyk-\m-h-l-

am-Wv.'' (A-lv¬lZokv, 1907, G]n¬ 19. `m.9).

]ns∂bpw At±lw ]d-bp∂p: ""\Ωn¬ \n∂v hnip-≤- Jp¿-

B≥ Db¿∂p-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂Xp kXy-am-Wv. t]cn-\p-

amXw \mw Jp¿-B-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, ssZh-ØmW

kXyw, lrZ-bw-sIm≠v \mw AXns\ shdpw km[m-c-Whpw

\n-cp-]-tbm-K-hp-amb Hcp KŸ-am-bnt´ IW-°m-°p-∂p≈q''

(Alv¬ lZo-kv, 14.6.1961, `m. 6)

auehn k\m-D-√mlv kmln-_ns‚ ta¬]kvXm-h-\-I-

fn¬\n∂p hy‡-am-Ip-∂Xv Bbn-c-°-W-°n-ep≈ ]hm-N-I-

∑m¿ GtXXp A‘-hn-izm-k-ß-tfbpw A\m-Nm-c-ß-tfbpw

\n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøm≥ h∂pthm AsX√mw apkvenwI-fn¬

X-s∂-bp-s≠-∂m-Wv. amX-a-√, Alv¬l-Zokv I£n-IqSn blq-

Zn-Iƒ°v Xpey-cm-bn-°-gn-™n-cn-°p∂p F∂m-W-t±lw hy‡-

ambn ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXn¬\n∂p hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-

\pw- lZokv KŸ-ßfpw \ΩpsS CS-bn¬ D≠mbncp∂n´pw

apkvenw-I-fpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ hc-≠p-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂t√ a\-

n-em-Ip-∂Xv?

Ihn km¿h- u-a≥ A√mam tUm. CJv_m¬ C]-Imcw ]mSp-

I-bp-≠m-bn:


ëtëìÌ›yñŠ Øgìƒ‰Š*Ð›y**1Š

t›yÎŠNÆÑâN·Š zä~?ƒ»gòÂÕy~~Š

""apkvenw-Iƒ temIØp\n∂p Xntcm-[m\w sNø-s∏- p-sh∂p

apd-hnfn tIƒ°p-∂p. F∂m¬ apkvenw-Iƒ Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw

D≠m-bn-cp-∂pthm F∂mWv \mw tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv. \nßƒ BIr-

Xn-bn¬ InkvXym-\n-I-fm-sW-¶n¬ \mK-cn-I-X-bn¬ -lnµp°fm-

Wv. Cu apkven-Iwsf I≠n v blq-ZnIƒ t]mepw \mWn-®p-

t]m-Ip∂p'' (_m-s¶Zdm).

Cßs\ henb henb ]fin-X-∑m¿ amX-a-√, Alva-Zn-ø-

Øns‚ sshcn-Iƒ X-s∂bpw C∂sØ apkvenwI-fpsS \ne-

sb-°p-dn®p hf-sc-b-[nIw hne-]n-®p- ]-d-™n- p-≠v. DZm-l-c-W-

ambn NneXp amXw tN¿Øp Ft∂-bp-≈q. Cßs\, Ckvem-

ans‚ t]cpw Jp¿-Bs‚ en]n-Ifpw amXw tijn-°p∂ Hc-

hÿ D≠m-hp-Ibpw apkvenwIƒ, blq-Zn-\-km-dm-°ƒ apX-emb

Aap-kvenw-I-tfmSp kmZr-iy-ap-≈-h-cm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn-

cns° apkvenw lrZ-b-ßƒ B≤ym-fln-I-ambn hc-≠p-t]m-bn-

´n√ F∂p Fßs\ ]d-bm≥ km[n-°pw. Cß-s\, Bbn-c-°-

W-°mb ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ \nbp-‡-cm-bn-cp∂ Ime-L- -ß-tfmSp

kZr-i-amb Ime-amWv CXp F∂p kΩ-Xn-°p-tºmƒ, Aß-

s\-bp≈ Hc-h-ÿ-bn¬ Bflo-b-h¿jw s]øn-°p-I-sb∂

ssZho-I-\n-b-ahpw Xo¿®-bm-bpw ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ htc-≠n-bn-

cn-°p-∂p. As√-¶n¬ Jp¿-B-s‚-ta¬ ]kvXm-h\ kXy-hn-cp-

≤-am-sW∂p h∂p-t]m-Ipw. BI-bm¬, hnip-≤- Jp¿-B≥ kpc-

£n-Xm-h-ÿ-bn-ep-≈-Xp-sIm≠p C\n-bmcpw ssZh-Øn-¶¬

\n∂p htc-≠-Xn-s√t∂m a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-ßƒ hc-≠p-t]mb-bn -

-s√t∂m ]d-™p-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xm-Wv.

Cu kwKXn hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂p as‰mcp ]Im-c-

Ønepw a\- n-em-Ip-∂p-≠v. temIØp A[m¿Ωn-I-X-bpsS

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬56A‘-Imcw hym]n-°p-Ibpw a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-Øns‚ Bflo-b-

\ne Zpjn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºm-gmWv ]hm-N-I -\n-tbmKw D≠m-

Ip-∂-sX∂p Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p. Cu \ne Xncp-ta-\n°p

tijw D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂p Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√. adn-®v,

apkvenwIƒ blqZn \km-dm-°tfmSv XnI®pw kZr-i-cmbn hn-

°p-sa-∂mWv Jp¿-B\pw \_n-h-N-\-ßfpw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-

∂-Xv. temIØv hgn-tISpw A[¿ahpw hym]n-®-t∏m-gmWv ]hm-

N-I-∑m¿ \nbp-‡-cm-bn- p-≈-sX-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v hnip-≤ -Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

""Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah¿°v apºv ]q¿hnI-cn¬ A[n-Ihpw hgn-

]n-g-®p-t]m-bn-cp-∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah-cn¬ \mw ap∂dn-bn-

∏pImsc Ab-®p-sIm-SpØp'' (37:72,73). ChnsS P\-ßƒ hgn-

]n-g-®p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ ]hm-N-I-∑msc Ab-°p-I-sb-∂Xp A√m-

lp-hns‚ Hcp \nb-a-sa-t∂m-W-amWv ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS \ntbm-K-sØ-∏‰n Jp¿-B≥ ]d-

bp-∂Xv,

""a\p-jy-cpsS ZpjvsN-bvXn-Iƒ \n-anØw Ic-bnepw IS-enepw

Hcp-t]mse A[¿aw hym]n-®n-cp∂p'' (30:42) F∂m-Wv.

ChnsS Ic-bnepw IS-enepw F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xp Be-

¶m-cn-I-am-bn- m-Wv. a\p-jy-cm-I-am-\w, AXm-bXv Ipt_-ccpw IptN-

e-cpw, ]fin-Xcpw ]ma-c-cpw, KŸm-h-Im-in-Ifpw A√m-Ø-hcpw

Bb F√m P\-hn- m-K-ßfpw Hcp-t]mse A[¿a-Øn¬ apgp-In-

bn-cp∂ Ime-am-bn-cp∂p AsX-∂¿Yw. Cß-s\, hcƒ®-°p-

tijw D≠m-Ip∂ h¿j-tØmSp \p_p∆-Øns‚ Bhn¿`m-

hsØ hnh-cn-®-Xp-t]mse ChnsS A[¿a-Øns‚ A‘-Imcw

hym]n-°p-tºmƒ \p_p∆-Øns‚ shfn®w DZbw sNøp∂p


F∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ a\- n-em°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw ]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂p ]d-bp-∂Xp

icn-bm-I-W-sa-¶n¬, Xncp-ta-\n°ptijw Bflo-b- \n-e-bn-

ep≈ A‘-Imcw hym]n-°p-I-bn-s√∂p ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬, B A‘-Imcw k¿∆X hym]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn \p_p-

∆Øv \ne-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂p D®-Øn¬ tLmjn-°p-∂-

h¿Xs∂ kΩ-Xn-®p- ]-d-bp-∂p-≠v.

A√ma kønZv kpsse-am≥ kmln_v \Zvhn Cu ssZhn-I -\n-

b-a-sØ-°p-dn®v C]-Imcw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p:

""`qapJ-Øv ]m]-ß-fm-Ip∂ A‘-Im-chpw ZpjvIr-Xy-ß-fm-

Ip∂ Ccpfpw hym]r-X-am-Ip-tºmƒ Acp-tWm-Z-b-ap-≠m-hp-Ibpw

t\¿am¿Kam-Ip∂ kqcy≥ ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

temIm-cm-a-Øn¬ Xn∑-I-fm-Ip∂ DXn-cp-Imew hym]n-°p-tºmƒ

EXp-\ne amdp-Ibpw \p_q-∆-Øm-Ip∂ hk-¥-Imew DZbw

sNøp-Ibpw sNøp∂p'' (ko-d-Øp-∂-_n, 3˛mw hmfyw, `m. 1˛2).

Z¬ln-bnse "A¬ Aam≥' ]Xw ]d-bp∂p:

""temI-N-cn-X-Ønse Xnf-ßp∂ HtcSv CXm-Ip-∂p. temIw

A‘-hn-izm-k-ß-fp-ambn ASp-°p-Ibpw bmYm¿∞y-ß-

fn¬\n∂p Zqc-s∏- p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNbv-Xt∏mƒ A√m-lp-hns‚

`mK-Øp-\n∂v Hcp ]cn-jvI¿Øm-hv, Hcp apkven-lv, Hcp t\Xm-

hv, \m´n-t\mSpw \m´p-Im-tcmSpap≈ A\p-I-ºm-t_m-[sØ X∂n-

e-¶p-cn-∏n-®p-sIm≠p Fgp-t∂-ev°p-Ibpw \m´n-t\bpw \m´p-Im-

tcbpw Hcp tIµ-Øn¬ Hcp-an-∏-n°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Aßs\

\mSp \mSm-sW∂pw kap-Zmbw kap-Zm-b-am-sW∂pw ]d-b-s∏-

Sm-\p≈ A¿lX kn≤n® B tIµ-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h-cp-∂p.

AXpt]mse-Xs∂ a\p-jy-PmXn AXns‚ bYm¿∞ Bcm-[y-

\n¬\n∂p hnZq-c-s∏´p kr„n-]q-P-tbmSp ASp-°p-Ibpw hgnt-

tI-Sn\pw A⁄-Xbv°pw \mi-Øn\pw Ipdn-bm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw

sNøp-tºmƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw GXm-Inepw Hcp \_n \ntbm-Kn-°-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬58s∏-Sp-Ibpw At±lw ssZh-Øns‚ Zmk-∑msc Ah-t\mSp IqSp-

X¬ IqSp-X¬ ASp-∏n-°m≥ Atß-b-‰w- hsc ]cn-i-an-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂p'' (A¬ Aam≥, 17-˛7-˛'32).

Cßs\ A‘-Im-c-Øn-\p-tijw ]`mXw DZbw sNøp-Ibpw

DXn-cp-Im-e-Øn-∂p-tijw hk-¥-Imew Bcw-`n-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂-Xpt]mep≈ A√m-lp-hns‚ Hcp \nb-a-amWv temIw

A[¿a-Øn¬ B≠p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ ]hm-N-I-∑msc \ntbm-Kn-

°p-I-sb-∂Xv F∂p Hcp mKØp ]fin-X-∑m¿ Dss—-kvXcw

tLmjn-°p-∂p. adp- m-KØv C∂sØ temIw A[¿a-Ønepw

A‘-Im-c-Ønepw apgp-In-bn-cn-°p∂v F∂p Ah¿ kΩ-Xn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Bbn-c-°-W-°mb ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ FØ-c-Øn-

ep≈ A‘-hn-izm-k-ß-tfbpw A[¿a-ß-tf-bpw, A\m-Nm-c-ß-

tfbpw hn]m-S\w sNøm≥ \nbp-‡-cm-bn-cp-∂pthm AtXX-c-

Øn-ep≈ A‘-hn-izm-k-ß-fpw A\m-Nm-c-ß-fpw A[¿a-ßfpw

C∂p temIØv ho≠pw \S-am-Sp∂p F∂p-t]mepw Ah¿ ]d-

bp-∂p. F∂m¬, AtX hnizm-k-Øn¬ X-s∂, AtX \mhp-

sIm-≠p-X-s∂, Ah¿ C\n Hcp ]hm-N-I\pw hcn-I-bn-s√∂pw

htc-≠-Xn-s√∂pw iTn-®p-]-d-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. F¥p-amXw

B›-cy-I-c-amb Hcp \ne-hm-c-am-WnXv! GXm-hiyw ]cn-l-cn-

°m≥th≠n Bbn-c°-W-°mb ]hm-N-I-∑msc A√mlp ]q¿h-

Im-e-ß-fn¬ \ntbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂pthm AtX Bh-iy-ßfpw

kml-N-cy-ßfpw C∂pw Ds≠∂p ]d-bp-∂-h¿Xs∂ ]q¿h-

Im-eØp AXns‚ ]cn-lm-cm¿Yw GsXmcp \nb-a-sØ-bmtWm

A√mlp \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øn-bn-cp-∂Xv B \nbaw \n¿Ø¬

sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hns‚ \nb-

asØ Ch-cmWv ssIImcyw sNøp∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-

K-lsØ XS-bm≥ Ch¿ ian-°p∂p! F∂m¬, hnip-≤-

Jp¿B≥ ]e-cq-]-Ønepw \ap°v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂Xv B

\nbaw \n¿Ø-em-°-s∏- n- n-s√∂pw a‰p \nb-a-ß-sf-t∏m-se-

Xs∂ AXpw _e-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-am-Wv.


F v


\n¿Ø¬ Bbn-´n-s√∂p sXfn-bn-°p∂ as‰mcp Jp¿-B≥

hN\w CXmWv: A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

""Hcp ]hm-N-Is\ \ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc \mw in£n-°p-

∂-X√'' (17:16)

Cu hmIy-Øn¬\n∂p hy‡-am-Ip-∂Xv A√mlp temIØv

in£ Cd-°p-∂-Xn-∂p-apºv ]hm-N-Is\ \ntbm-Kn-®-b®v Ahsc

DW¿Øpw F∂m-Wv. Aßs\ `b-¶-c-amb in£-bn-d-°p-I-

sb∂ ssZho-I-\n-baw ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-K-tØmSp _‘n-°-s∏-

-Xm-sW-∂mWv Cu BbØn¬ hy‡-am-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

At∏m-ƒ Jp¿-Bs‚ Cu ]kvXm-h-\-b-\p-k-cn®v temIØv

A√m-lp-hns‚ in£-bn-d-ßp-∂-Xn-\p-apºv Hcp dkq¬ Ah-X-

cn-t°-≠Xp Ahs‚ N -am-sW∂v kn≤n-°p-∂p. BI-bm¬

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw Hcp ]hm-N-I\pw \nbp-‡-\m-I-

bn√ F∂p ]d-b-W-sa-¶n¬ temIm-h-km-\w-hsc temIØv

A√m-lp-hn¬\n-∂p≈ in£bpw Cd-ßp-I-bn-s√∂pw kΩ-Xn-

t°-≠n-h-cp-w. F∂m¬, Xncp-ta-\n-bv°p-tijw temIØv b-¶-

c-amb in£bpw \mihpw D≠m-hp-∂-X-s√-∂-√, adn®v D≠m-hp-

∂-Xm-sW-∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°nØcp-∂-Xv. Jp¿-B≥

]d-bp-I-bmWv:

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬60 ""Jnbm-aØv \mfn∂p apºv \mw Hmtcm ] -WtØbpw \in-

∏n-°p-Itbm ITn-\-ambn in£n-°p-Itbm sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-I-

bn√'' (17:59)

Cu hmIy-Øn¬ Hmtcm ] -W-Øn∂pw Jnbm-a-Øn-∂p-apºv

\mitam b-¶c in£tbm D≠m-hp-∂-Xm-sW-∂mWv A√mlp

Acp-fn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cßs\ Hcp mK-Øp, ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-K-

Øn∂p tij-amWv ssZhw in£ Cd-°p-I-sb∂pw as‰mcp

`mKØp temI-hym-]-I-amb Xc-Øn¬ `b-¶-c-amb \mihpw

in£bpw temI-Øn-d-ßp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw ]d-™p-sIm≠p ]hm-

N-I-\n-tbm-KsØ kw_-‘n® ssZho-I-\n-baw Zp¿∫-e-s∏- p-

t]m-bn- n-s√-∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°nØcp-∂-Xv. \_n-Xn-

cp-ta-\n-bv°p-tijw ]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw D≠mhpIbn-s√∂p

kn≤m-¥n-°p-∂-h¿ B Znhym-flm-hn∂p tijw temIØp

A¥y-\mƒhsc ssZh-Øn-¶¬\n-∂p≈ b-¶c in£ Cd-ßp-

I-bn-s√∂pw kΩ-Xn®p ]d-tb-≠n≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°p Hcn-°-epw-Xs∂

Aßs\ ]dbm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. ssZh-in£ Cd-ßp-∂-Xn∂p

A√mlp ]d-™-Im-cWw ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-K-am-Wv. B ImcWw

kw -hy-a-s√-¶n¬ AXns‚ Imcy-amb in£ Hcn-°epw D≠m-

hm≥ ]mSp-≈-X-√. BI-bm¬ ]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw \n›-b-ambpw

D≠m-Im-sa-∂mWv CXn¬\n∂p a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. \_n-Xn-cp-

ta-\n-bv°p-tijw bmsXmcp Xc-Øn-ep-≈ ]hmN-I-\n-tbm-Khpw

D≠m-hp-I-bn√ F∂mWv A√mlp Xocp-am-\n-®-sX-¶n¬ hnip-

≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ ta¬]-Imcw ]d-bp-∂-Xn\p ]Icw temIØp

C\n ssZh-Øn-¶¬\n∂p `b-¶-c-amb in£ Hcn-°-epw-Xs∂

D≠m-hp-∂-X√ Ft∂m AYhm ssZh-Øn-¶¬\n-∂p≈ b-¶-

c-amb in£ Cd-ßp-∂-Xn∂v apºv Hcp dkq¬ \nbp-‡-\m-bn-cn-

t°-≠-Xn√ Ft∂m Bbn-cn°pw ]kvXm-hn-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

F∂m¬, temIØp Hcp b-¶-c-amb in£ ssZhw Cd°p∂-

Xm-sW∂v. Aßs\ in£-bn-d-°p-∂-Xn∂v apºmbn ssZhw


]hm-N-Is\ Fgp-t∂-ev]n-°p-∂-Xm-sW-∂p-asX Jp¿-B≥

hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv.

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ C]-Imcw ]kvXm-hn-°p-tºmƒ \_n Xncp-

ta-\n-bv°p-tijw Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ \_nbpw shfn-s∏-Sp-∂-

X-s√∂ hnizmkw Jp¿-B-\nI hnizm-k-a-s√-∂Xp kv]„-am-

Wv. Jp¿-B≥ Cu kwKXn ]e cq]-Ønepw hn[-Ønepw a\-

nem°nØcp-∂p-s≠-¶n-epw, ]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw C\n-ta-en¬

Hcn-°epw D≠m-hp-I-bn√ F∂p Xocp-am-\n-®-h¿ Jp¿-Bs‚ Cu

]kvXm-h-\-I-sfbpw A[ym-]-\-ßsfbpw s]mcp-fn-°msX Ae-

£y-am-°p-∂-Xn¬ B›-cy-s∏-Sm-\n-√-t√m. Jp¿-Bs‚ hy‡-

amb ]mT-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h¿°m-Is´ B ]hnX KŸ-

Øns‚ a‰p ]mT-ß-sf-sb-∂-t]mse Cu ]mT-sØbpw kzoI-

cn-°p-Itb \n¿∆m-l-ap-≈q.

Cu Bb-Øn¬ \mw ]hm-N-Is\ \ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc

in£n-°p-I-bn√ F∂p ]d-™Xp Cl-tem-IsØ in£-sb-

°p-dn-®-s√∂pw ]c-tem-IsØ in£-sb-∏-‰n-bm-sW∂pw Nne¿

]d-bm-dp-≠v. F∂m¬, ChnsS ]c-tem-IsØ in£sb°p-dn-

®√ ]d-b-s∏- -sX∂p B hmIy-Ønse ]Z-L-S-\-Xs∂ hy‡-

am-°n-Ø-cp-∂p≠v Hcp dkq-ens\ \ntbm-Kn-°p-thmfw in£n-

°p-∂-X√ F∂ hmN-Iw-Xs∂ a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂Xv Cu

temIØv in£ Cd-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p-X-s∂-bm-Wv Bb-Øn¬

]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂m-Wv. As√-¶n¬, Hcp dkq-ens\

Ab-°p-thmfw F∂p ]d-™Xp \nc¿∞-I-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-

Wv. amX-a-√, B hmIysØ XpS¿∂p-sIm≠p ]kvXm-hn-°-

s∏´ hmIyhpw B kwKXn kqcy-]-Im-iw-t]mse kv]„-am-

°n-Ø-cp-∂p-≠v. AXn-ß-s\-bmWv:

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬62""\mw Hcp \K-csØ \in-∏n-°m≥ Dt±-in-®m¬ AXn-ep≈

aq∏-∑m-tcmSp \mw Iev]n-°p-∂p. ]s£ Ah¿ A°m-cy-

Øn¬ A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv ImWn-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ Ah-cp-sS-

ta¬ in£sb kw_-‘n® hn[n ÿnc-s∏-Sp-∂p. Aßs\

\mw Ahsc icn°pw \in-∏n-°p∂p'' (17:17)

CXns\ XpS¿∂p≈ Bb-Øn¬ ""\qln-\p-tijw FX Xe-

ap-d-I-sf-bmWv \mw \in-∏n-®Xv'' F∂p Jp¿-B≥ tNmZn-®Xpw

]kvXpX in£ sFln-I-amb in£- X-s∂-sb∂p hy‡-am-

°n-Ø-cp-∂p-≠v.

Cu kwKXn Jp¿-B≥ a‰p ÿe-ß-fnepw ]kvXm-hn-®n- p-

≠v. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

""\ns‚ \mY≥ \K-c-ßsf \in-∏n-°p-∂-h-\-√. AXnse

][m\ ÿeØp Ahn-sS-bp-≈-h¿°p \ΩpsS hN-\-ßsf

HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p∂ ]hm-N-Is\ Ab-°p-thmfw'' (28:60)

Cß-s\, ]hm-N-Is\ \ntbm-Kn-®-ti-j-amWv A√mlp in£

Cd-°m-dp-≈Xv F∂p ta¬ Bb-Øn¬ ]d-™Xv Cu temIØv

Ah≥ Cd-°p∂ in£-sb-∏‰nØs∂-bm-sW∂v hnip-≤- Jp¿-

B≥ hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂p. BI-bm¬, Ip‰-hm-fn-Iƒ°p ]c-

tem-I-Øp-sh®p \evI-s∏-Sp∂ in£-sb-°p-dn-®m-Wn-sX∂p ]d-

bp-∂Xp hnip-≤ -Jp¿-Bs‚ Cu hy‡-amb ]kvXm-h-\-bvs°-

Xn-cm-Wv.

A√mam kønZv kpsse-am≥ kmln_v \Zvhn Cu Bb-Øn-

s\-°p-dn®p ""Hcp kaq-l-sØbpw Ah-cn¬ ]hm-N-Is\ \ntbm-

Kn-°p-thmfw \mw in£-bn¬ AI-s∏-Sp-Øm-dn√'' F∂¿∞w

]d-™-p-sIm≠p ]kvXp-X-in£ Cu temIØp Cd-ßp∂

in£-X-s∂-bm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p∂p (A¿kp¬ Jp¿-B≥ hmeyw 1. `mKw 168)


ChnsS in£ F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xp `mKn-I-ambn a\p

jy¿°v km[m-cW A\p- -h-s∏-Sp∂ _p≤n-ap- p-I-sf-°p-dn-®√

F∂pw AXv k¿∆-hym-]-I-amb b-¶c hn]-Øp-I-sf-°p-dn-®m-

sW∂pw a\- n-em-Ip-∂p-≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬, A√mlp ]hm-N-I-

∑msc \ntbm-Kn-®-tijw temIØv Cd-°p∂ b-¶-c- \m-i-sØ-

°p-dn-®mWv ChnsS ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. BI-bm¬

temIw \en-hn-fn®p t]mIp-amdv ]e-Xcw \mi-\-„-ßƒ°pw

bmX-\-Iƒ°pw e£y-am-bn-Øo-cp∂ ssZhn-Iin£Isf-°p-dn-

®mWv Jp¿-B≥ ap≥]-d™ Bb-Øn¬ ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-

∂-sX∂p Icp-tX-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

ChnsS ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ in£ Cl-tem-I-Øp-sh®pw kw -

hn-°p-∂-Xp-X-s∂-sb∂pw AXp ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-K-Øn-\p-tijw

temI-Øn-d-ßp∂ in£-I-fm-sW∂pw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ as‰mcp

]Im-c-Ønepw \ap°p a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂p≠v. Jp¿-B≥ ]d-

bp∂p:

""\mw AXn-∂p-ap-ºmbn (Zr-„m-¥-ß-tfm-Sp-IqSn ]hm-N-Is\

Ab-°p-∂-Xn\p apºm-bn, Ahsc in£-sIm≠p \in-∏n-®n-

cp-s∂-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah¿ ]d-bp-am-bn-cp∂p Rß-fpsS

\mYm, Rßƒ°mbn Hcp ]hm-N-Is\ Ab-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬

Rßƒ Cu A]-am-\hpw Ffn-abpw A\p- -hn-°p-∂-Xn∂p

apºmbn \ns‚ hN\w A\p-k-cn-°p-am-bn-cp∂p'' (20:135)

Cu hmIy-Øn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂Xp ChnsS ]kvXm-

hn® ssZh-in-£bpw \mihpw Cu temI-Øv X-s∂-bp-≠m-hp-

∂-Xm-sW∂pw AXp-≠m-hp-∂Xp ]hm-N-I≥ \nbp-‡-\m-b-

Xn\p tij-am-sW-∂p-am-Wv. BI-bm¬, ta¬ Bb-Øn¬

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬64]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ in£ ]c-tem-IsØ kw_-‘n-°p-∂-Xm-

sW∂p Icp-Xm-h-X-√.

A√mlp Cd-°p-∂-Xmbn Jp¿-B≥ ]d™ B b-¶-c- in£

A\-h[n \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v apºv temIØv Ah-Xo¿W-cmb GsX-

¶nepw ]hm-N-Is\ \ncm-I-cn-°p-Ibpw \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvX-Xp-sIm-≠m-sW∂p Icp-Xp-∂Xpw A_-≤-am-Wv. Hcp

]hm-N-Is‚ \ntbm-K-Im-eØpw \ntbm-K-Øn-\p-ti-j-ap≈ ASp-

Ø-Im-eØpw Bbn-cn°pw B in£ Cd-ßp-I-sb∂pw ]kvXpX

Bb-Øp-IƒXs∂ a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂p-≠v. in£ A\p- -h-

s∏-Sp-∂Xv \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°p apºv shfn-s∏´ Hcp ]hm-N-Is\

\ntj-[n-°p-Itbm I≈-\m°n X≈p-Itbm sNbvX-Xp-sIm-≠m-

hp-sa-¶n¬, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb \ntj-[n-®-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Cu

ImeØp \ntj-[n-Iƒ in£-b-\p- -hn-t°≠n hcp-∂-sX∂p

apkvenw-Iƒ ]d-bp-tºmseX-s∂, Cukm-\-_nsb \ntj-[n-®-

Xp-sIm-≠m-sW∂p InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°pw, aqkm-\-_nsb \ntj-

[n-®-Xp-sIm-≠m-sW∂v blq-Z¿°pw ]d-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

C¥ybn¬ ]q¿∆-Im-eØp ]Xy-£-cmb ]hm-N-Isc \ntj-

[n-®-Xp-sIm-≠m-sW∂p lnµp-°ƒ°pw, AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂

CXc aXm-\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°pw Aßs\ hmZn-°m-\-h-Im-i-ap-≠m-

bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬, ]-kvXpX hmIy-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂

XØz-Øn-\p-Xs∂ \nc-°m-Ø-XmWv B hmZ-sa∂p a\- n-em-

°m≥ ]bm-k-an-√.

C°m-eØv temIw ]e-X-c-Øn-ep≈ ssZho-I- in-£-Iƒ°pw

e£y-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-´p-s≠∂p temIw apd-hn-fn-Iq-´p-∂p-≠v.

]tXy-In®p apkvenw-tem-Iw. apkvenw-I-fpsS ]X-ßƒ t\m°p-

∂-Xm-bm¬ Ah-bn¬ ]kn-≤-am-Ip∂ teJ-\-ß-fpsS Xe-

s°-´p-IƒXs∂ Cu kwKXn hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂-p≠v. Cu ASp-

Ø-Im-e-Ømbn temIØv D≠mb Pe-]-f-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®p Nne

apkvenw ]X-ßƒ ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp ]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS

Ime-Øp-≠mb ssZh-in-£-sb-t∏m-ep≈ kw -h-ß-fmWv Ah-


sb-∂-sX. ssZ¿Ly- -b-Øm¬ AØcw ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ Rm\n-

hnsS D≤-cn-°p-∂n-√. Npcp-°-Øn¬ hnip-≤- Jp¿-B≥ ]e-cq-]-

Ønepw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-KsØ kw_-‘n®

A√m-lp-hns‚ \nbaw \n¿Ø-em-bn- n-s√-∂m-Wv.


HºXv

\p_p-∆-ØmIp∂ A\pKlw \ne-®p-t]m-bn- n-s√∂pw AXp

A√mlp C—n-°p-∂-h¿°p \¬Ip-∂-Xm-sW∂pw ]hm-N-I-\n-

tbm-K-\n-baw \n›-e-am-bn- n-s√∂pw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ kqcy-]-

Im-iw-t]mse hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂p-s≠∂p ]e Jp¿-B≥

hmIy-ßfpw D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠p Rm≥ ap≥ Jfi-ß-fn¬ sXfn-

bn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. F∂m¬ _lp-P-\-ßsf sX‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°m≥

Alva-Zn-ø-Øns‚ sshcn-Iƒ km[m-cW Alva-Zn-I-sf-°p-dn®p

]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m-dp≈ Bt£]w Ah¿ hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs\

Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøp-Ibpw C„m-\p-k-cWw Jp¿-B\v A¿Yw

]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ Cu Bt£]w

\qdp-i-X-am\w I≈hpw hntZz-j-Øns‚ ^ehpw amX-am-Wv.

Alva-Zn-Iƒ Jp¿-Bs\ Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøp-∂-h-cm-sW-¶n¬

AXp tcJm-aqew sXfn-bn-t°-≠Xv B Bt£-]-I-∑m-cpsS Npa-

X-e-bm-Wv. ]t£, Ah¿°Xpw km[n-°p-I-bn-√. hnip-≤-Jp¿-

Bs\ Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøp-Itbm kzm¿∞- Xm-Xv]-cy-Øns\m

Øp AXn-\¿∞w ]d-bp-Itbm sNøp-∂Xp Ip vdpw ssZh-in-

£bv°p ]mX-am-°n-Øo¿°p∂ ISpØ ]mX-I-hp-am-sW-∂mWv

Alva-Zn-Iƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah¿ Jp¿-Bs\ hymJym-\n-

°p-∂-Xm-I-s´, Ad-_n- m-jbv°pw Ad_n hymI-c-W-Øn\pw

Jp¿-Bs‚ s]mXp-A-[ym-]-\-Øn\pw hnip-≤- Jp¿Bs‚ aln-

X-ÿm-\-Øn\pw tbmPn-® hn[-Øn¬ amX-am-Ip-∂p. ]hm-N-I-

\n-tbm-K-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ A√m-lp-hns‚ \nbaw \n¿Ø¬ sNø-

s∏- n- n√ F∂p sXfn-bn-°m≥ Rm≥ apºp-≤-cn® Jp¿-B≥

hmIy-ßƒ°v sImSpØ A¿Yhpw hymJym-\-ßfpw Xs∂ CXn-

te°p kv]„-amb sXfn-hm-Wv. B hmIy-ß-fn¬ GsXm-∂n-

\mWv Rm≥ Zpc¿∞hpw Zp¿hym-Jym-\hpw \evIn-b-sX∂p

Bsc-¶nepw sXfn-bn®p ImWn-°s´! AXp km[y-a-s√-¶n¬


]kvXp-Xm-t£]w Alva-Zn-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ CXc Bt£-]-

ß-sf-t∏m-se-Xs∂ hntZz-j-Øn¬\n∂pw Infn¿Ø-Xm-sW∂p

]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

hnip-≤ -Jp¿B\nse A\-h[n Bb-Øp-I-fn¬\n∂pw hy‡-

ambn sXfn-bp∂ Hcp kn≤m-¥-Øn\v A\p-tbm-Py-am-bXpw

Ad_n kmlnXyw \ymbo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb A¿Yw "JmØ-ap-

∂-_n-øo≥' F∂p Xncp-h-N-\-Øn\p \evIp-tºmƒ Rßƒ Jp¿-

Bs\ Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøp∂p F∂v Ch-cm-t£-]n-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬, Jp¿-B-\nse At\Iw Bb-Øp-Iƒ°p hn]-co-Xhpw

Ad-_n-km-ln-Xy-Øn∂p hncp-≤-hp-amb hymJym\w "JmØ-ap-

∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xn\p Ch¿ \¬Ip-tºmƒ AXp Zp¿hym-Jym-

\tam Zpc¿Ytam BIp-∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, Alva-Zn-Iƒ Hcp

\yq\-]-£hpw Ch¿ qcn-]-£-hp-am-W-s√m.

Rm≥ apºp-≤-cn® Bb-Øp-I-fn¬\n∂v hy‡-amb a\- n-

em-Ip-∂Xv ]hm-N-I-\n-tbm-K-sØ-°p-d-n-®p≈ A√m-lp-hns‚

\nbaw Ime-l-c-W-s∏- p-t]m-bn- n-s√∂pw AXp _e-Øn-en-cn-

°p-∂p-sh∂pw Ah≥ C—n-°p-∂-hsc Ah≥ \_n-bmbn

\ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xp-am-sW-∂p-a-sX. F∂m¬ \p_q-∆-Øm-Ip∂

Cu A\p-Klw Ah≥ B¿°mWv \evIp-I-sb∂pw GXp aXm-

\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ \n-∂mWv Ah≥ \_nsb Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-I-sb-

∂pw-IqSn hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ \ap°p a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂p-≠v.

B hnip-≤-KŸw CXp kw_-‘n®p Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:

""A√m-lp-hnt\bpw dkq-en-t\bpw A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h-cmtcm

Ah¿ A√mlp A\p-K-ln-®n- p-≈-h-cmb \_n-am¿, kn±o-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬68Jp-Iƒ, ilo-Zp-Iƒ, kmen-lp-Iƒ F∂n-h-cpsS IqsS-bm-bn-

cn-°pw. Ch-csX \√ Iq´p-Im¿. CXp A√m-lp-hn¬\n-∂p≈

hc-]-km-Z-am-Ip-∂p. A√mlp th≠p-thmfw Adn-hp-≈-h-

\mWv'' (4:70, 71)

Cu Jp¿-B≥ hmIyw hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂Xp

A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ ZqX-cmb dkq¬Xn-cp-ta-\n-sbbpw

A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h¿°p A√mlp Bflo-b-amb \mep ÿm\-

ßƒ \evIp-sa-∂m-Wv. AXn¬ H∂m-asØ ]Zhn \_n F∂-

XmWv F∂v Cu hmIyw hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂p. Aßs\ \_n-Xn-cp-

ta-\n-°p-tijw ]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw kw_-‘n® A√m-lp-

hns‚ \nbaw \n¿Ø¬ sNø-s∏- n- n-s√∂p Hcp mKØp Cu

Jp¿-B≥ hmIyw hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-tºmƒ adp- m-KØv AXp

a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂Xv B A\p-Klw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-

Øn¬s∏- -h¿°mWv Ah≥ \¬IpI F∂pw BWv. hnip-≤-

Jp¿-B-\n¬ Cu hmIyw tijn-°p∂ Imew-hsc ˛ AsX-

s∂∂pw tijn-°p-∂-X-sX \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw Xncp-

\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ Hcmƒ°pw A√mlp \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂

A\p-Klw \evIp-I-bn√ F∂p ]d-bm-h-X-√. Jp¿-B-\n¬ hniz-

kn-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v, \njv]-£-\n-e-bn¬ Nn¥n-°p-∂-]£w

Aßs\ ]d-bp-hm≥ Xo¿®-bmbpw km[n-°p-I-bn-√. A√m-lp-

hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ Xncp-Zq-X-scbpw A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h¿°p \mep-

]-Z-hn-Iƒ e`n-°p-sa-∂mWv A√mlp ChnsS ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-

Xv. hgn-°p-h-gn-bmbn ]d™ Cu \mep ]Z-hn-Iƒ Xncp-\-_n-

bpsS A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°v e`y-am-sW-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah

\mepw e`y-am-Wv; e`n-t°-≠n-bp-an-cn-°p∂p. e`y-am-b-Xp-sIm-

≠p-X-s∂-bmWv B ÿm\w \evtI-≠-h-\mb A√mlp A]-

Imcw Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. C\n e`y-a-s√-∂m-sW-

¶n¬, \mepw e`y-am-Ip-∂-X-s√∂p ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. Aßs\

]d-bp-∂Xv Jp¿Bs‚ ]mTw \ncm-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p Xpey-am-Wv.

Cu Bb-Øn¬ Nn¥n-°p∂ GsXm-cmƒ°pw c≠n-semcp \nK-


a-\-Øn-se-Øp-Itb \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. A√msX Cu \mep ÿm\-

ß-fn¬ GsX-¶nepw H∂p e`y-a-s√∂pw a‰p aq∂p ÿm\-ßƒ

e`y-am-sW∂pw ]d-bm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. B A¿Y-I-ev]\ B

Bb-Øn-e-S-ßnb ]mT-Øn\p IS-I-hn-cp-≤-am-bn- p-≈-X-sX. \mep

]h-Zn-Iƒ e`y-am-sW∂v A√mlp hy‡-ambn Jp¿-B-\n¬

]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-s°, AXn-te-sX-¶nepw H∂p e`y-a-s√∂p ]d-

bp-∂Xp Bb-Øns‚ hymJym-\-am-Ip-∂-sX-ßs\?

A√mlphn-s\bpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-®-h¿

A√mlp A\p-K-ln® \_n, kn±o-Jv, ilo-Zv, kmenlv Cu

\mep ]Zhn e`n-®-h-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p hnip-≤ -Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw H∂p-In¬, Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-

Øn¬ Cu \mep ÿm\-ßfpw e`n-®-h¿ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂p-

X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°-Ww. At∏mƒ kn±o-Jv, ilo-Zv, kmenlv F∂n-

h¿ D≠m-Ip-sa-∂-Xp-t]m-se-Xs∂ \_nbpw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-

sW∂p kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. As√-¶n¬ Cu \mep

ÿm\-ßƒ e`n-®-hcpw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ D≠m-hp-

I-bn-s√∂pw Xncp-\-_nbv°v apºv Cu \mep ÿm\-ßƒ e`n-

®n- p≈ A\p-K-lo-X-ÿm-\n-I-fpsS IqsS-- bn-cn-°p-hm≥ amXw

Xncp-\-_n-bpsS bYm¿Y A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°pw km[n-°p-sa∂pw

BWv AXns‚ hnh£sb∂p ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. At∏mƒ, A√m-

lp-hn-s\bpw Xncp-\-_n-sbbpw A\p-k-cn®p \S-°p∂ kXy-

hn-izm-kn-bmb Hcp apkven-an\p Bflo-b-amb bmsXmcp ]Z-

hnbpw e`y-a-s√∂pw ]q¿hIm-eØv AØcw ÿm\-ßƒ e`n-

®-h-cpsS kmao]y kº¿°-ßƒamXw Ah¿°pw e`n-°p-∂-

Xm-sW∂pw ]d-tb-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXp Xncp-\-_n°pw apl-

Ω-Znbm DΩ-Øn\pw am\-I-c-amb Hcp tijvT-X-bm-sW∂v kΩ-

Xn-°m≥ A`n-am-\-ap≈ Hcp bYm¿Y apkven-an\p km[y-amtWm?

Alva-Znøm hnizm-k-ßsf F¥p hne-sIm-SpØpw Jfin-°-

W-sa∂ A`n-hm-RvO-sIm≠sc-¶nepw Aßs\ ]d-bm≥ ss[

cy-s∏-Sp-s∂-¶n¬ AXn-s\-∏‰n Rßƒ°v bmsXm∂pw ]d-bm\n

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬70√. F∂m¬, Hcp bYm¿Y hnizm-kn-°v, \njv]-£-\mb Hcp k

Xym-t\z-jn°v Hcn-°epw Aßs\ ]d-bm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√-X-s∂.

A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ dkq-enepw hniz-kn®v A\p-k-c-W-

Øn¬ Pohn-°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v A√mlp \evIpsa∂p

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ \mep ÿm\-ß-fn¬

\_nXz]Z-hnbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p-s≠∂p hy‡-am-bn-cn-s°, B

ÿm\w B¿°pw e`y-am-I-bn-s√∂p B¿Xs∂ ]d-™m-epw,

FX-tImSn ]fin-X-∑m¿ H∂n®ptN¿∂p ]d-™mepw A√mlp

Ah≥ C—n-°p-∂-h¿°v B A\p-Klw \evIm-Xn-cn-°-bn-√.

B ]Zhn \evtI-≠-h¿ Cu ]fin-X-∑m-c-√. k¿∆-i-‡\pw

k¿∆-⁄\pw Bb A√mlp AsX. \mep ]Z-hn-Iƒ \evIp-

sa∂p \evtI-≠-h≥ hy‡-ambn ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-s°, \me√

aq∂p amXta e`n-°-bp-≈q-sh∂p a\p-jy¿ ]d-bp-∂Xp A√m-

lp-hns‚ hn[nsb [n°-cn-°¬ amX-amWv; A√mlp \evIm≥

Hcp-°-an-√mØ Hcp ]Z-hnsb°pdn®p A\p-K-l-ambn \evIp-

∂ ]Z-hn-I-tfm-sSm∏w tN¿Øp ]d-bpsas∂ßs\ IcpXmw?

e`y-a-s√-¶n¬ aq∂p ]Z-hn-I-sf-°p-dn®p amXta Ah≥ ]d-bp-

am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. \¬ImØ \mem-asØ ]Zhn Iq´n-t®¿Øp ]d-

bm≥ A√m-lp-hns\ Btcm \n¿∫-‘n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂mtWm Ch-

cpsS ]£w? \_n-Xz-]-Zhn e`y-am-sW-∂p- X-s∂-bmWv Jp¿-

B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂p kΩ-Xn-°m≥ \n¿∫-‘n-X-\mb Hcp

apk-eym¿ ta¬-B-b-Ønse \_n-øo\ F∂ ]Zw "a≥kqJv'

BsW-∂p-IqSn Ft∂m-Sp-Xs∂ ]d-™n-´p-≠v. sImf-tºm

bn¬sh®v Imb¬ ] -W-Øp-Im-c-\mb Hcp am\y≥ Hcn-°¬

Cu Bb-Øn-s\-°p-dn®p Gsd-t\cw kwkm-cn-®-tijw "Cu

BbØp Jp¿-B-\n¬ C√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ FX \∂m-bn-cp-

∂p. Cu Bb-Øn-s\-°p-dn®p Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ C\n \_n hcn-

I-bn-s√∂p ]d-bm≥ ss[cyw tXm∂p-∂n√' F∂v Ft∂mSp

\n -t¶mNw ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. bYm¿Y-Øn¬, ]kvXpX


BbØv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw \_n hcp-sa-∂-Xn-te°v

Jfin-X-amb Hcp tcJ-bm-sW-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-Øn-\h-Im-i-an-

√. Alva-Zn-ø-Øn-t\m-Sp≈ hntZzjw \nanØw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS

DΩ-Øn¬ \_n D≠m-Im-h-X-s√∂p hcp-Øp-hm≥ ta¬-B-b-

Øn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ \mep ]Z-hn-Ifpw e`n-°p-∂-X-s√-∂pw,

B ]Z-hn-Iƒ e`n-®-h-cpsS kmao]y kº¿°-ßƒ amXta

e`n-°p-I-bp-≈q-sh-∂p-t]mepw ]d-bm≥ Ch¿ ss[cy-s∏´p If-

bp∂p! F∂m¬ Bsc¥p ]d-™mepw icn, Cu \mep ]Z-hn-

Ifpw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬s∏- -h¿°p e`n-°p-sa∂p

A√mlp ]d-™-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv kXyw.

A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw dkq¬Xn-cp-ta-\n-sbbpw A\p-k-cn-®-h¿

A√mlp A\pKln®h-cpsS "IqsS-bm-bn-cn°pw' F∂p-amXw

]d-b-s∏- -Xp-sIm≠v B A\p-K-rlo-X-cmb \mep ÿm\-°m-

tcm-sSm-∏-a-h-cp-≠m-bm¬ aXn-sb∂pw B ÿm\-ßƒXs∂ In -

W-sa-∂n-s√∂pw BI-bm¬, \_n hcp-sa-∂-Xn\p ]kvXpX

Bb-Øv, tcJ-bm-Ip-∂-X-s√∂pw Nne¿ ]d-bm-dp-≠v. XnI®pw

_men-i-amb Hcp hmZ-am-Wn-sX∂p a\- n-em-°m≥ hf-sc-

sbm∂pw ]bm-k-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√. H∂m-a-Xmbn, C∏-d-bp-∂Xv icn-

bm-sW-¶n¬, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°v \p_p-

∆Øv ]Z-hn-sb-∂-√, kmenlv ]Z-hn-t]mepw e`y-am-Ip-∂-X-

s√∂p hcpw. Xncp-\-_n-°p-ap-ºp-≈-h¿°p kn±oJv ÿm\w-

hsc e`y-am-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p. At∏mƒ B

ÿm\w e`n® ]q¿∆- ]-hm-N-Im-\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS IqsS Ah-cp≈

ÿeØp sN∂n-cn-°m-\-√msX B ÿm\-ßƒ e`n-®-h¿ Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√-∂mhpw AXn-\¿Yw hcn-

I. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bp-sSbpw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn-s‚bpw

tijvT-X-bn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Bcpw Xncp-ta-\nbv°p am\-I-

c-amb Hcp \ne-bm-Wn-sX∂p ]d-bm≥ ss[cy-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√-X-s∂.

BI-bm¬, ]kvXpX A\p-Kr-lo-X-]-Z-hn-Iƒ e`n-®-h-cpsS IqsS

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬72B ÿeØp F∂-√, Ah-cpsS ]Z-hn-bn¬ B ÿm\-ß-fn¬

Xs∂ FØp-hm≥ A\p-K-ln-°-s∏Spw F∂mWv hmIy-Øns‚

A¿Y-sa∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p.

c≠m-a-Xm-bn, ""Ah¿ \√ Iq´p-Im-csX'' F∂ XpS¿hmIyw

a\- n-em-°nØ-cp∂Xpw ta¬ kwK-Xn- X-s∂-bm-Wv. ]q¿h -k-

ap-Zm-b-Øn¬ ]kvXpX \mep ÿm\-ßƒ e`n-®-h-cp≠mbn-cn-

°p-tºmƒ Xncp-\-_nbpsS DΩ-Øn¬ B \mep ÿm\-ßƒ

e`n-®-h-cp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-s√-¶n¬ Ah¿ \√ Iq´p-Im-cm-bn-cn-

°p-∂-sX-ßs\? \√-Iq-´p-Im-cm-h-W-sa-¶n¬ Ch¿°pw B

ÿm\-ßƒ e`n-®n- p-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. Hcp [\-hms‚ IqsS Hcp

Zcn-Z\pw Hcm-tcm-Ky-hms‚ IqsS Hcp tcmKnbpw Hcp-an®p

tN¿∂m¬ Ah¿ \mep \√ Iq´p-Im-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX-ßs\?

Cu \mep ÿm\-ßfpw e`n® ]q¿hn-I-tcm-Sp-IqSn B ÿm\-

ßƒ e`n-°mØ apkvenwIƒ tN¿∂n-cn-°p-tºmƒ, Ah¿ A`n-

am-\-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-cm-bn-cn-°ptam? AtXm am\-£-b-Øm¬ \a-

ap-J-cm-bn-cn-°ptam? Xo¿®-bmbpw Xncp-\-_n°pw At±-l-

Øns‚ DΩ-Øn\pw am\-lm-\n-bp-≠m-°p∂ Hcp \ne-X-s∂-bm-

bn-cn°pw AXv. At∏mƒ, Ah¿ \√ Iq´p-Im-csX F∂p ]d-

™Xp \nc¿Y-I-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. BI-bm¬ IqsS F∂p

]d-™Xp Htc ÿe-Øp- Hcp-an®p F∂ A¿Y-Øn-e-√, Htc

ÿm\Øp Hcp-an®p F∂ A¿YØn¬ Xs∂-bm-sW∂p kv]„-

am-Ip-∂p. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øns‚ tijvT-Xbpw Hu∂-Xyhpw

sh®p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ Cu \mep ÿm\-ßfpw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS

DΩ-Øn\p e`n-t°-≠XpXs∂bmsW∂pw F∂m¬ amXta

B Jp¿-B≥hmIyw A¿∞-]q¿Æ-am-bn-Øo-cp-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw

ImWm≥ Ign-bpw.

aq∂m-a-Xmbn, ÚÄ (Iq-sS) F∂ ]Zw Htc ÿm\Øp Hcp-an-

®m-bn-cn-°pI F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬Xs∂

]e ÿe-ß-fnepw ]bp-‡-am-bn- p-≠v. DZm-l-c-W-ambn


""]pWy-hm-∑m-tcm-Sp-IqsS \o Rßsf acn-∏n-t°W''(3:194)

k÷-\-ß-fm°n acn-∏n-°Ww F∂-√msX ""k÷-\-ßƒ

acn-°p-tºmƒ Rßtf acn-∏n-°tW! F∂-√t√m Cu ]m¿Y-

\-bpsS km[ym¿Yw! ‡n-am¿KsØ Ah-ew-_n-°p-Ibpw A√m-

lp-hn¬ ZrV-ambn hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw kmXzn-I-cmbn Zo\ns\

apdpsI ]nSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h-sc-°p-dn®v Jp¿-B≥ as‰mcp

ÿeØv

"Ah¿ apA-van-\ow-I-fpsS IqsS-bmWv' (4:146) F∂p ]d-™n-

cn-°p-∂p. ChnsS Ah¿ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmbn Ah-cpsS

ÿm\w ]m]n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂ A¿Y-Øn¬ Xs∂-bm-

Wt√m ]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. thsdmcp ÿeØv

""Rßsf km£n-I-tfm-Sp-IqsS Fgp-X-Wta' (5:84) F∂p ]d-

™n-cn-°p-∂p. ChnsS km£n-I-fm-bn v Fgp-tX-Wta F∂-

√msX km£n-I-fp-sS-IqsS t]sc-gpXn tN¿°-Wta F∂-√t√m

A¿Y-sa-Sp-t°-≠-Xv. as‰m-cn-SØv

""Rß-fpsS ssZhw Rßsf k÷-\-ß-tfm-Sp-IqsS ]th-

in-∏n°pw F∂p Rßƒ Bin-°p∂p'' (5:84) F∂p ]kvXm-

hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Chn-sSbpw k÷-\-ß-tfm-Sp-IqsS F∂p ]d-

™-Xn\v k÷-\-ß-fm-bn v ]th-in-∏n-°pI F∂p-X-s∂-bm-

W¿∞w.

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ Hcp ÿeØv C_veo-kn-s\-∏‰n

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬74"Ah≥ kpPqZv sNøp-∂-h-cn¬ \n-∂p-≈-h-\m-bn√' (7:11)

F∂p ]d-™n- p-≠v. AXm-bXv, C_veokv kpPqZv sNbvX-h-

\m-bn√ F∂v. CtX kwK-Xn-Xs∂ Jp¿-B-\n¬ as‰m-cn-SØv

"kpPqZv sNøp-∂-h-cpsS IqsS-bm-hp-∂-Xns\ Ah≥ \ntj-

[n®p' (15:31). Cßs\ Hcp ÿeØp Úà (an≥) F∂ ]Zw-

sIm≠p Fs¥m-c¿Yw Dt±-in-°-s∏- pthm AtX A¿YsØ

Dt±-in-®p-Xs∂ as‰mcp ÿeØv ÚÄ F∂p ]tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n-

´p-s≠∂p hy‡-am-bn. Cßs\ "IqsS' F∂ ]Z-Øn∂p ÿe-

Ø√ ]Z-hn-bn¬Xs∂ IqsS F∂¿Yw \evIp-I-bmWv ChnsS

icn-bm-bn-cn-°p-I-sb∂p a\- n-em-Ip-∂p. BI-bm¬ A√mlp

A\p-K-ln-®-h-cpsS IqsS F∂p ]d-™Xv A√mlp A\p-K-

ln-®-h-cpsS ÿm\w \¬In B Iq -Øn¬ s]SpØpw F∂

A¿Y-Øn¬X-s∂-bm-sW∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. ÿm\sØ

A√ ÿesØ amX-amWv "IqsS' F∂Xp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xp

F∂p ]d-bm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. Fs¥∂m¬, Aßs\ A¿Yw

sImSp-°p-tºmƒ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬s]´ \√-h¿°v

Bflo-b-am-bp≈ Db¿∂-]-Z-hn-sbm-∂pw-Xs∂ kn≤n-°p-∂-X-

s√∂p ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw.

ta¬ Bb-Øn¬ ÚÄ F∂-Xns‚ hnh£ B A\p-Klw e`n-

®-h-cpsS AtX ÿm\w e`n-°p-sa-∂p-X-s∂-bm-sW∂pw A

√msX B ÿm\w e`n-°msX e`n-®-h-tcmsSmØv Hcp-an-®m-bn-

cn-°p-sa-∂-s√∂pw Camw dmKn_v Xs‚ "ap^m-Zm-Øp¬ Jp¿-

B-\n'¬ hy‡-am-°n-bn- p≠v; At±lw ]d-bp∂p:

æÎçÖäÊ^Òjfß^ÚÄ]Öù^â‚mà]p]qÃ×ß^Êo‡Ú†iãÜ

]†é]ÖoÎçÖäÊ^Ö5òÔÚÄ]Öù„mà]ÞÃÜ]Ö×ùäÂ×nãÜ

""^IvXp-_v\m-a-A-»m-ln-Zo≥ F∂p ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿Yw "\o


Rßsf B kaq-l-Øn-em-°n-bmepw' F∂m-Wv. "A√mlp

A\p-K-ln-®h-cpsS IqsS-bm-bn-cn°pw' F∂-Xn-s\-bmWv CXp

Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xv. AXm-b-Xv, "A\p-K-ln-®-h-cpsS IqsS- F-

∂-Xns‚ hnh£ B ]Zhn kn≤n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°pI F∂m-sW-

∂-Xp-t]mse km£n-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-sS-sb∂p ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿

∞w km£n-Iƒ X-s∂-bm°n Ah-tcm-Sp-IqsS tN¿t°-Wta

F∂m-W-v.

]áù]Ÿe†]…ÖËoÞÃnÜ""\n›-b-ambpw kmXzn-I¿ A\p-K-l-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw' F∂

Jp¿-B≥ hmIysØ hymJym-\n-®p-sIm≠p At±lw ]d-bp∂p:

æÚÃß^å]øáù]Ÿe†]…ÊoqÛ×èâFç¤ðÒÏçÖä iÃþ³þ³^ÖFo]Ö5òÔÚÄ]Öù„mà]ÞÃÜ]Ö×ùäÂ×nãÜ""CXns‚ A¿Yw \n›-b-ambpw ]pWy-hm-∑m¿ B hIp-∏n¬

Dƒs∏- -h-cm-bn-cn°pw F∂m-Wv. Ah¿ A√mlp A\p-K-ln-®-

h-cpsS IqsS-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p A√mlp ]d-™-Xp-t]mse B

\mep ÿm\n-I-fpsS ]Z-hn-Iƒ e`n-°msX Ah-tcm-sSm∏w

sN∂n-cn-°m≥ amXw km[n-°p-sa-∂-XmWv A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw

Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-®-Xns‚ e-ambn kn≤n-°p-

∂Xv F∂v bYm¿Y aX- -‡-\mb Hcp apkven-an\v hnNm-cn-°p-

hm≥IqSn Ign-bn-√. Camw dmKn-_ns‚ A`n-]m-bsØ D≤-cn-®p-

sIm≠v A√mam A_q-l-øm≥ Xs‚ "_l-dp¬ aploØv' F∂

Jp¿B≥ `mjy-Øn¬ Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:

Î^Ù]Ö†ù]Æþ³þ³þ³þ³göÚÛùà]ÞÃþ³þ³þ³þ³Ü]Ö×ùäÂ×nãÜÚà]ÖË†Ñ

]Ÿ…eÄÊo]ÖÛßˆÖèôæ]Ö%ùç]hô]Ößùfo%e^Ößùfoùæ]Ö’þ³þ³ù‚ùmÐö

e^Ö’ù‚ùmÐæ]Öùãn‚öe^Öùãn‚æ]Ö’þ³þ³ù^Öxöe^Ö’ùþ³þ³þ³^Öôxö

""A\p-K-ln-®-h-tcm-Sp-IqsS F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w dmKn_v ]d-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬76™n-cn-°p∂Xp ÿm\-Ønepw ]Xn- -e-Ønepw \mep hIp-

∏p-I-fn¬ s] -h-cm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. \_n-tbm-Sp-IqSn \_n,

kn±o-tJm-Sp-IqSn kn±o-Jv, ilo-tZm-Sp-IqSn ilo-Zv, kmen-tlm-Sp-

IqSn kmenlv' (_-lvdp¬ap-lo-Øv, hmeyw 3, `m. 387)

AXm-b-Xv, IqsS F∂p ]d-™-Xns‚ hnh£ B ÿm\-

Øn¬ Ah-tcm-Sp-Iq-sS-bm-bn-cn°pw F∂p Xs∂. Aßs\ \_n

\_n-tbmSpw kn±oJv kn±o-tJmSpw a‰p ÿm\-°m¿ a‰p ÿm\-

°m-tcmSpw IqsS-bm-bn-cn-°pw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ A\p-Klw e`n-

®-h-cpsS IqsS-bm-bn-cn-°pI F∂-Xns‚ hnh£ B A\p-Klw

e`n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°pI F∂-X-√msX as‰m-∂m-bn-cn-°m≥ bmsXmcp

\nhr-Øn-bp-an-√.

ÚÄ F∂-Xp-sIm≠p IqsS ÿm\Øp F∂m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-

∂n-s√∂p hcp-Øp-hm≥ FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ _men-i-ß-fmb Nne

\ymb-ßƒ D∂-bn-°m-dp-≠v. DZm-l-c-W-ambn "£an-°p-∂-h-tcmSp

IqsS-bmWv A√m-lp,' "apØ-Jo-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-sS-bmWv A√mlp'

F∂n-ßs\ Jp¿-B-\n¬ h∂n- p-≠v. Hcp lZo-kn¬ kXy-

hm\pw hniz-kvX\pw Bb Hcp hym]mcn \_n-am-tcm-Sp-Iq-sS

bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw h∂n- p-≠v. At∏mƒ £am-io-e\pw ‡\pw

kXy-hn-izm-knbpw A√mlp Bbn-Øo-cptam? hniz-kvX-\mb

I®-h-S-°m-c≥ \_n-bm-bn-Øo-cptam? F∂n-ß-s\-bm-W-h¿

tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv.

Cu tNmZy-ßƒ hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬\n∂p hy‡-ambn sXfn-

bp-∂Xpw Rm≥ hnh-cn-®-Xp-amb \ymb-ßƒ°v Hcn-°epw Hcp

Jfi-\-am-bn-cn-°p-∂n-√. Alva-Znøm hmZ-ßsf Jfint® Xocq

F∂ Zp¿hm-in-sIm≠v Ah-cn-ßs\sb√mw ]d-bp-∂p-sh∂p

sh°p-Itb \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. "aA' F∂ ]Zw "Hcp ÿm\Øp

Hcp-an®p' F∂ A¿Y-Øn¬ amXta ]tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp≈q

F∂√ Rßƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. B A¿Y-Ønepw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-

Sp-∂p-s≠∂pw Jp¿-B-\n¬ H∂n-e-[nIw ÿe-ß-fn¬ Aßs\


]kvXp-X-]Zw ]tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n- p-s≠∂pw ta¬- D-≤-cn® Bb-

Øn¬ B A¿Y-Øn¬ amX-amWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw

AhnsS as‰m-c¿Yw sImSp-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-s√-∂p-amWv

Rßƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. "aA' F∂Xv "ÿe-Øp-IqsS' F∂ A¿Y-

Øn¬ ]tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-td-bn-s√∂p Rßƒ ]d-bp-∂n-√.

"A√mlp £an-°p-∂-h-tcm-Sp-Iq-sS-bmWv' F∂p ]d-bp-∂-

Xns‚ hnh£ £an-°p-∂-h¿ A√mlp Bbn-Øo-cp-sa-∂m-bn-

cn-°-W-sa∂v k¶-ev]n-°m≥ km[n-°-W-sa-¶n¬ ]s≠-t∏m-sg-

¶nepw £an-°p-∂-h≥ A√mlp Bbn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°-Ww. \p_p-

∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw apºv e`n-®Xp a\p-jy¿°p-X-s∂-bm-

bn-cp-∂p. a\p-jy¿X-s∂-bmWv \_n-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xpw. F∂m¬

apsºm-cn-°epw Xs∂ £an-°p-∂-h\pw kXy-hn-izm-knbpw

`‡\pw A√m-lp-hns‚ ÿm\tØ°p Db¿∂n- n-√. BI-bm¬

]kvXpX \ymbw \nc¿Y-Ihpw _men-ihpw amX-am-Wv.

"A√mlp \nt∂m-Sp-Iq-sS-bm-bn-cn-°s´ F∂p ]dbp∂-Xns‚

A¿Yw \o A√m-lp- B-bn-Øo-cs´ F∂-√-t√m. A√m-lp-hns‚

klm-bhpw c£bpw \n∂n-ep-≠m-bn-cn-°s´ F-∂p amX-am-

W-Xns‚ A¿Yw. aqkm-\-_n Cßs\ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

"\n›-b-ambpw Ft∂m-Sp-IqsS Fs‚ \mY-\p-≠v. Ah≥

F\n°p am¿§-Z¿i\w \evIpw (26:57)

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n ku¿Kp-l-bn¬ sh®p lZvdØv A_q-_-

°¿ kn±o-Jvt\mSp ]d-™-Xmbn Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

Ÿivˆá]áù]Ö×ùäÚÃß^""\o hyk-\n-t°-≠, A√mlp \tΩmSp IqsS-bp≠v''

ChnsS A√mlp IqsS-bp≠v F∂p ]d-™Xp- "A√mlphns‚

klmbw e n°pw' F∂ A¿Y-Øn-√msX Ah¿ At∏mƒ D≠m-

bn-cp∂ B ]tXyI ÿe-ØmWv A√mlp D≠m-bnc-∂Xv

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬78F∂ A¿Y-Øn-em-sW∂v Bcpw ]d-bp-I-bn-√. ÿm\-sØ-∂√

ÿe-Øp-X-s∂bpw B¿°pw A√m-lp-hns‚ IqsS-bn-cn-°m≥

km[y-a-√. A√mlp k¿∆-hym-]n-bm-Wv.

\nßƒ Fhn-sS Bbncp-∂mepw Ah≥ \nß-tfm-S-p Iq-sS-

bmWv (57:5)

""Ah¿ Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw A√mlp Ah-tcm-Sp-Iq-sS-

bmWv'' (58:8)

F∂n-ßs\ Jp¿-B-\n¬ A√mlp ]d-bp-∂p. kr„n-hkvXp

H∂pw-Xs∂ k¿hhym-]n-b-√. A√mlp GXp \ne-bnepw A√m-

lp -X-s∂. a\p-jy¿ a\p-jy-cpw. \_n-Xz-am-Ip∂ A\p-Klw

kn≤n-®-h-cm-I-s´, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v apºpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n- p-

≠v. At∏mƒ \_n-am-tcmSv IqsS-bm-bn-cn°pw F∂p ]d-™-

Xn\p \_n-am-cpsS ÿm\w e`n°pw F∂m-W¿Y-am-t°-≠n-bn-

cn-°p-∂-Xv.

£am-io-ecpw `‡cpw hnizm-kn-Ifpw A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp-Iq-

sS-bmWv F∂√ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂ hkvXp-Xbpw

Hm¿t°-≠-Xp-≠v. "A√mlp £am-io-e-cpsS IqsS-bmWv F

∂sX Jp¿-B≥ ]d™n´p-≈-Xv. At∏mƒ £am-io-e≥ A√m

lp BIptam F∂-Xn\p ]Icw A√mlp £am-io-e-\m-Iptam?

F∂mWv tNmZn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]áù]Ö’ù^e†màÚÄ]Ö×ùäF∂√ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]áù]Ö×ùäÚÄ]Ö’ù^e†mà F∂m-Wt√m h∂n-

cn-°p-∂-Xv. A√mlp £am-io-e-cpsS IqsS-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠v £am-

io-e¿ A√mlp Bbn-Øo-cp-∂pt≠m F∂n-h¿ tNmZn-°p-∂p.

Ch-cpsS ]°¬ "IqsS' F∂-Xns‚ hnh-£- ÿm-\-Øp-IqsS

F∂√ ÿe-Øp-IqsS F∂p amX-am-sW-¶n¬, £am-io-e\pw

kXy-hn-izm-knbpw ‡\pw Hcp ÿeØp A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp-


IqsS D≠m-bn-cn°pw F∂h¿ kΩXnt°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. C∏-

d-b-s∏- -hcpw A√m-lphpw Hcp ÿeØp Hcp-an-®m-sW∂p

Duln-°m≥IqSn ]mSn-s√-¶n¬ ÿeØpw ÿm\Øpw A√m-

lp-hn-s‚-IqsS F∂ A¿Y-Øn-e√ AhnsS ]bp-‡-am-bn-cn-

°p-∂-sX∂p hy‡-am-W-t√m. Aß-s\-bm-hp-tºmƒ A-\p-K-

lw e`n-®-h-cpsS IqsS F∂p ]d-™Xp Cu A¿Y-Øn¬ Xs∂-

bm-sW∂pw ÿeØpw ÿm\Øpw IqsS-bm-bn-cn-°-bn-s√-

∂mWv AXns‚ km[y-sa∂pw kΩ-Xnt-°-≠n-h-cpw. "A√m-lp-

hn-t\m-Sp- IqsS' F∂ ]tbm-KsØ Rßƒs°-Xn-cn¬ Hcm-[m-

c-sa-t∂mWw s]m°n-∏n-Sn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂Xp FXamXw \nc-

¿Y-Ihpw _men-i-hp-am-sW∂p CXn¬\n∂p sXfn-bp-∂p-≠-t√m.

"kXy-hm\pw hniz-kvX-\p-amb hym]mcn \_n-am-tcmSp IqSn-

bm-bn-cn°pw' F∂ lZokpw ta¬hm-Z-K-Xn-Iƒ°p Hcp Jfi-

\-am-bn-cn-°p-∂n-√. Cu lZo-kn-s\-°p-dn®p Xn¿anZn ]d-™n-cn-

°p-∂Xp âF„]u‚m&ºÆ†mgº "CXv Kco_v Bb lZokv BWv' F∂-

sX. hnizm-k-]-c-amb Hcp Imcy-Øn\p Kco-_mb lZo-kns\

B[m-c-am-°p-∂-Xv, AXp-Xs∂ hnip-≤- Jp¿-Bs‚ kv]„-

amb A[ym-]-\-Øn-s∂-Xn-cn¬ B[m-c-am-°p-∂-Xv, Hcn-°

epw \ymbtam Jp¿-B-\n¬ hnizm-k-ap-≈h¿°p tN¿∂tXm

A√. Cu lZo-kns‚ bYm¿Y XmXv]-cy-sa-s¥-∂-Xn-s\-°p-

dn®p Rm\n-hnsS ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂n-√. Cu lZo-kns\ kw

_‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AXp kzoIm-cy-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ Xs∂ ChnsS ]bp-‡-am-bn-cn-°p∂ ÚÄ F∂ ]Zw ÿ

eØv IqsS F∂ A¿Y-Øn¬ BsW∂v ]d-bmw. F∂m¬

F∂p ]d-™n-SØp ÚÄ F∂-Xn\p

ÿm\-Øp-IqsS F∂¿Yw \evIp-I-b-√msX \n¿hm-l-an-√.

ta¬lZo-kn¬ ""\_n-am-tcm-Sp-IqsS'' F∂p amX-a√ ]d-™n-

cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw it≤-b-am-Wv.

]Öjù^q†]Ö’‚æÑ]ŸÚnàÚÄ]Ößùfnùnàæ]Ö’ù‚ùmÏnàæ]Öùã‚ð

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬80""kXy-hm\pw hniz-kvX-\p-amb I®-h-S-°m-c≥ \_n-am-tcmSpw

kn±o-Jvam-tcmSpw ipl-Zm-°-tfmSpw IqsS-bm-bn-cn°pw'' F∂mWv

lZo-kv. BI-bm¬ \_n-am-tcm-Sp-Iq-sS-bm-bn-cn°pw F∂p ]d-

™-Xp-sIm≠v \_n-bpsS ÿm\w e`n-°p-sa-∂¿∞-am-hp-I-bn-

s√-∂m-sW-¶n¬ kXy-hm-\mb I®-h-S-°m-c-\v, kn±o-Jn-s‚tbm

ilo-Zn-t‚tbm ÿm\-sØ-Øm\pw Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂p kΩ-Xn-

t°-≠n-h-cpw. Aßs\ kΩ-Xn-°m≥ Xc-an-s√-¶n¬ ]kvXpX

lZo-kns\ Rßƒs°-Xn-cn¬ D∂-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬ F¥¿∞-am-

Wp-≈Xv? amX-a-√, kXy-hm\pw hniz-kvX-\p-amb Hc-apkvenw

I®-h-S-°m-c\p \_n-tbmSpw kn±o-Jnt\mSpw H∏w kz¿K-Øn¬

Ccn-°m-sa∂p ta¬l-Zo-k-\p-k-cn®v A¿∞w \evIm-sa∂pw

kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. C∂p apkvenw-I-tf-°mƒ IqSp-X-embn Cu

KpW-ßƒ ]mtbW Aapkvenw I®-h-S-°m-cn-emWv ImW-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xv. Aap-kvenw-Iƒ apkvenw-Isf At]-£n®v I®-h-S-Øn¬

ssZ\w-Zn\w A`n-hr≤n-s∏- p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xns‚ Imc-Whpw

as‰m-∂-√. At∏mƒ \_n-bp-sSbpw kn±o-Jn-s‚bpw iloZn-

t‚bpw IqsS-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn∂p A√m-lp-hns\bpw Ahs‚

dkq-en-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-t°-≠Xp Xs∂-bn-s√∂pw kXy-

hm\pw hniz-kvX-\p-am-bn-cp-∂m¬ aXn-sb∂pw Cu lZo-kns\

B[m-c-am°n Hcmƒ°v ]d-bmw.

ta¬l-Zo-kn¬ I®-h-S-°m-c≥ \_n-tbm-Sp-Iq-sS-bm-bn-cn-°p-

sa∂v ]d-™-Xp-sIm≠p I®-h-S-°m-c≥ \_n-bm-I-bn√ F∂-

Xp-t]m-se-bmWv Xncp-\-_n-bpsS bYm¿∞ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ A\p-

Klw e`n-®-h-cpsS IqsS-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p ]d-™Xp F∂

hmZw icn-bm-sW-¶n¬ B lZo-kn-s\-°mƒ FXbpw ]_-e-

amb as‰mcp lZo-kns\ B[m-c-am°n \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°pX-

X-s∂bpw \_n-am-cpsS ÿm\w D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂pw ]d-tb-

≠n-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. lZvdØv Bbn-ig Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p: ""Xncp-

\-_n Xs‚ Ah-km-\- tcm-K-Øn¬


F∂ BbØv HXp-∂-Xmbn Rm≥ tI´p. At∏mƒ Rm≥

a\- n-em°n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Ncaw ASp-Øn-cn-°p∂p F∂v (_p-

Jm-cn) ta¬ Bb-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn-emWv Camw _pJmcn

lZvdØv Bbn-igbpsS \nth-Z\w tN¿Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "A\p-

Klw e`n-®-h-cpsS IqsS' F∂p ]d-™-Xp-sIm≠v B A\p-

Klw e`n-®-h¿ BtI-≠-Xn-s√-∂m-sW-¶n¬, Xncp-\-_nXs∂-°p-dn®p A\p-Klw e`n-®-h-cp-sS-Iq-sS-bm-sW∂p ]d-

™-Xp-sIm≠v Xncp-ta-\n Xm\pw B A\p-Klw e`n® Bfm-

bn- -√, Ah-cpsS IqsS-bm-Im≥ amXta A¿l-\m-bn- p≈q F∂p

]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p-h-t√m. F∂m¬ B Znhym-flmhv Bk-

∂-a-c-W-\mb thf-bn¬ Cßs\ ]d-™p-sIm≠v \ap°v a\-

n-em-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv A\p-Klw ]m]n-®-h-cp-sS-IqsS

F∂p ]d-™-Xns‚ hnh£ B A\p-Klw ]m]n-®p-sIm≠v

B ÿm\Øv Ah-cpsS IqsS D≠m-bn-cn°pw F∂p-X-s∂-bmWv

F∂m-Wv. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS A¥y-L- -Øn-ep≈ Cu Acp-

f-∏m-Sv, Alva-Zn-ø-Øn-s∂-Xn-cn¬ D∂-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ta¬\ymbw

tIhew ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-sW∂p sXfn-bn-°p-∂p.

]kvXpX BbØp \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ \_n

hcp--sa-∂-Xn-te°v tcJ-bm-sW-¶n¬, A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚

dkq-en-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-®-h-sc√mw \_n-am-cm-bn-cn-t°-≠Xt√

F∂pw Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ X-ncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ FX-

b-[nIw \_n-am¿ D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv F∂pw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS

kJm-°ƒ A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw dkq-en-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-®n-cp-∂-

h-cm-bncp∂n´pw Ah-cm-cpw- Xs∂ \_n-am-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√t√m

F∂pw a‰pw Nne¿ tNmZn-°m-dp-≠v. Cu tNmZyw tNmZn-°p-∂-

h¿ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS A\p-k-cWw hgn kn±oJv hsc-bp≈

ÿm\-ßƒ ]m]n-°p-sa∂p kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p-≠-t√m. F∂m¬,

Xn-cp\_n-sb A\p-k-cn-®-h-sc√mw kn±oJpw iloZpw Bbn-cp-

∂p-sh∂p sXfn-bn-°m≥ Ch¿°p km[n-°ptam? \_n-Xn-cp-

ta-\n-bpsS injy-KWw apgp-h\pw kn±oJv ÿm\w ]m]n-®-h-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬82cm-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah-sc-√m-hcpw ilo-Zvÿm\w ]m]n-®-h¿

Xs∂bpw Bbn-cp-∂n-√. ta¬-B-b-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns\bpw

dkq-en-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-®-h¿ \mep-]-Z-hn-Iƒ kn≤n-®-h-cm-bn-

cn-°p-sa∂p ]d-™n-´p-≈-XpXs∂, A\p-k-cn-°p∂ Hmtcm

Bƒ°pw \_ntbm kn±otJm ilotZm Bbn-Øo-cm≥ km[y-

a-s√∂pw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂p-≠v. F√m-h¿°pw \_ntbm

kn±otJm Bhm-\m-Ip-sa-¶n¬ \mep A\p-Ia ÿm\-ßƒ

\n›-bn-®Xp A¿∞-c-ln-X-am-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-

h¿°v Ah-cpsS lnX-a-\p-k-cn®v GsX-¶n-ep-samcp ÿm\w e`n-

°p-sa-∂√ Bb-Øns‚ A¿∞w. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ G‰hpw

D∂-X-amb ]Z-hn-b-√msX Xmgvs∂mcp ]Z-hn-bm¿÷n-°m-\mcpw

BK-ln-°p-I-bn-√-s√m. At∏mƒ kn±otJm ilotZm kmentlm

BIm≥ Bcpw D≠m-I-bn-√. Ipd-™-]£w iloZpw kmenlpw

BIm≥ Bcpw Hcp-ßp-I-bn√! A√mlp Ahs‚ C—-b-\p-k-

cn®v A¿l-X-bp-≈-h¿°v ]Z-hn-Iƒ \evIpw. AXn-\p≈ \n_-

‘-\-I-fn-sem∂p A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw

A\p-k-c-W-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂Xm-Wv. bYm¿∞- \n-e-

bn¬ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h-cn¬ _lp`qcn- m-Khpw kmen-lp-I-fm-

bn-cn-°pw. ilo-Zp-am¿ Ah-cn¬ Ipd-™n-cn-°pw. kn±o-Jp-am¿

ilo-Zp-am-sc-°mƒ hnc-f-am-bn-cn-°pw. \p_p-∆Øv ]Z-hn-bn-se-

Øn-b-h¿ AXnepw A]q¿h-am-bn-cn-°pw. CXn-s\√mw ]pd-sa,

\p_p-∆Øv ]Z-hn-°v ssZhnI \ntbm-Khpw Bh-iy-am-W-s√m.

A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-t\mSpw D≈ A\p-k-cWw

A\p-t]-£Wobamb Hcp-]m-[n-bm-Wv. B ]Zhn Bbn-ctam

c≠m-bn-ctam sIm√-ßƒ°p-ti-jta Hcmƒ°p \¬Ip-I-bp≈q

F∂n-cp-∂mepw Abmƒ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Ønepw Xncp-\-

_n-tbm-S-\p-kc-W-ap-≈-bmfpw Bbn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv.

Aß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ D≠m-hp-∂-XmWv

F∂mWv ta¬Jp¿-B≥hmIyw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. \_nsb

\ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®p A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.


""A√mlp \√-t]mse Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv Ahs‚ ZuXyw

Fhn-sS-bmWv BtI-≠-sX∂v'' (6:125).

Cu BbØv a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂Xv Bsc Ft∏mƒ \ntbm-

Kn-°-W-sa-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ C—-b-\p-k-cn-®p-amXw \S-°p-

∂-Xm-sW-∂m-Wv.

Cu tNmZy-I¿Øm-°-fpsS ]°¬ Xncp-\-_n-°p-ap-ºv, \p_p-

∆-Øns‚ IhmSw _‘n-°-s∏- p-t]m-bn-cp-∂n-√-t√m. F∂m¬,

A°m-eØv kn±o-Jp-am¿ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse \_n-amcpw

ilo-Zp-am¿ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse kn±o-Jpa-mcpw kmen-lp-am-

cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse iloZpamcpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂pthm? Cs√-

¶n¬ Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ \_p-

∆Øv ÿm\w ]m]n-®-h¿ D≠m-hm-sa∂p Jp¿-B≥ a\- n-em-

°n-Ø-cp-∂p-s≠∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ Xncp-\-_nsb A\p-k-cn-

®-h-sc√mw \_n-am-cm-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xt√ F∂pw a‰pw tNmZn-°p-

∂Xp Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂p sXfn-bp∂ kXy-Øn-s\mcp Jfi-

\-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX-ßs\?

Xncp-\-_n-bpsS kJm°ƒ F√m-hcpw kn±o-Jp-am-cm-bn-cp-

∂n√. ilo-Zp-amcpw Bbn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ Ah-sc-√mw- Xs∂

A√m-lp-hn-t\bpw dkq-en-t\bpw A\p-k-cn-®-h-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

F√m-hcpw Htc \ne-bn¬ A\p-k-cn-®n-cp-∂n-s√∂p Icp-Xp-∂-

Xm-bm¬X-s∂, bYm¿∞- \n-e-bn¬ A\p-k-cn® klm-_n-I-

sf√mw kn±o-Jp-amcpw ilo-Zp-amcpw Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂p ]d-bm≥

km[y-a-√-t√m. Ah¿s°-√m-h¿°pw shdpw A\p-k-c-Ww-

sIm≠v kn±oJv ]Z-hn-bn-se-Øm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

iloZv ]Z-hn- F√m-h¿°pw kp]m-]y-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah-

cn-em-cpw- Xs∂ kzmenlv ]Z-hn-bn¬ amXw Xr]vXn-s∏- n-cn-°p-

am-bncp-∂n-√. BI-bm¬, klm-_n-Iƒ Xncp-\-_nsb A\p-

k-cn-®-h-cm-bn-cp-∂n´pw Ah-sc-¥p-sIm≠p \_n-am-cm-bn√ F∂p

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬84tNmZyw Akw-K-X-am-Wv. Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw Xß-fpsS at\m-\n-

e-b-\p-k-cn®p amXta A\p-k-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-am-I-bp-≈q. B

A\p-k-c-W-Øns‚ icn-bmb \ne Adn-bp-∂-h\pw AX-\p-k-

cn®v Bflo-b-]-Zhn \evIp-∂-h\pw A√mlp amX-am-Wv. AXv

Ahs‚ A[-nIm-c-Øn¬ amXw Dƒs∏- -Xp-am-Wv.

Bb-Øn¬ hnh-cn-°-s∏´ \mepw ÿm\n-Ifpw X-ncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ D≠m-Ip-sa-∂p-X-s∂-bmWv ]kvXpX hmIy-

Øns‚ hnh-£nXw F∂p as‰m-cp Jp¿-B≥ hmIyhpw hy‡-

am-°n-Ø-cp-∂p-≠v. Cu Bb-Øn¬ A¿d-kq¬ F∂p ]d-b-s∏-

´n-cn-°p-∂Xv hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ GXp ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-∂n-d-

ßntbm B Znhym-flm-hmb \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb°pdn-®p -X-

s∂-bm-sW-∂-Xn¬ ]£m-¥-c-an-√-t√m. At∏mƒ Cu Bb-

Øn¬ A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ Xncp-Zq-X-cmb \_n-Xn-cp-

ta-\n-sbbpw A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h-sc-°p-dn-®mWv Ah¿ \_n, kn±o-

Jv, ilo-Zv, kzmenlv F∂o \mep ÿm\ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cn-

°pI F∂p ]kvXm-hn-®-sX∂p hy‡-am-bn. F∂m¬, hnip-

≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ as‰mcp ÿeØv A√mlp Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p

""A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ dkq¬amscbpw hniz-kn-®h¿

Xß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hns‚ ASp-°¬ kn±o-Jp-Ifpw ilo-Zp-

Ifpw BWv . Ah¿°v Ah-cp-tS-Xmb ]Xn- -ehpw ]Im-

ihpw D≠v.'' (57:19)

Cu Bb-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ dkq¬am-scbpw

hniz-kn-®-h-sc-°p-dn-®mWv s]mXpsh ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn-s\-°p-dn®p ]tXy-I-am-bn- √

F∂p-ap-≈Xp FXbpw hy‡-am-Wv. Aßs\ A√m-lp-hn-

s\bpw Ahs‚ dkq-¬am-scbpw hniz-kn-®-h¿°p kn≤n-®-Xmbn

ChnsS ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ ]Zhn kn±oJv F∂pw iloZv F∂pw


D≈-Xm-Wv. kmenlv F∂ ]Zhn ilo-Zn\p tij-ap-≈-Xm-I-

bm¬, AXn-s\-°p-dn®v ]tXy-In®p ]kvXm-hn-®n- n-s√-∂p-am-

Xw. Fs¥-∂m¬, Db¿∂-]-Z-hn-bn¬ Xmgv∂ ]Z-hn-Ifpw

Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p≠v. Aßs\ dkq¬amsc A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-

h¿°p e`n-°p∂ ]Z-hn-I-sf-°p-dn®p ]d-t™-SØv \_n-sb∂p

]d-bmsX kn±oJv F∂ ]Z-hn-sIm-≠mWv Bcw- n-®n-cn-°p-∂-

Xv. F∂m¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb A\p-k-cn-°p∂ \_n-bpsS

DΩ-Øn\p e`y-am-Ip∂ ]Z-hn-I-sf-°p-dn®p ]d-™-t∏mƒ \_n-

sb∂ ]Z-hn-sbbpw tN¿Øp-sIm≠p \mep hyXy-kvX-ß-fmb

]Z-hn-I-sf-∏‰n \_n, kn±o-Jv, ilo-Zv, kmenlv F∂n-ßs\

ÿm\-I-a-a-\p-k-cn®v hy‡-ambn th¿Xn-cn®p ]kvXm-hn-®p.

Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I--fn¬ \p_p-

∆Øv BIp∂ A\p-Klw A√mlp \evIp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw

AXn\p Bh-iy-amb Hcp \n_‘\ \_nXncp-ta-\n-bpsS

DΩ-Ønbpw A\p-bm-bnbpw Bbn-c-°Wsa∂p-am-sW∂v CXn¬

\n∂p \√-t]mse hy‡am-Ip-∂p.

]t£, F¥p-X-s∂-bm-bmepw Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚

hmZsØ Jfin-t®-Xocq F∂ ]nSn-hm-Z-°m¿ Cu Bb-Øns\

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw \_n hcn-I-bn-s√-∂-Xn-te°v Hcp

tcJ-bmbn D∂-bn-°m≥ aSn-°m-dn-√. A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚

dkq¬am-scbpw hniz-kn-®-h¿ kn±o-Jp-amcpw ilo-Zp-amcpw Bbn-

cn-°p-sa∂p ]q¿h -]-hm-N-I-∑m-tcm-Sp≈ A\p-k-c-WsØ kw_-

‘n®p ]d-™Xp \-_n-°p-tijw \_n-h-cn-I-bn-s√-∂-Xn-

te°v Hcp tcJ-bm-sW∂v Ch¿ ]d-bp-∂p. F∂m¬ \-_n-

bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Xncp-\-_n-sbbpw A\p-

k-cn-®-h¿°v \_n, kn±o-Jv, ilo-Zv, kzmenlv F∂o \mep-]-Z-

hn-Iƒ \evIp-sa∂p Jp¿-B≥ ]d-™Xp Cu DΩ-Øn¬ \

_n-bpsS ÿm\w e`n-®-h¿ hsc D≠m-Ip-sa-∂-Xn-te°p hy‡-

amb tcJ-bm-sW∂p kΩ-Xn-°m≥ Ch¿ Hcp-°-an-√. F∂n´pw

Alva-Zn-Iƒ Jp¿-Bs\ Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøp-∂p-sh∂p Ch¿

Xs∂ Bt£-]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬86Alva-Zn-ø-Øns\ Jfin-°p-hm-s\-t∂mWw Nne¿ ImWn-

°p∂ [m¿jvTyw AXo-h-Zpx-J-I-chpw B›-cym-h-l-hp-am-Wv.

Nne¿ ]d-bp-∂p, ta¬-B-b-Øn¬ \mep ]Z-hn-Iƒ e`n-°p-sa∂v

]d-b-s∏- n- p-≈Xv Cu temIØv B ]Z-hn-Iƒ e`n-°p-sa∂

A¿∞-Øn-e-√, ]c-tem-IØv ]kvXpX ]Z-hn-Iƒ e`n-®-h-tcmSv

IqSn-t®-cm≥ km[n-°p-sa∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ amX-amWv F∂v.

At∏mƒ Ch-cpsS ]°¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-tbm-Sp≈ A\p-k-c-

W-Øns‚ ^e-am-bn, \_ntbm t]mI-s´, kn±o-Jv, ilo-Zv,

kmenlv F∂o ÿm\-ßƒIqSn Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩØn¬ Cu

temI-Øp-sh®p B¿°pw-Xs∂ e`n-°p-I-bn-s√∂p h∂p.

Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ hmZsØ hnip-≤ -Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-

ambn kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ hmZ-sØ Jfin-°p-hm≥th≠n Xncp-

\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ Cu ]Zhn e`n-®-h¿ D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn√

F∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠p hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-s\bpw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-

sbbpw IqSn A]-am-\n-°m≥ ss[cy-s∏-Sp∂ Ch¿ Alva-Zn-

øØv Hcp I≈-]-ÿm-\-am-sW∂p hcp-Øp-hm≥ sIm≠p-]n-

Sn® iaw \S-Øp-∂-Xn¬ F¥n\v B›-cy-s∏-SWw? F∂m¬,

Ch-cn-∏-d-bp-∂-Xn¬\n∂p Hcp kwKXn hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. AXm-

b-Xv, H∂p-In¬ Cu \mep ]Z-hn-Ifpw e`n-®-h¿ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS

DΩ-Øn¬ ChnsS D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-

∂p. As√-¶n¬ \men¬ Hcp ]Z-hnbpw Chn-sS-sh®p Cu DΩ-

Øn¬ B¿°pw- Xs∂ e`n-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw Ign-™p-t]mb kap-

Zm-b-ß-fn¬ Cu ]Z-hn-Iƒ e`n-®-h-tcm-sSm∏w kz¿K-Øn-en-cn-

°m≥ amXta Ah¿°p km[n-°p-I-bp≈q F∂pw ]d-tb-≠n-

h-cpw. BZy-tØXp Alva-Znøm hnizm-k-am-Wv. kXy-sa∂v sXfn-

b-n°p∂XmWv. c≠m-a-tØ-Xv, A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw \-_n-tbm

Spw D≈ A\p-k-c-Ww- hgn Bflo-I-amb bmsXmcp ]Z-hnbpw

Cu tijvT- k-ap-Zm-b-Ønse AwK-ßƒ°v e`n-°-bn-s√∂pw

Aßs\ Jp¿-B-t\m-Sp≈ A\p-k-cWw e-iq-\y-am-sW∂pw

hcp-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv.


Hcmƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬ \_n-tbm, kn±otJm ilotZm

kmentlm BI-W-sa-¶n¬ Cu tem-I-Øp- sh®p Xs∂ Abmƒ

B ]Z-hn-bn-se-Øn-bn-cn-°-Ww. Cu temIØv B ]Zhn e`n-

°msX B ]Zhn e`n® ]q¿hn-I-tcm-sSm∏w ]c-tem-IØp Hcp

ÿeØv Hcp-an-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-amXw Hcmƒ B ]Zhn

kn≤n-®-bm-fm-Ip-∂n-√. \_nXzw t]mI-s´, a‰pÿm\-ßfpw Cu

temI-Øp-sh-®p- Xs∂ kn≤n-®n-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬, amX-

ta, ]c-tem-IØpw B ÿm\w kn≤n-®-h-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cn-°-

bp-≈q. BI-bm¬, ta¬ ÿm\-ßƒ ]c-tem-IØp amXw e`n-

°p-∂-h-bm-sW-∂pw, Cu temI-Øp-sh®p e`n-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw

]d-bp-∂Xp kXy-hn-cp-≤-amb Hcp ]kvXm-h\ amX-am-Wv.

""A√m-l-hp-s\bpw Ahs‚ dkq¬amscbpw hniz-kn-®-h¿

kn±o-Jp-amcpw ilo-Zp-amcpw Bbn-cn-°pw Xß-fpsS c£n-Xm-

hn-¶¬ F∂ Bb-Øn\p hn]-co-Xm¿∞w Iev]n-®p-sIm≠v

AXns\ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw kn±oJv ]Zhnhsc e`n-

®-h¿ amXta D≠m-bn-cn-°-bp≈q F∂-Xn-te°p Hcp tcJ-sb-

t∂mWw Ch¿ FSpØp ImWn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, ]kvXpX

hmIy-Øn¬ ""Xß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hns‚ ASp-°¬'' F∂p ]d-

™-Xns\ At∏mƒ Ah¿ KWy-am-°p-∂n-√. A√m-lp-hns‚

ASp-°¬ amXw Ah¿ kn±otJm ilotZm Bbn-cn-°p-sa-∂mWv

]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw Cu temIØv Ah¿°v B ÿm\-

ßƒ e`n-°p-sa∂p ]d-™n- n-s√∂pw Ch-cpsS AtX \ymb-a-

\p-k-cn®v FXn¿hmZw sNbvXm¬, AXn-s\-¥p-Øcw \evIpw?

Ch-cpsS Cu \ymb-a-\p-k-cn®v Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ amX-

a-√, Xncp-ta-\n°p apºp≈ ]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS DΩ-Øp-I-fnepw

Bcpw-Xs∂ Cu temIØv kn±otJm ilotZm Bbn- n-s√-∂pw

F√m-hcpw ]c-tem-IØv A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬ B ÿm\w

]m]n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°pIbp≈q F∂pw ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. ""A√m-

lp-hns‚ ]°¬'' F∂p ]d-™n- p-IqSn Cu temI-Øp-Xs∂

kn±o-Jpw iloZpw D≠m-bn-´p-s≠∂p Ch¿ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v.

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬88F∂m¬ A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-sbbpw A\p-k-

cn-®-h¿°v \mep ]Z-hn-Iƒ kn≤n-°p-sa∂p ]d-t™-SØv ""A√m-

lp-hns‚ ]°¬'' F∂p ]d-™n- p-an-√. F∂n´pw ]kvXp-X-

hmIyw Alva-Znøm hnizm-k-Øn-∂-\p-Iq-e-amb Hcp tcJ-b-

s√∂p hcp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn AXn¬ ]d-b-s∏´ ÿm\-

ßƒ ]c-tem-I-Øp-amXw e`n-°p∂ ÿm\-ß-fm-sW∂p ]d-

bm-\n-h¿ ss[cy-s∏-Sp-∂p. Alva-Zn-ø-Øn-\p-t\sc Ch¿ ImWn-

°p∂ hn]-coX a\x-ÿn-Xn-sb-∂-√msX F¥p ]d-bm-\m-Wv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ ta¬-B-b-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw -\-_n-

sbbpw A\p-k-cn-®-h¿ A√mlp A\p-K-ln® \mep ÿm\-

°m-cm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠v Cu \mep ÿm-\-ßfpw

e`n-®-h¿ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v

A√mlp hy‡am-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. BI-bm¬, Bsc-

¥p-]-d-™mepw Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°n-Ø-∂-Xp- X-s∂-bmWp

kXyw. \_n-sb-∂Xp Hcp Bflo-b ]-Z-hn-bm-Wv. uXn-I-amb

Hcp ÿm\-a√. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ kn±o-Jv, ilo-Zv, kzmenlv

F∂o ]Z-hn-Ifpw `uXn-I-amb Ah-ÿ-Itfm imco-cn-I-amb

ÿnXn-hn-ti-j-ßtfm A√. BI-bm¬, ChnsS "iloZv' F∂-

Xn\p "c‡-km£n' F∂¿∞w \evIp-∂Xv sX‰m-Wv. c‡-km-

£n-Iƒ°pw "iloZv' F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. ]t£, hnip-≤-

Jp¿B\n¬ "iloZv' F∂pw "iplZm' F∂pw ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-

°p-∂Xv "c‡-km-£n-Iƒ' F∂¿∞-Øn-e-√. hnti-jn®pw

]kvXpX Bb-Øn¬ "iplZm' F∂p ]d-™Xp "c‡-km-

£n-Iƒ' F∂ A¿∞-Øn-e-√- X-s∂. Fs¥-∂m¬, \_n, kn±o-

Jv, ilo-Zv Cu aq∂p ]Z-hn-Iƒ kn≤n-®-h-cnepw c‡-km-£n-I-

fp-≠m-hmw. iplZm F∂-Xn∂p c‡-km-£n-Iƒ F∂v A¿∞w

Iev]n-°p-∂-]£w \_n, kn±o-Jv, kmenlv F∂o ]Z-hn-°m-

cmb Bcpw- Xs∂ Hcn-°epw "iloZv' Bbn- n-s√∂pw Bhp-I-

bn-s√∂pw ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. Ah¿°pw c‡-km-£n-Iƒ Bhm-

sa∂pw Aßs\ Bbn- p-s≠∂pw D≈-XmWv hmkvX-h-sa∂p


hcp-tºmƒ ChnsS iplZm F∂p ]d-™Xp c‡-km-£n-Iƒ

F∂ A¿∞-Øn-e-s√∂p kΩ-Xn-°p-Itb \n¿hm-l-ap-≈q. a‰p

aq∂p ]Z-hn-I-sf-t∏mse AXpw Bflo-b-amb Hcp ]Zhn amX-

am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv \mep Bflob ÿm\-ß-fpsS

Iq -Øn¬ aq∂m-a-Xmbn "iplZm' F∂pw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.


]Øv

apl-ΩZv apkvX- m Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Bhn¿`m-h-Øn-\p-

tijw \p_p-∆Øv BIp∂ A\p-Klw \ne-®p-t]m-bn- p-s≠

∂pw B Znhym-flm-hn-\p-tijw A√mlp B¿°pw \p_p-∆Øv

]Zhn \evIp-I-bn-s√∂pw Icp-Xp-∂Xp A_-≤-am-sW∂p hnip-

≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ Bcw` A[ym-b-amb kqdm ^mØn-l -Xs∂

hy‡am°nØ-cp-∂p-≠v. hI-Xbpw sshcm-Kyhpw Dt]£n®v

kXy-t_m-[-tØm-Sp-IqSn Nn¥n-°p-∂-h¿°p Cu kwKXn a\-

n-em-°m≥ ]bm-k-an-√. Cu kqd-Øn¬

""\o Rßsf t\cmb am¿KØn¬ \S-tØ-W-ta, \o Bcn¬

A\p-Klw sNmcn-™pthm Ah-cpsS hgn-bn¬ Xs∂'' F∂p

]m¿∞n-°p-hm-\m-Wt√m \n¿tZin-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A√mlp A\p-

K-ln-®-h-cpsS am¿KØn¬ \S-Øm≥ ]m¿Yn-°p-∂-Xns‚ XmXv]-

cyw, B A\p-Krlo-X-P\w GXp am¿K-Øn¬ Ncn-®-Xns‚ e-

ambn Ah¿°v B A\p-Klw kn≤n-®pthm B hgn-bn¬ Ncn-

®psIm≠p B A\p-K-l-Øn\p \mapw ]mXo- q-X-cm-IWw

F∂m-Ims\ Xc-ap-≈p-h-s√m. ]q¿h-Im-eØp A√m-lp-hns‚

A\pKl-Øn\p ]mXo- q-X-cmb P\-ßƒ°v e`n® A\p-Klw

\ap°v e`n-t°-≠-Xn-s√∂pw e`n-°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw, BI-bm¬

Ah¿ Ncn® B am¿Kw a\- n-em-°p-Itbm AYhm B am¿K-

Øn-¬IqsS shdpsX Ncn-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬aXn F∂p-amWv

AXns‚ XmXv]-cy-sa∂p hnth-I-ap≈ Bcpw-Xs∂ ]d-bp-I-

bn-√. amX-a-√, B A\p-Krlo-X-P\w GsXmcp am¿KsØ Ah-

ew-_n-®-Xns‚ e-ambn Ah¿°m A\p-Klw e n-®pthm AtX-

am¿KØn¬ ]n¥p-S¿∂-h¿°p B A\p-Klw In´p-sa-∂-Xn¬

]£m-¥-c-Øn-∂-h-Im-i-an-√. At∏mƒ Cu ]m¿Y-\-bpsS

XmXv]cyw ]q¿h-Im-esØ A\p-Krlo-X-P\w GXp-am¿K-Øn¬


Ncn-®-Xns‚ ^e-ambn Ah¿°v A\p-Klw e`n-®pthm B

am¿KsØ A\p-k-cn-®p-\-S∂p B A\p-K-l-Øn\v Rß-sfbpw

]mX-am-t°-Wta F∂m-bn-cn-°mt\ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q. At∏mƒ

]q¿h-Im-eØv A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-Øn-\p ]mX-am-b-h-sc-

t∏m-ep-≈-h¿ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Ønepw D≠m-Ip-sa∂p a\-

n-em-Ip-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-Klw ]m]n-®-h¿ \_n, kn±o-

Jv, ilo-Zv, kmenlv F∂o \mep Xc-°m-cm-sW∂v hy‡-amb

`mj-bn¬ hnip-≤- Jp¿-B≥ 4:70¬ ]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≠v. At∏mƒ

A√mlp A\p-K-ln-®-h-sc∂p kqdm mXn-lbn¬ ]d-™n-cn-

°p-∂Xv Cu \mep C\-Øn¬s∏- -h-cm-sW∂p hy‡-am-bn. ""\o

A\p-K-ln-®-h-cpsS am¿K-Øn¬'' F∂p kqdm- m-Øn-lbn¬

]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv Cu \mev A\pKr-loX h¿K-°m-sc-°p-dn-

®m-sW∂p F√m hymJym-Xm-°fpw kΩ-Xn-°p∂ Hcp ]c-am¿Y-

am-Wv. Cu ]m¿Y\ ]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v A√mlp a\- n-em-°n-

Ø-cp-∂Xv Ahs‚ A\p-K-l-Øn\v ]mX-amb B \mep Xc-

°mcpw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ D≠m-Ip-sa-∂m-W-v. A\p-

Krlo-X-cmb Cu \mep Xc-°mcpw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬

D≠m-Ip-∂X-s√-¶n¬ A√mlp Ah-cpsS am¿KØn¬ \S-Øm≥

Ah-t\mSp ]m¿Yn-°-W-sa∂p Hcn-°epw Iev]n-°p-I-bn-√.

A√mlp A\p-K-ln-®-h¿, \_n-am¿ Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ \mep

ÿm\-°m-cm-sW∂v hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cn-Ibpw Ah¿ \S∂ am¿K-

Øn¬ Ncn-®p-sIm≠v Ah¿°v e`y-amb A\p-K-l-Øn\v ]mX-

am-hm≥ ]m¿Yn-°-W-sa∂p Iev]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v B

\mep-X-c-°m¿°v e`n® A\p-K-lhpw Cu DΩ-Øn¬ D≈-

h¿°v e`n-°p-sa-∂p-X-s∂-bmWv A√mlp \ap°v a\- n-em-°n-

Ø-cp-∂-Xv. Hcn-°epw \evIp-I-bn-s√∂p Xocp-am-\n® Hc\p-Klw

e`n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n ]m¿Yn-°p-hm≥ A√mlp Iev]n-®p-sh∂p

Duln-°m≥t]mepw \nhr-Øn-bn-√. A\p-K-l-Zm-Xm-hmb

A√mlp A\p-K-l-Øn\p th≠n Ah-t\mSp ]m¿Yn-°p-hm≥

]d-bp-∂p. B A\p-Klw \mep-hn-[-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-sW∂pw B

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬92A\p-K-l-Zm-Xm-hp-Xs∂ hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ Cu

]m¿Y-\-bn¬ \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂n-

s√t∂m AYhm B A\p-Klw Cu DΩØn¬ B¿°pw-Xs∂

Ah≥ \evIp-I-bn-s√t∂m ]d-bp-∂Xv Hcn-°epw Jp¿-Bs‚

t\¿°p-t\-sc-bp≈ hymJym-\tam kqdm mØnl \evIp∂

]mT-Øn\p A\p-tbm-Py-amb A¿Ytam BI-bn-√.

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw

B¿°pw e`y-am-I-bn-s√∂p ]d-bp-∂Xp icn-bm-bn-cn-°-W-sa-

¶n¬ c≠n-semcp kwKXn kΩ-Xn-°-Ww. H∂p-In¬ "\o A\p-

K-ln-®-h-cpsS B t\cmb am¿K-Øn¬ \o Rß-sf- \S

tØWta' F∂ ]m¿Y-\-bpsS XmXv]cyw \ap°v bmsXmcp

A\p-K-lhpw C\n e`n-t°-≠-Xn-s√∂pw e`n-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw

A\pKr-lo-X¿ \S-∂-h-gn-bn¬ shdpsX \S-∂m¬ aXn-sb-∂p-

am-sW∂p ]d-b-Ww. Ckvemw A¥n-ahpw ]cn-]q¿Whpw Bb

aX-am-sW∂p hniz-kn-°p∂ hnth-I-ap≈ Bcpw-Xs∂

Aßs\ ]d-bm≥ Hcp-ßp-I-bn√. Fs¥-∂m¬, A]-Imcw ]d-

bp-∂-Xv, Cu ]m¿Y\ A¿Y-c-ln-X-am-sW∂pw CkvemwaX-a-h-

ew-_n-°p-∂Xp ]tbm-P-\-c-ln-X-am-sW∂pw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂-Xn\p

Xpeyam-Wv. As√-¶n¬ A\pKrlo-X- P-\-ß-fn¬ \_n-am¿

Dƒs∏-Sp-∂n-s√∂pw \p_p-∆Øv Hcp A\p-K-l-a-s√∂pw ]d-

tb-≠n-h-cpw. AXm-I-s´, hnip-≤ -Jp¿-Bs‚ ]I-S-\-amb ]mT-

Øn\p hncp-≤-hp-am-Wv. \p_p-∆Øv G‰hpw henb A\p-K-l-

am-sW∂pw \_n A\p-Krlo-X-P-\-ß-fn¬ ]Y-a-ÿm-\o-b-cm-

sW-∂p-amWv B ]hn-X-KŸw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. BI-

bm¬, kqdmx mØn-l-bn¬ Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Cu ]m¿Y-\bpw

A\p-Krlo-X-P\w \mep-X-c-°m-cm-sW∂ Jp¿-Bs‚ ]kvXm-

h-\bpw Jp¿-B-\n¬ tijn-°p∂ Ime-tØmfw \_n-ti-jvT-

cmb Xncp-ta-\n-°p-tijw C\n B¿°pw \p_p-∆Øv ]Zhn

e`n-°-bn-s√-∂-hmZw hnip-≤- Jp¿-B\p \nc-°mØ Hcp hnX-

fi-hm-Z-am-bn-cn-°pItb D≈q.


Cu ]m¿Y-\-bn¬\n∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-

Iƒ°p \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw e`n-°p-sa∂p kn≤n-

°p-t∂-bn-s√∂pw kXy-am¿K-Øn¬IqSn AXm-bXv \-_n\n¿tZ-in® am¿K-Øn¬IqSn Ncn°m≥ km[n-°-W-sa∂p amX-

amWv CXns‚ XmXv]-cy-sa∂pw Nne¿ ]d-bm-dp-≠v. Ah¿

Cßs\ ]d-bp-∂Xv a\- m-£nsb h©n-®p-sIm-≠-s√-¶n¬

ta∏Sn ]m¿Y-\-bn-S-e-S-ßnb hmN-I-ßƒ ]Tn-°m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠m-

bn-cn-°-Ww. A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-Øn\p ]mX-am-b-h¿

\mep Xc-°m-cm-sW∂pw Ah-cn¬ H∂m-asØ ÿm\n-Iƒ

]hm-N-I-∑m-cm-sW∂pw Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°n-Ø-∂n-cns° Cu

]m¿Y-\-bpsS e-ambn Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ B¿°pw

\p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw Int -≠-Xn-s√∂p ]d-bm-sa-¶n¬

a‰p aq∂p ÿm\-°mcpw Cu DΩ-Øn¬ D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂pw

]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. CXp B¿°pw Ffp∏w Kln-°m-hp∂ Hcp

kwK-Xn-bm-Wv.

Cu ]m¿Y\-bpsS ^e-ambn \p_p-∆Øv e`n-°p-sa¶n¬

]m¿Yn-®-h-sc√mw \_n-am-cm-tI-≠-Xt√ F∂p XnI®pw _men-

i-amb Hcp tNmZyw Nne¿ D∂-bn-°m-dp-≠v. A√mlp A\p-K-

ln-®-h¿ \mep ÿm\n-I-fm-sW∂p Jp¿-B≥ X-s∂ a\- n-em-

°n-Ø-cp-∂p. BI-bm¬, A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-

s\bpw bYm¿Y-\n-e-bn¬ A\p-k-cn® Hmtcm Bfpw \_n-bm-

h-W-sa-∂n-√. \men-te-sX-¶nepw Hcp ]Zhn Ah¿°p kn≤n-

®m¬ aXn. Cu ]m¿Y-\-bn¬ ]d-b-s∏- -X-\p-k-cn®v Ah-cpsS

am¿KsØ Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂h \men¬ GsX-¶nepw Hcp ]Zhn

kn≤n-°p-sas∂ ]d-™n- p-≈q. A\p-k-c-W-Øns‚ \ne-b-\p-

k-cn®v kn±otJm ilotZm kmentlm BIm≥ Ign-bpw. BI-

bm¬ F¥p-sIm≠v F√m-hcpw kn±o-Jm-hp-∂n√ F∂p tNmZn-

°p-∂Xv FX-I≠v A¿Y-c-ln-X-amtWm AXn-tesd A¿Y-c-

ln-X-am-Wv, ]m¿Yn-°p-∂-h-sc√mw \_n-am-cm-tI-≠-Xt√ F∂p

tNmZn-°p-∂-Xpw, ]m¿Yn-°p-∂Xp \_n-bm-Im-\-s√∂p amX-a√

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬94kn±otJm ilotZm kmentlm BIm-\p-a-√. adn-®v, A\p-Klw

e`n-®-h-cm-Im≥th-≠n-bm-Wv. Ah¿ \mep-X-c-°m-cm-sW∂p Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v \mep ÿm\w e`n-®-hcn¬ GXn¬

Dƒs∏-Sm-\p≈ ÿnXn-bmtWm ]m¿Y-I-\p-≈Xv B ÿm\w

cl-ky-⁄-\mb A√mlp Abmƒ°p sImSp-°pw. A\p-Klw

]m]n® \_n-am-cn¬ \o Rßsf s]Sp-tØ-Wta F∂p ]m¿Yn-

°m-\√ kqd mØn-lm-bn¬ \n¿tZ-in-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. BI-bm¬,

]m¿Yn-°p∂ Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw \_n-bm-tI-≠-Xt√ F∂p tNmZn-

°p-∂Xv \oXn-]q¿∆-I-amb Hcp tNmZy-am-Ip-∂n-√. Cu ]m¿Y\

sNøp∂ Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw kn±oJv BIp-∂pt≠m? iloZv BIp-

∂pt≠m? kmenlv BIp-∂pt≠m? Fs∂√mw F¥p-sIm≠v

tNmZn-°p-∂n√? ]ns∂ Cu ]m¿Y\ sNøp-∂-h-sc√mw \_n-

bm-tI-≠-Xs√ F∂p tNmZn-°p-∂-Xn-s∂-¥¿∞-am-Wp-≈Xv? Cu

]m¿Y\ sNøp-∂-h-sc√mw Ipd-™-]£w kmenlv F∂

ÿm\w ]m]n-®-h-cm-sW∂p tNmZy-I¿Øm-°ƒ°v kXy-t_m-

[-tØm-Sp-IqSn ]d-bm≥ km[n-°ptam?

CsXmcp Iq -]m¿∞-\-bm-Wv. "\o Rßsf A\p-Klw kn≤n-

®-h-cpsS B t\¿am¿KØn¬ \S-tØ-Wta' F∂mWv ]m¿∞-

\. "\o Fs∂ \S-tØ-Wta' F∂ GI-h-N\ cq]-Øn-e√

]m¿Y-\. GI-\mbn ]m¿∞\ sNøp-tºmgpw _lp-h-N-\-cq-]-

Øn¬ "Rßsf' F∂p ]d-™p-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv ]m¿Yn-

t°-≠-Xv. At∏mƒ CsXmcp kmaq-ly-]m¿∞-\-bm-sW-∂p-h-

∂p. Cu ]m¿∞-\-bpsS e-ambn Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬

Cu \mep A\pKr-lo-X-ÿm-\n-Ifpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww Ft∂-

bp-≈q. ]m¿Y-I≥ GXp \ne-bn¬ GXp ÿm\-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-

Sm≥ A¿l-\m-bn-cn-°ptam, B Iq -Øn¬ B ]m¿Y\-bn¬

Dƒs∏-Spw. Npcp-°-Øn¬ Hmtcm ]m¿∞-I\pw \_ntbm

kn±otJm ilotZm BIm-\√ ]m¿∞n-°p-∂-Xv. Xncp-\-_n-bpsS

A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ Cu ÿm\-°m¿ D≠m-Im≥ th≠n-bm-Wv.

AXp-sIm≠v Xo¿®-bmbpw Cu \mep ÿm\-ßfpw ]m]n-®-


h¿ Cu DΩ-Øn¬ D≠mtb Xocq. As√-¶n¬ kqdx- ^m-Øn-

lbn¬ Dƒs°m-≈p∂ ]m¿Y\ A¿Y-c-ln-Xhpw e-iq-\yhpw

BsW∂p kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cpw.

Cu ]m¿Y-\-bpsS ^e-am-bn v \p_-p∆Øv e`n°pw F∂m-

sW-¶n¬ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬s∏´ kvXoIfpw \_n-bm-

bn-cn-t°-≠-Xt√ F∂v Nne¿ Bth-i-tØmSpIqSn tNmZn-°m-

dp-≠v. A\p-Klw kn≤n-®-h-cpsS ]mX-bn¬ \S-Øm-\mWv

]m¿Yn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, ]q¿hn-I-cn¬ FX kvXoIƒ°p

\p_p-∆Øv ]Zhn kn≤n-®n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Cu tNmZy-

I¿Øm-°ƒ Alva-Zn-ø-Øn-t\m-Sp≈ hntZzjw \nanØw Nn¥n-

°m-dn-√. ]q¿ho-I-cn¬ kvXobmb B¿°pw- Xs∂ B ÿm\w

e`n-®n- n-s√-¶n¬, "\o A\p-K-ln-®n- p-≈-h-cpsS ]mX-bn¬ \S-

tØ-Wta' F∂p ]m¿Yn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v B ]m¿Y\

sNøp∂ kvXoIfpw \_n-a-mcm-I-W-sa∂v hcp-∂-sX-¥n\v? apºv

kvXoIƒ°v \p_p-∆Øv ]Zhn kn≤n-®n- n-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v Cu

]m¿Y-\-bpsS ^e-ambn Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ Hcp

kvXo°pw Cu ]Zhn kn≤n-°-bn-s√∂pw kn≤n-t°-≠-Xn-

s√∂pw B ]m¿Y-\-Xs∂ a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂p-≠v. Cu ]m¿Y-

\-sIm-≠p-amXw Hcmƒ \_ntbm kn±otJm BIp-sa∂p

Rßƒ ]d-bp-∂n-√. adn®v A√m-lp-hns‚ A\pKrloX P\-

ß-fn¬ \mapw Dƒs∏-Sm-\mbn ]m¿Yn-°m-\mWv B⁄m-]n-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-cn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Is´ ssZhØns‚ Hc-

\p-Klw amX-am-Wv. Bflo-b-]-Z-hn-Iƒ kz]-b-Xv\w-sIm≠v

amXw B¿°pw ]m]y-hp-a-√.

\p_p-∆Øv ssZho-I-amb Hcp hc-Zm-\-am-bn-cns° AXp ]m¿Y-

\tbm kXvI¿atam aptJ\ C„-a-\p-k-cn®p ]m]n-°m-hp-∂-

sX-ßs\ F∂pw Nne¿ tNmZn-°m-dp-≠v. kz]-b-Xv\w-sIm≠v

C„m-\p-k-cWw ]m]n-°m-hp-∂-X√ Bflo-b- ÿm-\-ßƒ

H∂pw-X-s∂. AXp-sIm-≠mWv \_n, kn±o-Jv, ilo-Zv, kmenlv

F∂o \mep ]Z-hn-Iƒ \evIp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v ]kvXm-hn-t®-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬96SØv CXp A√m-lp-hn¬\n-∂p≈ A\p-K-l-amWv F∂v

A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv (4:71). At∏mƒ Hc-mfpsS ]m¿Y-

\-sIm-≠p-amXw Abmsf A√mlp \_n-bm-°p-I-bn-s√∂p

h∂p. amX-a-√, Xs∂ \_n-bm-°-W-sa∂v Hcp bYm¿Y ‡≥

Hcn-°epw ]m¿Yn-°-pIbp-an-√. F∂m¬, Hcm-fp-tStbm A\-

h[n Bfp-I-fp-tStbm ]m¿Y-\m- -e-ambn A√mlp B¿s°-

¶nepw \p_p-∆Øv BIp∂ A\p-Klw \evIp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

AXp Jp¿-Bs‚ A[ym-]-\-Øn\p hn]-co-X-hp-a-√.

""Rß-fpsS \mYm \o Ah-cn¬\n∂p Ah¿°mbn Hcp

ZqXs\ Fgp-t∂-ev]n-®mepw'' (2:130)

F∂ C_mlow \_nbpsS ]m¿Y-\-bpsS e-am-bn- mWv

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n \nbp-‡-\m-b-Xv. CXp F√m-hcpw kΩ-Xn-°p∂

Hcp ]c-am¿∞-am-Wv. ]Þ^Âçé]eo]e†]ânÜ ""Rm≥ Fs‚ ]nXm-hmb

C_m-lo-ans‚ ]m¿Y-\-bmWv' F∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n Xs∂

Acp-fn-bn- p-≠v. AXm-b-Xv, lZvdØv C_mlow \_n-s‚

]m¿Y-\-bpsS e-amWv Xms\-∂p- Xs∂ lmdq-≥s\ \_n-

bmbn \ntbm-Kn-°m≥ aqkm-\-_n A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv Cßs\

]m¿Yn-®-Xmbn Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

""\o F\n-°p-th≠n Fs‚ IpSpw-_-Øn¬\n∂p Hcp klm-

b-Is\ \evIn-bm-epw. Fs‚ ktlm-Z-c-\mb lmdq-s\-X-s∂.

At±lw aptJ\ Fs‚ i‡nsb ZrV-X-c-am-°p-Ibpw Fs‚

I-mcy-Øn¬ At±-l-sØ ]¶pImc-\m-°p-Ibpw sNøpI''

(20:30- 33)

Cu ]m¿Y\ kzoI-cn-°-s∏- p-sh∂v A√mlp ]d-bp-∂p.


""A√tbm aqkm, \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ At]£ \evI-s∏-

´n-cn-°p∂p'' (20:37).

AXm-b-Xv, aqkm \_n-bpsS ]m¿Y\ A√mlp kzoI-cn-®p-

sh-∂p-X-s∂. \p_p-∆Øv tIhew Zm\-am-sW∂pw AXv ]m¿Y-

\-bpsS e-ambn Hcp ]Im-c-Ønepw B¿°pw e`n-°m-hp-∂-X-

s√∂pw kn≤m-¥n-°p-∂-h¿°v thW-sa-¶n¬ C_mlow \

_n-s‚ ]m¿Y-\°v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS dnkm-e-b-Øp-

ambpw AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ aqkm-\_nbpsS ]m¿Y-\bv°v

lmdq≥ \_n-bpsS dnkm-e-Øp-ambpw bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an-

s√∂pw BI-bm¬ Jp¿-Bs‚ ]kvXm-h\ kzoIm-cy-a-s√∂pw

thW-sa-¶n¬ ]d-bmw. C_m-low \_n-bpsS ]m¿Y-\m- -e-

ambn \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw aqkm-\-_n-bpsS ]m¿Y-\m- -e-ambn lmdq≥\-_n \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw sNbvXn- p-s≠-¶n¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬\n-

∂p≈ e£-°-W-°mb kXym-flm-°-fpsS ]m¿Y-\m- -e-ambn

Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS hmKvZ-m\-a-\p-k-cn®v Ckvemw Zo\ns\ D≤-cn-

°m≥th≠n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ \n∂v Hcmƒ°v A√mlp

\p_p-∆Øv ]Zhn \evIn-bn- p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv Jp¿-Bs‚ A[ym-

]-\-Øn\p A\p-tbm-Py-am-Ip-∂-X-√msX hn]-co-Xam-Ip-∂-X-√.

kqdx- m-Øn-l-bn¬\n∂p \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬

\p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw e`n-°p-∂-h¿ D≠mIpw F∂p

sXfn-bp-∂p-sh∂ Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ \ymbsØ Jfin-

°p-hm-s\-t∂mWw Nne¿ FXbpw ckm-h-l-amb as‰mcp kwK-

Xn-IqSn ]d-bm-dp-≠v. A\p-Kr-lo-X-cpsS ]mX-bmb "kndm-Ø¬

apkvX-Jo-an¬ \S-°p-∂Xp- sIm≠v A\p-Klw ]m]n-®-h-cmIp-

sa-¶n¬ Aßs\ \S-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠p ssZhhpw BIm-hp-∂-

Xm-sW∂p ]d-tb-≠n-h-cp-sa∂pw hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬ kndmØp

¬ apkvX-Jo-ans\ Ipdn®v Nnte-SØv "kndm-Øn-√mln' ‘†]½]Ö×ùä"A√m-lp-hns‚ hgn' F∂p ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n- p-≠v F∂pw

BWv Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. F¥p hne-sIm-Sp-Øn´pw Jp¿-Bs\

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬98Ifn-∏-m -am-°n-bn- p-t]m-epw Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ hnizm-

k-ßsf Jfin-°-W-sa∂ hyK-X-bn¬ \oXnsb ad∂pw a\-

m-£nsb Adp-sIme sNbvXp-amtWm Ch¿ CØcw tNmZy-

ß-fp-∂-bn-°p-∂-sX∂p kwi-bn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ""A√m-lp-

hns‚ hgn'' Bb-Xp-sIm≠p B hgn-bn¬ Ncn-°p-∂-h¿°m

¿°pw A√mlp BIm≥ km[y-a√ F∂-Xp-t]m-se, A\p-Kr-

lo-X-cpsS hgn-bn¬ Ncn-®-Xns‚ ^e-ambn Bcpw \_n-bm-I-

bn√ F∂m-Wn-∏-d-™-Xns‚ A¿Y-sa-¶n¬ AtXm-sSm-∏w- Xs∂

B A\p-KrloXcpsS hgn-bn¬ Ncn-®-Xp-sIm≠v Bcpw -Xs∂

kn±otJm ilotZm kzmentlm Bhp-I-bn-s√∂pw Ch¿ kΩ-

Xn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. Cu tNmZy-I¿Øm-°ƒ Aßs\ "kndm-Ø¬

apkvX-Joan'¬ \S-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v bmsXm-c-\p-K-lhpw Xncp-

\-_n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°p In´p-I-bn-s√∂mtWm `wKy-¥-

tcW ka¿Yn-°p-∂Xv? A√m-lp-hn-t\bpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-

t\bpw A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw kqdx- m-Øn-lbn¬ \n¿tZ-in-°-

s∏´ ]m¿Y\ sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xns‚ e-ambn bmsXmcp

A\p-K-lhpw e`n-°p-hm-\n-s√∂p hcp-Øp-amdv Ch¿ Cß-s\-

sb√mw ]d-™p-I-f-bp-∂p-h-t√m.

A√m-lp-hns‚ hgn F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ hnh£ A√mlp

Ahs‚ Xncp-Zq-X¿ aptJ\ \n¿tZ-in® hgn F∂m-Wv. A√m-

sX, GXp-h-gnsb ]n¥p-S¿∂-Xns‚ e-ambn A√mlp A√mlp

hm-bn-Øo¿∂pthm B hgn F∂-√. CXv B¿°mWv a\- n-em-

°m≥ km[n-°m-ØXv? AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ "A√mlp A\p-K-

ln-®-h-cpsS hgn-bn¬ Rßsf \S-tØ-Wta' F∂p ]m¿Yn-

°p-∂-Xns‚ Xmev]cyw A\p-Kr-lo-X-P\w GXp-h-gn-bn¬ Ncn-

®-Xns‚ ^e-ambn Ah¿°v B A\p-Klw e`n-®pthm B

hgn-bn¬ \SØn B A\p-Klßƒ°v Rßsf Ah-Im-in-I-

fm-t°-Wta F∂m-sW∂p B¿°pw \njv]-bmkw a\- n-em-

°mw. "Ckvemw \ΩpsS Zo\mWv' F∂pw "Ckvemw A√m-lp-

hns‚ Zo\mWv' F∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-h-t√m. \ΩpsS Zo\mWv


F∂p- ]-d-bp-tºmƒ, \mw \n¿tZ-in-°p-Ibpw D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw

sNbvX Zo≥ F∂√ AXns‚ A¿Yw. adn-®v, \mw GXp Zo≥

A\p-k-cn®p Pohn-°-Wtam B Zo≥ F∂m-W¿Yw. Ckvemw

A√m-lp-hns‚ Zo≥ BWv F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXns‚ A¿Yw

A√mlp GXp Zo≥ A\p-k-cn®v Pohn-t°-Wtam B Zo≥ BWv

Ckvemw F∂m-sW∂v _p≤nbpw \oXn-bp-ap≈ Bcpw-Xs∂

]d-bp-I-bn-√. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb]‰n …‰çÖß^ "\ΩpsS dkq¬'

F∂pw …‰çÙ]Ö×ùä "A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq¬ F∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

\ΩpsS dkq¬ F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXns‚ A¿Yw \ap°v

Ckvemw-aXw ]t_m-[n-°p-hm≥ th≠n- h∂ dkq¬ F∂m-

Wv. "A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq¬' F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hn∂v

k∑m¿tKm-]-tZiw sNøm\pw kzam-XrI aptJ\ A√m-lp-hns\

\∂m-°m\pw th≠n-bp≈ dkq¬ F∂mWv hnh-£-s-b∂p

_p≤n-bp-≈-h-cm-sc-¶nepw ]d-bptam? C√! Hcn-°epw C√! A√m-

lp-hns‚ dkq¬ F∂-Xns‚ hnh£ A√mlp a\p-jy¿°p-

th≠n \ntbm-Kn-®-b® Ahs‚ dkq¬ F∂p-am-X-am-Wv. CtX-

]-Imcw Xs∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ t\¿hgn F∂p ]d-™m¬

A√mlp \n¿tZ-in-®-hgn Ft∂ A¿Yw Kln-°p-I-bp-≈q.

A√mlp \n¿tZin® hgn Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Bcpw

A√mlp Bhp-I-bn-√. adn-®v, AXns‚ e-ambn a\p-jy¿°v

F¥-\p-Klw e`n-°p-sa-∂mtWm ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv B A\p-

Klw B hgn Ah-ew-_n-®-Xp-sIm≠p e`n-°p-sat∂ hcn-I-

bp-≈q. F∂m¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-Klw ]m]n-®-h-cpsS

hgn F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw, GXp hgn Ah-ew-_n-®-Xp-

sIm≠v Ah¿ ssZhm-\p-K-l-Øn\p Ah-Im-in-I-fmtbm B

hgn F∂p amX-am-Wv. At∏mƒ B hgn Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂-h¿°p

B A\p-Klw e`n-°p-sa-∂m-bn. Ah¿ A√mlp BIp-sa-∂-

√. A\p-Kr-lo-X-P\w \mep ÿm\w e`n-®-hcm-sW∂p Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp-∂p. \_n, kn±o-Jv, ilo-Zv, kzmenlv Cu A\p-Kr-

lo-X-ÿm-\w e`n-®-hcpsS hgn-bn¬ \sΩ \S-Øm≥ ]m¿Yn-

°-W-sa-∂mWv kqdx- m-Øn-lbn¬ \n¿tZin-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬100Xv. Cß-s\-bn-cns° \_n-bm-Ip-sa-¶n¬ kodm-Ø¬ apkvX-Jo-

an¬ \S-∂-Xp-sIm≠p A√mlp BtI-≠-Xp-a-t√ F∂pw a‰pw

Ch¿ tNmZn-°p-∂Xv [n°mcw amX-at√? Cßs\ kqdx- ^m-

Øn-lbnse ]m¿Y\sb \nc¿Y-I-am-°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw Alva-

Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ hnizm-k-ßsf Jfin-°p-hm-s\-t∂mWw

hnip-≤- Jp¿-Bs\ Ifn∏m -am-°p-Ibpw sNøm≥ aSn-°mØ

Ch-cmWv Alva-Zn-I-sf-∏‰n Jp¿-Bs\ Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøp-

∂-h-cpw, Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mT-Øn-s∂-Xn-cmbn hniz-kn-°p-∂-hcpw

BsW-∂m-t£-]n-°p-∂-Xv.

"kndm-Ø≥ apkvX-Jo-an'¬ Ncn-°p-∂-h¿°v \p_p-∆Øv ]Zhn

kn≤n°m-hp-∂-Xm-sW¶n¬ A√mlp-hns‚ hgn' F∂p-IqSn ]d-

b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ B hgn-bn¬ Ncn-°p-∂-h¿°p A√m-

lphpw BIm-hp-∂-Xm-Wt√m F∂p tNmZn-°p-∂-h¿ Hcp kw

KXn Btem-Nn-°m-dn-√. Xncp-\-_n\pti-j-am-Wt√m \p_p-

∆Øv B¿°pw e`n-°p-I-bn-s√∂p Ch¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv! B Znhym-

flm-hn\p apºv Cu A\p-K-l-Øns‚ IhmSw _‘n-°-s∏- p-

t]m-bn- n-√-t√m. A\-h[n k¬]p-cp-j-∑m¿°v Cu A\p-Klw

kn≤n-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-sc-√m-hcpw A√m-lp-hns‚ "apkvXJow'

Bb ]mX-bn¬ Ncn-®-h-cm-Wv. F∂m¬, A°m-eØv Aßs\

Ncn-®-h-cn¬ Bsc-¶nepw A√mlp Bbn- pt≠m? Bbn- n-s√-

∂m-sW-¶n¬ C∂p kndm-Ø¬ apkvX-Jo-an¬ Ncn-°p-∂-h¿

AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ ]mX-bm-sW∂p ]d-b-s∏- -Xp-sIm-≠p-am-

Xw, F¥n\v A√m-lp- B-bnØocWw? ap≥]v B ]mXsb

Ah-ew-_n®p Pohn-®-h¿ \mep Bflo-b-]-Zhn kn≤n-®-h¿ amX-

am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ B am¿KØn¬ Ncn-°p-∂-h-cm-Im-\mWv

]m¿Y-\sb¶n¬˛ C∂p B am¿K-Øn¬ Ncn-°p-∂-h¿ F¥p-

sIm≠v A√mlp BIp-∂n√ F∂ tNmZy-Øn\v _p≤nbpw

\oXnbpw Bbn v h√ _‘-hp-apt≠m F∂p kXy-t_m-[-ap-

≈-h¿ Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.


]Xn-s\m∂v

\p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw A√mlp \evIpI Xncp-\-_n-

bpsS DΩ-Øn-\m-Wv. AXm-bXv Xncp-\-_n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-

I-fn¬s]- -h¿°v. CXn-te°v Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n-∂p≈ as‰mcp

sXfnhv NphsS D≤-cn-°p∂ hmIy-am-Wv.

""hniz-kn-®-h¿°v C\nbpw ka-b-am-bn- n-t√, A√m-lp-hns‚

kvac-W-bv°mbn Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ Aen-hp-≈-Xm-bn-Øo-

cm≥. apºv KŸw \¬I-s∏- -h-sc-t∏mse BIm-Xn-cn-°m-

\pw. Ah¿°v \o≠-Imew Ign-bp-Ibpw Aßs\ Ah-cpsS

lrZ-b-ßƒ ISp-Øp-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah-cn¬ A[nIw

Bfp-Ifpw B⁄m-ew-L-I-c-sX. \nß-f-dn-bp-hn≥, \n›-

b-ambpw A√mlp `qansb AXns‚ ac-W-tijw Pohn-∏n-

°pw. \mw \nßƒ°mbn AS-bm-f-ßƒ hnh-cn-®p-X-∂n-cn-

°p∂p \nßƒ a\ n-em-°phm≥th≠n'' (57:17,18)

Cu c≠p Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-ß-fn¬ BZy-tØ-Xn¬ hnip-≤-

Jp¿-Bs‚ Ah-X-c-W-Øn-\p-tijw Zo¿L-Imew Ign-™m¬,

apkvenw-Iƒ AXns‚ bYm¿Y A[ym-]-\-ß-fn¬\n∂p AI-

∂p-t]m-hp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ ssZh-tØm-Spff b-

`‡n iq\y-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw KŸw \evI-s∏´p Zo¿L-Imew

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬102Ign-™-Xn¬]ns∂ blq-Zn-\-kmdm°ƒ inem-lr-Zbcpw B

⁄m-ew-L-Icpw Bbn-Øo¿∂-Xp-t]m-se, Bbn-Øo-cp-Ibpw

sNøp-sa-∂mWv ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. c≠m-asØ Bb-

Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv B \ne hcn-Ibpw a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-ßƒ Bflo-

b-\n-e-bn¬ \n¿Po-h-ambn ]cn-W-an-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ BIm-

i-Øn¬\n∂p sh≈-an-d°n \n¿Po-h-amb `qan°p Poh-ssN-

X\yw \evIp-∂-Xp-t]mse A√mlp Ahs‚ a[p-c- m-j-W-amb

Bflo-b-P-e-an-d°n a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-ßsf Pohn-∏n-°p-sa∂mWv.

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw A√mlp \ntbm-Kn-®-b-

°p∂ Ahs‚ k¬]p-cp-j-∑m¿°v Ah≥ \evIp∂ Znhy-sh-

fn-]m-Sns\ ag-tbm-Sp-]-an®p ]d-™p-sIm-≠v, \n¿Po-hm-h-ÿ-sb-

]m-]n-®- `q-an°v hr„n-ap-tJ\ Poh-ssN-X\yw \evIp-∂Xp-

t]mse Bflo-b -Pew aptJ\ \n¿Po-hm-h-ÿsb ]m]n®

lrZ-b-ßsf D÷o-hn-∏n-°p∂p F∂v ]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≠v. Cu

kwKXn Cu apsºm-cn-SØp Rm≥ ]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≈-Xm-Wv.

B \nbaw Xs∂-bmWv A√mlp Chn-sSbpw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. AXm-

b-Xv, apkvenw-I-fpsS lrZbw ac-hn-®p-t]m-Ibpw ssZh- -bhpw

Cuiz-c- -‡nbpw Ah-cn¬\n∂p Hgn-™p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw Aßs\

Ah¿, apºv KŸw \evI-s∏´ blqZn \km-dm-°-sf-t∏mse

inem-lr-Zbcpw B⁄m-ew-L-I-cp-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-

Imew hcp-sa∂pw At∏mƒ A√mlp Ahsc D÷o-hn-∏n-°m-

\mbn Ahs‚ Aar-X- m-j-W-am-Ip∂ hr„n-bn-d-°p-∂-Xm-sW-

∂pw-X-s∂. Cu Bflo-b-hr„n apºv Ah≥ Cd-°n-b-sX√mw

Ah≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ Ahs‚ Nne hcn-jvT-Zm-k-∑m-cn-em-

bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂-bm-bn-cn°pw apkvenw-Iƒ

Ckvem-an¬ \n-∂-I-∂p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ Ah≥ Cd-°p-∂-Xm-bn v

ChnsS ]d™ B Bflo-b -P-e-hpw. ChnsS Bflo-b-\n-e-

bn¬ \n¿Po-hm-h-ÿsb ]m]n-°p-∂-Xm-bn´p ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-

∂Xv apkvenw-I-sf-°p-dn-®m-W-t√m. AXm-b-Xv, hniz-kn-®-h-cm-

sW∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-h-sc-°p-dn-®v, BI-bm¬ Ahsc Pohn-


∏n-°m≥ Bflo-b-Pew Cd-°p-sa∂p ]d-™-Xn¬\n∂p a\-

n-em-Ip-∂Xv Ah-cn¬\n-∂v, AXm-bXv ]hm-N-I- N-I-h¿Øn-

bmb Xncp-\-_n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ \n-∂p≈ G sX-¶nepw

Hcp hy‡n-bn¬ Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cn°pw Ah≥ B AarX- Pew Cd-

°p-I-sb-∂m-Wv. Aßs\ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p- tijw \p_p-

∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw e`n-°psa-∂Xv Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-

Øn¬s]´ Bƒ°m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v hnip-≤- Jp¿-B≥ \memw

kqdx 70- mw hmIyhpw kqdx mØn-lbpw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-

∂-Xp-t]mse Cu hmIyhpw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

A√m-lp-hn\pw Ah-\n¬\n-∂p Ah-X-cn® kXy-Øn\pw

th≠n lrZ-b-Øn¬ Aenhpw b- -‡nbpw D≠m-hm-\pw, KŸw

\¬I-s∏- -Xn-\p-tijw Zo¿L-Imew Ign-™-Xn¬ ]ns∂ inem-

lr-Z-bcpw B⁄m-ew-L-Icpw Bbn-Øo¿∂ blq-Zn- \-km-dm-

°-sf-t∏mse BIm-Xn-cn-°m\pw apA-van-\ow-Iƒ°v C\nbpw ka-

b-am-bn- nt√? F∂v ta¬ Bb-Øn¬ ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

Xncp-\-_n-bpsS klm-_n-I-sf-°p-dnt®m A\-¥-c-Km-an-I-sf-°p-

dnt®m A°m-esØ ap\m- n-Jp-I-sf-°p-dnt®m BsW∂p Icp-

Xm≥ \n¿∆m-l-I-an-√. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS injy-∑mcpw A\-

¥-c-Km-an-I-fp-sa√mw bYm¿Y ssZh- -‡-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿°p

ssZh- -bhpw ‡nbpw D≠m-bncp-∂n√ F∂p ]d-bm-h-X-√-t√m.

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n aptJ\ A√mlp Cd-°nb Pohm-arXw aptJ\

Ah¿ icn-bm-b- \n-e-bn¬ Bflo-b -Po-hnXw ]m]n-®-h-cm-bn-

Øo¿∂n-cp-∂p. Ah-sc-°p-dn-®v ssZh- -bhpw `‡nbpw D≠m-

hm-\p≈ kabw Bbn- nt√? F∂v Hcn-°epw ]d-bm-h-X-√. c≠m-

a-Xv, ChnsS ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, KŸw \evI-s∏- -

Xn-∂p-tijw Zo¿L-Imew Ign-™p-t]mbXn¬ ]ns∂ blq-Zn-

\-km-dm-°ƒ inem-lr-Z-bcpw B⁄m-ew-L-Icpw Bbn-Øo¿∂-

Xp-t]mse BIm-Xn-cn-°m≥ C\nbpw ka-b-am-bnt√ F∂m-Wv.

Cu Ah-ÿ-I-sfm∂pw Xs∂ BZna apkvenw-Iƒ°p-≠m-bn- n-

√. Ahsc kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw hnip-≤ -Jp¿-B≥ Cd-ßn-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬104bn v Zo¿L-Imew Ign-™n- p-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ inem-lr-Z-

btcm B⁄m-ew-L-Itcm Bbn-cp-∂n-√-Xm-\pw. ChnsS A°m-

esØ ap\m- n-Jo-ß-sf-°p-dn-®m-WnXv ]d-™-sX∂pw Icp-Xm≥

\n¿hm-l-an-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, bYm¿Y-Øn¬ ap\m- nJpIƒ \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\n-bn¬ hniz-kn-®-h-cm-bncp-∂ns√-∂mWv Jp¿B≥

Bh¿Øn®mh¿Øn®p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ap\m-^n-Jp-Iƒ

Jp¿B≥ Cdßn \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ Ign-™-Xn¬ ]ns∂ amXw D≠m-

b-h-cp-a-√. BI-bm¬, hniz-kn-®-h¿ F∂n-hnsS ]d-™n-cn-°p-

∂Xv hnizm-kn-I-fm-sW-∂-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ ]nev°me apkvenw-

I-sf-°p-dn®v Xs∂-bm-sW∂p kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Ah¿°v A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Nn¥bpw Ah-t\m-Sp≈

`b`‡nbpw Ipd-™n-cn-°pw. A√m-lp-hn¬ \n-∂v Cd-ßn-b-Xn-

s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw AXp kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw th≠Xm-

sW∂ t_m[w Ah¿°v \in-®n-cn°pw F∂m¬, A[n-Iw-

t]cpw Ckvem-ans‚ B⁄-Isf ewLn®p Pohn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-

bn-cn-°pw. Cu \ne-I-sf√mw Xs∂ Ah-km-\-Ime apkvenw-

Iƒ°p-≠m-bn-Øo-cp-sa-∂p-X-s∂-bmWv hnip-≤- Jp¿-Bs‚

]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ kq£va-cq-]-Ønepw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Xncp-sam-

gn-Iƒ hy‡-amb hn[-Ønepw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. Cu

\nebv°p≈ ]cn-lm-c-ambn A√mlp Ahs‚ Hcp hcn-jvT-Zm-

k-\n¬ Bflob htNm-hr„n Cd°n AXp-ap-tJ\ hc-≠p-

t]mb a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-ßsf Pohn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ G¿∏mSv

sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXmWv c≠m-asØ hmIy-Øn¬ ]kvXm-hn-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Npcp-°-Øn¬ Cu Jp¿-B≥ hmIyw \ΩpsS

apºn¬ ]e kXy-X-Øz-ßfpw sh®p-X-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. H∂v, hnip

≤ -Jp¿-B≥ Cdßn \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ Ign-bp-tºmƒ apkvenwIƒ

Ckvem-an¬\n∂v AI∂v blq-Zn- \-km-dm-°ƒ°v Xpey-cm-bn-

Øo-cpw. c≠v, B Ah-k-c-Øn¬ A√mlp Ahs‚ k\m-X\

\nb-a-a-\p-k-cn-®v, hr„n-ap-tJ\ hc-≠- `q-ansb Pohn-∏n-°p-∂-

Xp-t]m-se, Ah≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ Hcp ‡-Zm-k-\n¬ Znhy-


h-N-\-am-Ip∂ Pohm-[m-cPesØ Cd°n \n¿Po-hm-h-ÿsb

]m]n® a\p-jym-flm-°sf Pohn∏n°p∂Xn-∂p≈ G¿∏m-Sp-

sN-øpw. aq∂v, Aßs\ Ah≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ B Zmk≥

Xncp-\-_n-bpsS injy\pw DΩ-Ønbpw Bb Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°pw.

Fs¥-∂m¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ Cu \nbaw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv

Xncp-\-_n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fn-em-sW-∂mWv ta¬ Bb-

Øn¬ kqNn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cßs\ ]d-™-Xn-\p-tijw

A√mlp ]d-bp-∂Xv _p≤n-sIm≠v Nn¥n®p a\- n-em-°m≥th-

≠n-bmWv Cu Zr„m-¥-ßƒ Ah≥ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂-

sX. Cu Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-ß-fn¬ Nn¥n-°p-∂-]-£w, A√mlp

]d-™-Xp-t]mse apkvenw-I-fpsS C∂sØ \ne-tbbpw A√m-

lp-hns‚ k\m-X-\-amb \nb-a-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-tØbpw a\-

n-em-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

]hm-N-I-∑msc \ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-t\bpw Ah¿°v shfn-]mSv

\¬Ip-∂-Xn-t\bpw ag-tbm-Sp-]-an-®p-sIm≠v Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]te-

SØpw ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n- p-≠v. B \nb-asØ Ipdn-®p-X-s∂-

bmWv ChnsS hy‡-amb cq]-Øn¬, Ah-km-\-Im-e apkvenw-

I-fnepw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. BI-

bm¬, Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw A√mlp Bflo-b-hr„n Xs‚

Hcp Zmk-\n¬ Cd°n AXp-ap-tJ\ \n¿Po-h-amb lrZ-b-ßsf

Pohn-∏n-°p-I-bn√ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv AYhm B ]hm-N-I-h-

cy-\p-tijw \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-

Øn¬s]´ Hcmƒ°p-t]mepw A√mlp \¬Ip-I-bn√ F∂p- I-

cpXp∂Xv Hcn-°epw Jp¿-Bs‚ A[ym-]-\-Øn\p A\p-tbm-

Py-a√ F∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p.


]¥≠v

hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬ lZvdØv C_mlow \_n-s\-°p-

dn®v A√mlp Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:

""Hm¿°pI! C_m-lo-ans\ At±-l-Øns‚ d∫v Nne hN-

\-ßƒap-tJ\ ]co-£n®p. At±lw Ah ]q¿Øn-bm-°n.

Ah≥ ]d™p: \n›-b-ambpw Rm≥ \ns∂ a\p-jy¿°p-

th≠n Camw (t\-Xm-hv) B°p-∂-Xm-Wv. At±lw ]d™p:

Fs‚ k¥-Xn-I-fn¬\n∂pw (B-t°-W-ta). Ah≥ ]d™p:

Fs‚ DS-º-Snsb AI-an-Iƒ ]m]n-°p-∂-X√'' (2:125)

A√mlp \S-Ønb Hcp ]co-£-bn¬ C_m-low- \-_nhnPbn-bm-b-t∏mƒ At±-l-tØmSv A√mlp ]d-™Xv Rm≥

\ns∂ a\p-jy¿°p- th≠n Camw (t\-Xm-hv) B°pw F∂m-

Wv. Camw F∂ ]Zw \_n°pw \_n A√m-Ø-h¿°pw D]-

tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-Xm-sW-¶nepw ChnsS AXns‚ hnh£

\_n F∂m-sW-∂Xp hy‡-amWv. Fs¥-∂m¬ C_m-low-

\_nsb A√mlp \_n-bmb Camw B°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv.

Cßs\ A√mlp At±-lsØ A\p-K-ln-®-t∏mƒ, Xs‚

k¥m-\-]-c-º-c-bnepw B A\p-Klw \evI-Wta F∂v

At±lw A√m-lp-hn-t\m-S-t]-£n-®p. AXn-∂p-Ø-c-ambn

A√mlp ]d-™Xv C_m-low- \-_n-bpsS k¥m-\-]-c-º-c-bn¬

AI-an-Ifpw tZmln-Ifpw Bbh¿°v Cu A\p-Klw e`n-°p-

I-bn-s√-∂m-Wv. CXn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv C_m-low- \-

_n-bpsS k¥m-\-]-c-º-c-bn¬ AI-an-Ifpw tZmln-Ifpw Bb-

h-cpsS CS-bn¬ A√mlp \_n-amsc \ntbm-Kn-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw

Aßs\ A√m-Ø-h-cn¬ amXta Cu A\p-K-l-Øn\p ]mXo-


-hn-®-h¿ D≠m-Ip-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw BW-t√m. Cu hmKvZm-\-a-

\p-k-cn®v At±-l-Øns‚ k¥m-\- ]-c-º-c-bn¬ \p_p-∆-Øm-

Ip∂ A\p-Klw Ah≥ \evIn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Cu kwKXn Jp¿-B-\n¬ as‰m-cn-SØp C]-Imcw hy‡-am-°n-

Ø-∂n-cn-°p∂p:

""\mw At±-l-Øns‚ k¥m-\- ]-c-º-c-bn¬ \p_p-∆Øv

\evIn' (29:28)

C_m-low-\-_ns‚ k¥m-\-]-c-º-c-bpsS ][m-\-`mKw

c≠m-bn-cp-∂p. H∂v Ckm-bo-eycpw c≠v Ckvam-bo-ey-cpw. blq-

Zn-\-km-dm-°ƒ Ckm-bo¬ k¥-Xn-I-fpsS XpS¿®-°m-cm-Wv.

apkvenwIƒ Ckvam-bo-ey-cp-tS-bpw. Cukm-\-_n hsc Ckm-

bo-ey-cn¬ ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ h∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ At±-

l-Øn-\p-tijw c≠m-bn-cw- sIm√w Ign-™n´pw blq-Zn-I-fntem

\km-Wn-I-fntem Hcp \_nbpw h∂n-√. blq-Zn-Iƒ Cukm -\-

_nsb I≈-hm-Zn-sb∂p hn[n-°p-Ibpw ISp-Ø-\n-e-bn¬ tZmln-

°p-I-bp-ap-≠m-bn. Fs‚ DS-ºSn AI-an-Iƒ°p ]m]y-am-Ip-∂-

X√ F∂ ssZh-hn-[n-b-\p-k-cn®v Ah¿ \p_p-∆-Øns‚ A\p-

K-l-Øn¬ \n∂p AI-‰-s∏- p. InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Cukm- \-_nsb ssZh-am-°p-Ibpw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\nsb \ncm-I-cn-°pIbpw

sNbvXp-sIm≠v AtX-hn-[n°v ]mXo- q-X-cm-bn-Øo-cp-I-bm¬

Ahcpw B A\p-K-l-Øn¬\n∂p Zqc-Øm-bn. C_m-low-\-

_n-bv°p-tijw Hcp \o≠-Imew Ign-™-Xn¬]ns∂ At±-l-

Øns‚ k¥m-\-amb Ckvam-bo-ens‚ hwi-]-c-º-csb \p_p-∆-

Øns‚ AXyp¬Ir„ ÿm\w-sIm≠v A√mlp A\p-K-ln-

®p. Aßs\ Xncp-\-_n \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ \t`m-a-fi-e-

Ønse kqcy-\mbn DZbw sNbvXp. Cukm-\-_n-°p-tijw

C_mlow \_n-bpsS k¥m-\-ß-fmb Ckm-bo¬ hwi-]-c-

º-c-bn¬s]´ blq-Zn-\-km-dm-°-fn¬ \p_p-∆-Øns‚ A\p-Klw

Ah-km-\n-®p-t]m-b-Xp- t]mse \_n- Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p- tijw

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬108Ckvam-bo¬ hwi-]-c-º-c-bn¬s]´ apkvenw-I-fnepw B A\p-

Klw Ah-km-\n-®p-t]m-sb-∂m-sW-¶n¬, "Fs‚ DS-ºSn AI-

an-Iƒ°p _m[-I-am-Ip-∂-X√' F∂v A√mlp C_m-low-\-

_nsb Adn-bn-®-Xpt]mse apkvenw- k-ap-Zm-b-am-I-am\w \p_p-

∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-K-l-Øn\p A\¿l-cm-bn-°p-amdv AI-an-Ifpw

tZmln-I-fp-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-´p-s≠∂v kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cpw.

Aßs\ Icp-Xm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-s√∂pw ap-kvenw DΩØv ssZh-

Zr-„n-bn¬ A\p-K-l-Øn\p A¿l-cm-bn-Ø-s∂-bn-cn-°p∂p

F∂p-am-sW-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw "Fs‚ k¥m-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

\o \_n-amsc \n›-bn-t°-Wta' F∂ C_mlow \_n-bpsS tX -a-\p-k-cn®v apkvenw-I-fnepw A√mlp B A\p-Klw

XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. \_n-am¿ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-

sa∂ A\p-K-l-hm-KvZm\w AI-an-I-fmb k¥m-\ßfn¬

\ndthdpI-bn-s√∂ B im]w apkven-w DΩØn\v _m[-I-am-

Im≥ Hcn-°epw \nhr-Øn-bn-√-t√m. Npcp-°-Øn¬, lZvdØv

C_m-low- \-_n-bpsS Bflo-bhpw imco-cn-I-hp-amb bYm

¿Y k¥m-\-ß-fm-bn-cn-°p∂ apkvenwI-fn¬ Hcp \_nbpw hcn-

I-bn-s√∂p ]d-bp-∂-]£w Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ Zr„n-bn¬

AI-an-Ifpw tZmln-I-fp-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw X∂n-anØw

\_n-Xz-]-Z-hn-°¿l-cm-I-bn-s√∂ im]-Øn∂p ]mXo- -hn-®n-cn-

°p-∂p-sh∂pw kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. Aßs\ kΩ-Xn-°m-h-X-

s√-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw \_n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ \p_p-∆Øv

]Zhn e`n-®-h¿ D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-

\n-°p-tijw B¿°pw A√mlp \p_p-∆Øv \¬Ip-I-bn-s√∂p

]d-bp-∂Xv taep-≤-cn® Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-Øn¬\n∂p a\- n-em-

Ip∂ kn≤m-¥-Øn\p \nc-°m-ØXpw apkvenwIƒ BI-am\w

AI-an-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]-Øn\pw im]-

Øn\pw Cc-bm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-s≠∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xn\p

Xpey-hpam-Wv.


]Xnaq∂v

hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬ A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

""]d-bp-I, \nßƒ F¥v ]d-bp∂p? Ct±lw A√m-lp-hn¬\n-

∂p≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw \nßƒ Ct±lsØ \ntj-[n-

°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-bm¬ (A-Xns‚ ew F¥m-bn-cn-°pw)?

Ckm-bo-ey-cn¬\n-∂p≈ Hcp km£n Xs∂-t∏m-se-bp≈

Hcm-fpsS (B-hn¿`m-h-sØ-°p-dn-®p) km£n ]d-™p.

Aßs\ At±lw hniz-kn-®p. \nßtfm Al-¶-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. \n›-b-ambpw AI-an-Iƒ°v A√mlp t\¿am¿§w

ImWn-°p-I-bn√'' (46:11)

Xs∂-t∏m-se-bp≈ Hcp ]hm-N-Is\ Ckm-bo-ey-cpsS ktlm-

Z-cn¬\n∂p A√mlp \ntbm-Kn-®-b°p-sa∂v aqkm- \-_n ]

h-Nn-®n- p-≠m-bn-cp∂p (B-h¿Ø-\w, 18:18). B ]h-N-\sØ Ipdn-

®mWv ta¬ Jp¿-B≥ Bb-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

At∏mƒ ChnsS "imlnZv' F∂p ]d-™Xv aqkm -\-_n-sb-

°p-dn-®m-Wv. Xs∂-t∏m-ep≈ Hcp ]hm-N-I≥ hcp-sa∂v ]h-

Nn-®Xp At±lw Xs∂-bm-W-t√m, Cßs\ aqkm -\-_n Xn

cp-\-_n-sb-°p-dn®v ]h-N\w sNbvXn-cp-∂n´pw Cu ]h-N\w

Dƒs°m-≈p∂ ss__n-fns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-sf-∂-h-Im-i-s∏-

Sp∂ blq-Zn-∂-kmdm-°ƒ B Znhym-flm-hns\ hniz-kn-°p-∂-

Xn∂p ]Icw Al-¶m-cn-I-fmbn Na-™p-sIm≠v Xßƒs°mcp

\_nbpw th≠m F∂p-]-d™p B kXym-flm-hns\ \ntj-

[n-®p-I-f-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv.

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬110Cßs\ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v apºv B Znhym-flm-hn-s\-°p-

dn®v km£yw- ]-d-bp∂ Hcmƒ Bhn¿`-hn-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-

sh∂pw B km£n Hcp \_n-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Jp¿-B≥

a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-Xs∂ B Znhym-flm-hn-\p-tijw

A√m-lp-hn¬ \n-∂p≈ Hcp km£n At±-l-sØ-°p-dn®

km£yw -]-d-bp-∂-Xn-∂p- th≠n BK-X-\m-Ip-sa∂pw B hnip-

≤ -KŸw ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. t\m°p-I.

""(H-cmƒ) Xs‚ ssZh-Øn-¶¬\n∂v hy‡-amb sXfn-hn-t∑¬

Bbn-cn-°p-Ibpw Ah-\n¬\n-∂p≈ Hcp km£n At±-

lsØ ]n¥p-S¿∂p-h-cn-Ibpw At±-l-Øn-∂p-apºv Camapw

dlvaØpw Bbn aqkm-bpsS KŸ-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bpw- sN-

øsh (A-bmƒ) I≈-hm-Zn-bm-Iptam'' (11:18)

Cu Bb-Øn¬ \_n- Xn-cp-ta-\n kXy-hm-Zn-bm-sW-∂-Xn-

te°v h¿Ø-am-\w, `qXw, `mhn F∂o aq∂p Ime-ß-fn-ep≈

km£y-ß-sf-bmWv A√mlp \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv, "Xs‚ \mY-

¶¬\n-∂p≈ hy‡-amb Zr„m-¥-Øn-t∑¬' F∂p ]d-™p-

sIm≠v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ X-s∂-bp≈ Hcp

Zr„m-¥-sØ-bmWv A√mlp FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXm-

bXv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS Pohn-Xhpw ]hr-Øn-Ifpw B alm-

flm-hn\p ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _‘hpw F√mw At±lw Hcp kXy-

Zq-X-\m-sW-∂v sX-fnbn°p∂p-≠v. Xncp-\-_n°v apºv Camapw

dlvaØpw Bb aqkm-\-_n-bpsS KŸw At±lw kXy-hm-Zn-

bm-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p∂ Hcp qX-Ime km£y-a-sX. B KŸ-

Øn¬ Xncp-\-_n-sb-°p-dn®v H∂n-e-[nIw ÿe-ß-fn¬ ]h-

N-\-ß-fp-≠v. Xncp-\-_n kXy-hm-Zn-bm-sW∂p mhn-Im-eØp

sXfn-bn-°p∂ as‰m-cmƒ A√m-lp-hn¬ \n-∂p≈ Hcp km£n-


bmbn B ]pWym-flm-hns\ ]n¥p-S-cp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw A√mlp

Cu Bb-Øn¬ Xs∂ ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS kXysØ°p-dn®v ]h-Nn® aqkm-\-

_n-sb-∏‰n Xncp-ta-\n-°p-th≠n km£yw-\-evIp∂ Bfm-sW-

∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ Cu

c≠m-asØ hmIy-Øn¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw B kXym-

flm-hn-s\-°pdn-®v km£yw ]dbp∂ Hcmƒ A√m-lp-hn-

¶¬\n∂v ]Xy-£-\m-Ip-sa∂p ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Xncp-\-

_n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-sf√mw ]tXy-In®v k¬]p-cp-j-∑mcpw

]pWym-flm-°-fp-amb apkvenw-Iƒ Xncp-ta-\n-°p-th≠n km£yw

]d-bp-∂-h¿ Xs∂-bm-sW-¶nepw A√m-lp-hn¬ \n-∂p≈

km£n-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ Hcp ]tXyI hy‡n-sb-°p-dn-®mWv

ChnsS khnti-j-\n-e-bn¬ ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v ImWm

≥ ]bm-k-an-√. BI-bm¬, B Bƒ A√mlp \ntbm-Kn-®-b-

°p∂ hy‡nbpw AtX-k-a-b-Øp-Xs∂ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS

kXy-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp khn-tij km£yw \evIp∂ Hcmfpw

Bbn-cn-°p-sa-∂mWv BbØv a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. At±-l-

sØ-t∏m-ep≈ km£yw ]d-bp∂ Hcmƒ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS

DΩ-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-cn--°p-I-bn√. B \ne-bv°v, At±lw ]kvXm-

h-tbm-Ky-\mb Hcp km£n- X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. B

km£n \p_p-∆Øv ]Z-hn-sIm≠v A\p-K-lo-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa-

∂mWv Bb-Øn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. At±lw A√m-lp-

hn¬\n-∂p≈ km£n-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂pw, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n°v

aqkm-\_n km£yw ]d-™-Xp-t]mse km£yw -\-evIp∂

Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw Jp¿-B≥ ]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≈-Xn¬\n∂pw

CXp hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. BI-bm¬, ChnsS Xncp-\-_nsb A\p-

k-cn-°p∂ Hcp km£n Xncp-ta-\n-bv°p-tijw hcp-sa∂v ]d-

™Xv Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬\n∂v BK-X-\m-Ip∂ Hcp ]hm-

N-I-s\-°p-dn-®m-sW∂v a\- n-em-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

akolv_v\p a¿bw Ah-X-cn-°p-sa∂v Xncp-\-_n ssZh-\m-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬112a-Øn¬ BW-bn- p-sIm≠v ]h-Nn-®-Xpw, At±lw \_nbpw

apkvenw-Iƒ°v Ah-cn¬ \n-∂p≈ Camapw Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂pw

Rm\m-Zyhpw akolv Ah-km-\-Øn-epap≈ Hcp kap-Zmbw \in-

°p-I-bn√ F∂pw, Fs‚ kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ tijvT- mKw BZy-

tØtXm Ah-km-\-tØtXm F∂p ]d-bm-h-X√; BZy-Øn¬

Rm\pw Ah-km-\-Øn¬ akolpw BWv' F∂pw a‰pw Xncp-

\-_n Acp-fn-bn- p-≈Xpw ta¬Jp¿B≥ hmIy-Øns‚ hym

Jym\w Xs∂-bm-Wv.


]Xn-\mev

as‰m-cn-SØv A√mlp C]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p:

""Hm¿°p-I, A√mlp ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcmSp DS-ºSn hmßn:

Rm≥ \nßƒ°v KŸhpw ⁄m\hpw \evIn-bn-cn°p∂p.

]ns∂, \nß-fpsS ]°-ep-≈-Xns\ kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Hcp

ZqX≥ \nß-fp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ hcp-∂-Xm-bm¬ \nßƒ \n›-b-

ambpw At±-lsØ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw klm-bn-°p-Ibpw

sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. Ah≥ (A√mlp) ]d™p: \nßƒ kΩ-

Xn-°p-Ibpw AXp kw_-‘n®v Rm≥ Gev]n® NpaXe

Itø¬°p-Ibpw sNbvXpthm? Ah¿ ]d™p: Rßƒ

kΩ-Xn-®p. Ah≥ (A-√m-lp) ]d™p: \nßƒ km£yw

hln-°p-hn≥. \nß-tfm-Sp-IqsS Rm\pw Hcp km£n-bmWv''

(3:82)

Cu Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-Øn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv apºp-

I-gn-™p-t]mb ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcmSv A√mlp Hcp ]Xn⁄

hmßn-bn- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, Ah¿°v KŸhpw

⁄m\hpw A√mlp \¬In-bn- p-s≠-¶nepw Ahsb kXy-s∏-

Sp-Øp∂ Hcp ]hm-N-I≥ ]n∂oSv hcp-∂-Xm-bm¬, Ah¿ B

]hm-N-Is\ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬114XmWv F∂v. "Xß-fpsS Iøn¬ KŸhpw ⁄m\hpw D≈-Xp-

sIm≠v ]n∂oSv hcp∂ ]hm-N-I-∑msc hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw klm-

bn-°p-Ibpw sNø-≠Xn√ F∂v Bcpw-Xs∂ [cn-®p-t]m-I-cp-Xv.

A√mlp ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcmSv Cßs\ Hcp DS-ºSn hmßn-bn- p-

≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw B ]hm-N-I-∑m¿

apJm-¥cw Ah-cpsS P\-X-tbmSv Hcp DS-ºSn hmßn-bn- p-s≠-

∂m-bn-cn-°mt\ Xc-ap-≈q. Fs¥-∂m¬, ]n∂oSv hcp∂ ]hm-

N-I-s‚ Bhn¿`m-h-Im-eØv an°-hmdpw apºp-h∂ ]hm-NI∑m-

c√ AhcpsS P\-X-I-fmWv tijn®n-cn-°p-I. AXp-sIm≠v B

]n∂o-Sp-h-cp∂ ]hm-N-I-s\ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw At±-l-Øns‚

A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ tN¿∂p-sIm≠v At±-lsØ klm-bn-°p-

Ibpw sNtø-≠Xv B P\-X-bm-Wv. apºp- h∂ ]hm-N-I-∑m¿

A√m-lp-hns‚ B⁄-b-\p-k-cn®v Xß-fpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSv;

]ndsI hcp∂ ]hm-N-Is\ hniz-kn-t°-≠Xv Bhiyams-

W∂pw Ahsc hnizknt°≠Xns√∂ ]ng®- [m-cW Ah¿

°p-≠m-IcpsX∂pw D¬t_m-[n-∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-´p-s≠∂v

CXn¬\n∂p hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.

blq-Zn-\-km-dm-°-sf- Ip-dn-®p≈ hrØm-¥-ßsf XpS¿∂p-sIm-

≠mWv Jp¿-B≥ ta¬]-Imcw ]d-™-sX-∂n-cp-∂-mepw, s]mXp-

\n-e-bn-emWv DS-º-Sn-sb-°p-dn®v ]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≈-sX∂v a\ n-

em-°mw. F∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠v F√m Hmtcm ]hm-N-I-

t\mSpw DS-ºSn hmßnb-n´p-s≠∂v A¿Yw Iev]nt® Xocq

F∂n√. ][m\ ]-Nm-N-I-∑m-tcm-Sm-bmepw -]hm-N-I∑mtcmSp

DS-ºSn hmßn-bn- p-s≠∂v ]d-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu A¿Y-Øn¬

"\_n-øo≥ F∂ ]Zw Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]bp-‡-am-bn- p-≠v.

ta¬ Bb-Øn¬ ""]ns∂ -\nßfpsS -A-Sp-

°¬ Hcp dkq¬ h∂psh-¶n¬'' F∂sX ]d-™n- p-≈-Xv. Hcp

]tXyI dkq-en-s\-°p-dn-®√ ChnsS Dt±-in-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-

sX∂v B ]Z-]-tbm-Kw -Xs∂ a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp∂p-≠v. BI-

bm¬ Cu Bb-Øns‚ H∂m-asØ hnh-£, Hcp dkq¬ aptJ\


B dkqens‚ P\Øn\p ]n∂oSv hcp∂ dkq-ens‚ Bhn¿`m-

h-sØ-°p-dn®v A√mlp ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬In-bn- p-s≠-¶n¬, B

dkq¬ h∂m¬, At±-lsØ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw klm-bn°p--

Ibpw th≠Xv B P\-X-bpsS IS-a-bm-sW-∂m-Ip-∂p. AXn-

∂m-bn- p Xs∂-bm-Wt√m Hcp dkq¬ ap-tJ\ tijw- h-cp∂

as‰mcp dkq-en-s\-°pd-n®v ap∂-dnhv \¬Ip-∂-Xv. Aßs\ Hcp

\_n-sb kXy-h-mZn-bmbn kzoIcn®v P\w as‰mcp \_n-sb-°p-

dn-®p≈ B dkq-ens‚ ]h-N-\-Øns‚ kXy-X-bnepw kpZr-V-

ambn hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]h-N-\-]-Imcw ]n∂oSv ]Xy-£-\m-

Ip∂ ]hm-N-Is\ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v G‰p-]-d-bp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. CXp-X-s∂-bmWv bYm¿Y-Øn¬ DS-º-Sn.

ta¬ Bb-Øn¬ ""]ns∂ \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ Hcp dkq¬

h∂p F¶n¬'' F∂p ]d-™n- p-≈-Xns‚ Xmev]cyw Xncp-\-

_n-- BsW-∂-XsX s]mXpsh Jp¿-B≥ `mjy-Im-c-∑m¿

]d-™n- p-≈-Xv. Ad-_n- mjm \nb-a-]-Imcw Nne-t∏mƒ Hcm-

fpsS ÿm\-am-lmflysØ Ipdn-°m≥th≠n B Bsf-∏‰n

]tXy-I-\maw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw s]mXp-\maw D]-tbm-

Kn-°m-dp-≠v. AX-\p-k-cn-®v, ChnsS ""Hcp dkq¬ hcp-∂-Xm-I-

bm¬'' F∂p s]mXp-\n-e-bn¬ ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n-

epw, AXns‚ hnh£ Xncp-\-_n- BsW-∂mWv Ah¿ ]d-

bp-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ ta¬- B-b-Øns‚ A¿Yw ap≥I-gn™ ]hm-

N-I-∑m¿ aptJ\ A√mlp Ah-cpsS P\-X-I-tfmSv Xncp-\-_n-

sb-°p-dn®v Hcp DS-ºSn hmßn-bn- p-≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂m-bn. AXm-

b-Xv, Xncp-\-_n h∂m¬, B P\-X-Iƒ Xß-fpsS ssIbn¬

KŸ-ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠v Xßƒ°p as‰mcp ]hm-N-Is\ hniz-

kn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-s√∂p [cn®p Xncp-ta-\nsb \ntj-[n-®p-

I-f-b-cp-sX∂pw B Znhy-flmhv Ah-cpsS KŸ-ß-fn-ep≈ ]h-

N-\-ß-tfbpw kXy-kn-≤m-¥-ß-tfbpw kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp∂-Xn\pw

km£o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw th≠n-bp≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬

Xncp-\-_nsb hniz-kn-t°-≠Xv Ah-cpsS Npa-X-e-bm-sW∂pw

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬116Jp¿-B≥ Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°-pIbm-Wv. aqkm CukmapX-emb ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ sNbvX ]h-N-\-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v Xudm-

Øv, C©o¬ apX-emb KŸ-ß-fn-ep≈ kXy-kn-≤m-¥-ßsf

kXy-s∏-Sp-Ønb Xncp-\-_nsb blq-Zn-\-km-dm-°ƒ, Xßƒs°m-

cmsfbpw Bh-iy-an-s√∂pw Xß-fpsS ]°¬ Znhy-K-Ÿ-ß-fp-

s≠∂pw ]d-™p-sIm≠v \ntj-[n-®p-I-f-bp-I-bm-Wt√m sNbvX-

Xv. Aßs\ Ah¿ \ntj-[n-®-t∏mƒ Xß-fpsS ]hm-N-I-∑m-

cn¬ hniz-kn-°sh Ah¿ sNbvXn- p≈ DS-º-Snsb ewLn-°p-

I-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v Ah¿ Nn¥n-°p-I-bp≠mbn-√.

taep-≤-cn® Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-Øn¬ Xncp-\-_n°p apºp h∂

]hm-N-I-∑m-tcmSv A√mlp hmßnb DS-º-Sn-sb-°p-dn-®m-Wt√m

]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CtX-]-Imcw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-tbmSpw

A√mlp C]-Im-c-ap≈ DS-ºSn hmßn-bn- p-s≠∂v Jp¿-B≥

]d-™p-X-cp-∂pt≠m F∂mWv \man\n t\mt°-≠-Xv. Ds≠-

¶n¬ B ]nd-sI-h-cp∂ \_n-sb, hnti-jn-®pw At±-lw Xncp-

\-_n-bpsS \ym-b-]-am-WsØ hc-hÆw kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw,

km£o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøm-\p≈ BsW-∂p -h-cp-tºmƒ hniz-

k-n-t°≠Xpw At±-lsØ klm-bn-t°-≠Xpw Xncp-\-_n-bn¬

hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°p \n¿_-‘-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. A-√mlp Jp¿-

B-\n¬ as‰m-cn-SØp ]d-bp-I-bmWv:

""Hm¿°p-I, \mw ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcmSv Ah-cpsS DS-ºSn hmßn;

\nt∂mSpw, \qlv, C_m-low, aqkm, Cuk_v\p a¿bw

F∂n-h-tcmSpw \mw Dd® ]Xn⁄ hmßn'' (33:8)

Cu hmIy-Øn¬ ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcmSv ]Xn⁄ hmßn-sb-∂p≈

s]mXp-]-kvXm-h-\-°p-tijw A©p ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcmSp DS-

ºSn hmßn-b-Xn-s\-∏‰n ]tXy-I- \n-e-bn¬ FSp-Øp-]-d-™n-cn-


°p-I-bm-Wv. CXn¬ Xncp-\-_n-tbmSp hmßn-bn- p≈ DS-º-Sn-

sb-°p-dn-®mWv H∂m-a-Xm-bn-Øs∂ ]d-™n- p-≈Xpw! ]hm-N-

I-∑m-tcmSp s]mXp-hmbpw \mep ][m\ ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcmSp ]

tXy-In®pw hmßn-b-Xmbn ]d-bp∂ DS-ºSn GsXm-∂ns\ Ipdn-

®mtWm AXns\ kw-_-‘n-®-Xp- X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°Ww Xncp-

\_n-tbmSp hmßnb DS-º-Sn-bpw. a‰p ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcmSp hm

ßnb DS-ºSn Ah¿°p tijw hcp∂ ]-hm-N-Is\ Ah-cpsS

P\X kzoI-cn-t°-≠-XmWv F∂m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AtX-t]m-

ep≈ DS-º-Sn- X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°Ww Xncp-\-_n- ap-tJ\ Xncp-

\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øn¬ \n∂pw hmßn-bn-´p-≠m-bnc-n-°p-I.

At∏mƒ, Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw \_n hcp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw B

\_nsb kzoI-cn-t°-≠Xv Xncp-\-_n-bpsS DΩ-Øns‚ [¿Ω-

am-sW∂pw sXfn-bp-∂p. Npcp-°Øn¬ A√mlp sNbvX DS-º-

Sn-sb-°p-dn®p ]kvXm-hn® ta¬ c≠v Bb-Øp-Iƒ A¿Y-h-

Øm-bn-Øo-c-W-sa-¶n¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-tbmSp hmßnb DS-

º-Sn-b-\p-k-cn®v Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw hcp∂ ]hm-N-I-t\bpw

hniz-kn-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p.

a‰p ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcmSv hmß-nb DS-ºSn Ah¿°p-tijw

hcp∂ ]hm-N-Is\ hniz-kn-°-W-sa-∂-Xm-sW∂pw F∂m¬,

Xncp-\-_n-tbmSp hmßn-bn- p-≈-Xm-I-s´. B Znhym-flm-hn-\p-

tijw Hcp \_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√-∂-Xm-sW∂pw Bsc-¶nepw

]d-bp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AXv tIhew \nc¿Y-I-am-sW-∂Xp hy‡-

am-Wv. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ CtX kwKXn InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°pw

blq-Zn-Iƒ°psa√mw F¥p-sIm≠v ]d-™p-IqSm? a‰p ]hm

NI∑mtcmSp hmßnb DS-ºSn F¥m-bn-cp-∂pthm AtX ]Im-

c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp-S-º-Sn-bmWv Xncp-\-_n-bn¬ \n∂p hmßn-bn- p-

≈-sX-∂mWv ta¬ Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-Øn¬ \n∂p kv]„-ambn

a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. BI-bm¬, Xncp-\-_n-bn¬ \n∂p

hmßnb Icmdv C\n-sbmcp \_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√-∂-Xm-sW∂v

]d-bp-∂Xv ]kvXpX ssZh-hm-Iy-Øns‚ Xmev]-cy-Øn\v IS-

I-hn-cp-≤-amb Hc- yqlw amX-am-Wv.

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬118C\n \mw t\mt°-≠Xv Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSp A√mlp C]-Imcw

Hcp DS-ºSn hmßn-bn- pt≠m F∂m-Wv. hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬

A√mlp ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX√mw H∂m-a-Xm-bn-Øs∂ Xncp-

\-_n-tbm-Sm-W-t√m. Xncp-\-_n aptJ\ B ]pWym-flm-

hns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-tfm-Spw. hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬ Ht∂m ct≠m

\mtem ÿe-ß-fn-e√ AXn-e-[nIw ÿe-ß-fn¬ Xncp-\-_n°ptijw ]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS Bhn¿`mhw \ne-®p-t]m-bn- n-s√∂v

hy‡-am-s∏- n- p-≠v. Aßs\ Bhn¿ -hn-°p∂ ]hm-N-I-∑m¿

Xncp-\-_n-bpsS A\-pbm-bn-I-fn¬ \n∂p-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-

sa∂pw Jp¿-B≥ hy‡am°nØ-cp∂p. B Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-

ßƒ Rm≥ D≤-cn-®p-I-gn-™n- p-≠v. B Hmtcm BbØpw \_n-

Xn-cp-ta-\n aptJ\ A√mlp hmßn-bn- p-≈-Xmbn Jp¿-B≥

33:8¬ ]d™ B DS-º-Sn-sb- X-s∂-bmWv Nq≠n-°m- p-∂-Xv.

AXn-∂p-]p-d-sa, ako-lns‚ Bhn¿`m-h-sØ-°p-d-n®v A√m-lp-

hns‚ t]cn¬ BW-bn- p-sIm≠v ]e-cq-]-Ønepw Xncp-\-_n-

]h-Nn-®n- p-≠-t√m. B ]h-N-\-ßƒ Jp¿-Bs‚ kq£va-cq-]-

Øn-ep≈ ]kvXm-h-\-bpsS hymJym\w Xs∂-bm-Wv. Cßs\

Jp¿-B≥ aptJ-\bpw kz¥w Xncp-samgnIƒ aptJ-\bpw X\n-

°p-tijw ]hm-N-I≥ hcp-sa∂v ]h-Nn°-p-Ibpw Hcmsf-∏‰n

]tXyIw Du∂n∏dbp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v B DS-º-Sn-sb-

°p-dn®v Xncp-\-_n Xs∂ hy‡-am-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-I-bp-a-mWv.

BI-bm¬, Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw Xß-fpsS ]°-ep-≈-Xns\

\ymbo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp \_n

bpw hcn-I-bn-s√∂pw Xß-fpsS ]°¬ ]cn-]q¿W \ym-b-]-am-

W-K-Ÿ-ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠v Hcmfpw htc≠ Bh-iy-an-s√∂pw ]d-

bp-∂Xv taep-≤-cn® c≠v J¿-B≥ hm-Iy-ß-fpsS shfn®Øn¬

XnI®pw sX‰m-sW∂v kq£va-ambn Nn¥n-°p∂ B¿°pw

\njv]-bmkw a\- n-em-°mw.


]Xn-\©v

C\n \ap°v Alva-Zn-I-fpsS hnizmkw sX‰m-sW∂v hcp-Øm-

\mbn FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ FSp-Øp-Im- m-dp≈ tcJ-sb-°p-dn®v AXm-

b-Xv, "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂ B-bØn-s\-°p-dn®v ]cn-Nn-

¥\w sNømw. ]kvXpX Bb-Øv, Xncp-\-_n-°p-tijw \_n-

h-cp-sa-∂-Xn-te°v ]_-e-amb Hcp ]am-W-am-bn- mWv Rßƒ

D-∂bn-°p-∂-Xv. BbØv C]-Im-c-amWv:

""apl-ΩZv \nß-fn¬ \n-∂p≈ Hcp ]pcp-j-s‚bpw ]nXm-

h√; ]t£, At±lw A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX\pw ]hm-N-I-∑m-

cpsS apZbpw BWv. A√mlp F√m Imcyhpw Adn-bp-∂-h-

\-mIp∂p'' (33:41)

CXp Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-Øns‚ A\p-]-Z-amb A¿Y-am-Wv. CXn¬

B¿°pw- Xs∂ A`n-]m-b-Ø¿°-ap-≠m-Im≥ Xc-an-√. "JmØw'

F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ A¿Yw apZ F∂m-sW∂v Ad-_n- `m-j-bp-

ambn Aev]-sa¶nepw _‘-ap-≈-h-tcmSv ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. Ad-

_n- m-j-bn¬ tamXn-c-Øn\pw "JmØw' F∂p ]d-bm-dp-≠v. tamXn-

c-Øns‚ ]oT-Øn-t∑¬ A£-c-ßƒ sImØn®p AXp apZ-

bm°n D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≈-Xn-\m-emWv tamXn-c-Øn\v Cu t]¿

h∂-Xv.

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n cmPm-°-∑m¿°pw a‰pw Ahsc Ckvem-an-

te°p £Wn-®p-sIm≠v IsØ-gp-Xm-\p-t±-in-®-t∏mƒ injy-cn¬

Nne¿ Xncpt-a-\n-tbm-Sp ]d™p:

]ÞùãÜŸmÏf×çáÒj^h]ŸùÂ×näì^iÜÊ^iùí‚]Ößùfo"#


ìîÛ÷^ÚàÊ–èÞÏäÚvÛù‚…ù‰çÙ]Ö×ùä""Ah¿ IØp kzoI-cn-°n-√. AXn-t∑¬ apZ-bn-s√-¶n¬.

Aßs\ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n sh≈n-sIm≠p Hcp tamXncw D≠m-

°n. AXn-t∑¬ "apl-Ω-Zp¿dkq-ep-√mln' F∂p sImØn®p'

(_p-Jm-cn).

"JmØw' F∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw apZ F∂m-sW∂pw F∂m¬

tamXn-cw-- sIm≠p apZ-sh-°m-dp-≈-Xn\m¬ tamXn-c-Øn\pw

JmØw F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-∂p-ap≈ kwKXn klolv

_pJm-cn-bnepw klolv apkvenanepw h∂n- p≈ \nc-h[n lZo-

kp-I-fn¬ \n∂v kwi-b-c-ln-X-ambn a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-

Xm-Wv. amX-a√ Xncp-\_n- bpsS apXp-In¬ ìîÜ]Ößùfçùé (JmX-

ap-∂p-∫p-∆Øv) AYhm "]hm-N-I-Xz- apZ' D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂p

klolp _pJm-cn-bnepw apkven-anepw a‰p lZo-kp-K-Ÿ-ß-

fnepw h∂n- p-≠v. JmØw F-∂Xn\p apZ F∂m-W¿Y-sa-∂-

Xnte°v Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS apXp-In¬ ImW-s∏´ AS-bm-f-Øn-\p

"JmØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆Øv' F∂p ]d-b-s∏- -Xp- Xs∂ aXn-bmb sXfn-

hm-W-t√m. Npcp-°-Øn¬, "JmØw' F∂-Xns‚ icn-bmb A¿Yw

apZ F∂m-Wv. apZ-sh-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ D]-I-c-Wtam apZ-sIm-

≠p≈ AS-bm-ftam F¥m-bmepw icn.

C\n \ap°v t\mt°-≠Xv "JmØw' F∂ Cu ]Zw Hcp kaq-

l- \m-a-]-Z-tØmSp tN¿Øp- ]-d-bp-∂-Xm-bm¬ AXn\v F¥¿Y-

amWv e`n-°p-∂-sX-∂m-Wv. kaq-l-Ønse Ah-km-\sØ

hy‡n F∂m-W¿Y-am-Ip-I-sb∂p Alva-Znøm ]ÿm-\-Øns‚

FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ ]d-bp-Ibpw Aßs\ JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂-

Xn\p ]hm-N-I-∑m-cn¬ Ahkm-\sØ Bƒ F∂m-W¿Y-sa∂p

kn≤m-¥n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

ìîÜ]Ößùfçùé F∂ hm°n\p apZWw sNøpI F∂-Xn\p ]pdsa

Ah-km-\n-∏n-°pI F∂p-IqSn A¿Y-ap-s≠-∂sX Ah¿ hmZn-

°p-∂-Xv. "JmØw' F∂ ]Zw Hcp kaq-l-\m-a-tØmSp tN¿Øp


Hcm-fpsS tijvT-Xsb ImWn-°p-hm≥ ]bp-‡-am-bm¬ B kaq-

l-Ønse Ah-km-\sØ hy‡n F∂-√, tijvT\pw ]cn-

]q¿W\pw F∂m-W¿Yw e`n-°p-I-sb∂v Alva-Zn-Iƒ hmZn-

°p-∂p. Aßs\ A¿Yw e`n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠p Xs∂-bmWv

apkvenw ]fin-X-∑m¿ BZn-Imew apXevs° tijvTXzw Ipdn-

°m≥ JmØap¬ apl-JvJn-Jo≥, JmØ-ap-ip-A-dm, JmØ-ap¬-

Hu-enbm F∂pw a‰pw D]-tbm-Kn-®p-t]m-∂n- p-≈-Xv. "JXvap≥'

F∂ ]Z-Øn\v Ah-km-\n-∏n-°pI F∂ A¿Yw Ds≠-¶n¬

Xs∂ AXv B ]Z-Øns‚ km£m¿Y-a√ Be-¶m-cn-Im¿Yw

amX-am-Wv. B A¿Y-am-Is´ ta¬ Bb-Øn-ep-]-bp-‡-amb ì^iÜF∂ ]Z-Øn\p \¬Im-h-Xp-a-√. JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂-Xns‚

icn-bmb hnh£ ]hm-N-I-∑m-cn¬ Ah-km-\sØ Bƒ

Ft∂m, ]hm-N-I-Xz-Øns‚ F√m DXvIr-„n-X-Ifpw ]q¿Øn-

bmb kap-∂-X\pw k¿∆-ti-jvT-\p-amb ]hm-N-I≥ Ft∂m

GXm-sW∂p \ap-°n\n \njv]-£-amb \ne-bn¬ kXym-t\z-

j-W-_p≤ym Nn¥n-°mw. Aßs\ Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ "A¥y-]-

hm-N-I≥' F∂√ AXns‚ A¿Y-sa∂p a\- n-em-°m≥ ]bm-

k-ap-≠m-I-bn-√.

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n Ah-km-\sØ ]hm-N-I-\m-sW∂pw Xncp-

\-_n-bv°p-tijw Hcp ]hm-N-I\pw hcp-∂-X-s√-∂p-a√ "JØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xns‚ hnh£. AXn-te°v ""sXfn-hmbn H∂m-

a-Xmbn ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv ]hm-N-I-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Jp¿-Bs‚

s]mXp A[ym-]\w JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw

Ah-km-\sØ ]hm-N-I≥ F∂-s√∂p a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂p-

s≠-∂m-Wv. AXn∂p apI-fn¬ \evIn-bn- p≈ Jp¿-B≥ Bb-

Øp-IƒXs∂ aXn-bmb tcJ-bm-W-t√m. Jp¿-B≥ ]e ÿe-

ß-fnepw ]e cq]-Ønepw \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ A\p-Klw Ah≥

\n¿Ø¬ sNbvXn- n-s√∂pw AXp A\p-kyqXw XpS¿∂p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-tºmƒ AXn-s\-Xn-

cmb Hc¿Yw JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ ]Z-Øn\p Hcn-°epw

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬122\¬Im-h-X-√. Aßs\ \¬Ip-tºmƒ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]c-kv]c

sshcp-≤y-ap-s≠-∂mWv ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp-I. c≠m-a-Xmbn D∂-bn-

°m-\p≈ sXfnhv ]kvXpX Bb-Øp- X-s∂-bm-Wv. Xncp-\-_n-

bpsS BZy-Pm-X-\mb Jmknw \ncym-X-\m-b-t∏mƒ a°sØ Nne

Jpssd-jn- ap-Jy-∑m¿ \_n- Xn-cp-ta-\n "A_vX¿' AYhm k

¥m-\ -c-ln-X≥ BsW∂p Bt£-]n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXn\p

adp-]-Sn-bmbn ""\n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ iXp-X-

s∂-bmWv k¥m-\- c-ln-X≥'' F∂p A√mlp ]d™p. (108:4)

CXn¬\n∂p hy‡-am-Ip-∂Xv Xncp-\-_n k¥m-\ -c-ln-X-\-

s√∂pw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS iXp-°-fm-bn-cn°pw \n -¥m-\-cm-bn-

cn-°p-I-sb-∂p-am-W-t√m. CXn-\p-]p-dsa "JmØ-ap-∂n-_n-øo≥'

F∂ hm°pƒs°m-≈p∂ AtX kqd-Øn¬ Xs∂ Xncp-\-_n-

tbbpw hnip-≤- ]-Xv\n-am-tcbpw Ipdn®p C]-Imcw ]kvXm-hn-

°-s∏- n- p-ap-≠v.

""\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Xß-tf-°mfpw ASp-

Ø-bm-f-sX. At±-l-Øns‚ kl-[¿an-Wn-am¿ Ah-cpsS

amXm-°-fpam-Ip∂p'' (33:7)

Xncp-\-_n-bpsS mcy-am¿ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS amXm-°-fm-bn-cn-

°p-tºmƒ Xncp-\-_n hnizm-kn-IfpsS ]nXmhmbn-Øo-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬, "apl-ΩZv \nß-fn¬

Hcp ]pcp-j-s‚bpw ]nXm-h√' F∂p Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-tºmƒ

kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Hcp kwi-b-Øn-\nS\evIp-∂p-≠v. apl-Ω-Zv

\v Hcp ]pcp-j- k-¥m-\hpw Cs√∂p hcp-tºmƒ At±lw

]pX-lo-\-\m-sW∂ iXp-°-fpsS Bt£]w icn-bm-sW∂p

hcp-∂nt√ F∂-XmWm kwi-bw. IqSm-sX, Xncp-\-_n-bpsS

[¿a-]-Xv\n-am¿ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS amXm-°-fmWv F∂ ]kvXm-

h\ At±lw Hcp ]pcp-j-t‚bpw ]nXm-h√ F∂ ]kvXm-h-

\bv°v hn]-co-X-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu kwi-b-Øn-\p-


≈ adp-]-Sn-sb-t∂m-W-amWv AXns\ XpS¿∂p

""]t£, At±lw A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX\pw ]hm-

N-I-∑m-cpsS apZbpw'' BWv F∂v A√mlp Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]kv

Xm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "]t£' F∂ ]Zw Ad-_n- m-j-bn¬

]tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≈Xv ap≥]-kvXm-hn-X-amb Hcp kwK-Xn-sb-

°p-dn-®p≈ kwi-bsØ Zqco-I-cn-°m-\m-sW-∂Xp k¿h-hn-Zn-X-

am-W-t√m. apl-ΩZv \nß-fn¬ Hcp ]pcp-j-s‚bpw ]nXm-h√

F∂ ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ \n-∂p-≠m-Ip∂ kwibw ta¬]-d-™-

Xp- X-s∂-bm-sW-∂Xv hy‡-am-Wv. Cu kwi-b-Zq-co-I-c-Wm¿Yw

Xs∂-bm-Wv, ""]s£ At±lw A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX\pw ]hm-N-

I-∑m-cpsS apZ-bp-amWv'' F∂p XpS¿∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Xncp-

\-_n°v Huc-k-]p-X-∑m-cn-s√-¶nepw At±lw Hcp ]hm-N-I-

\m-bn-cn-°-bm¬ [mcmfw Bflo-b- ]p-X-∑m-cp-s≠∂pw BI-

bm¬, ]pX-lo-\≥ F∂p At±-l-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp-∂Xv icn-b-

s√∂pw BWv Jp¿-B≥ ]kvXm-hn-®-Xns‚ A¿Yw. AXpt]m-

se- Xs∂ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS hnip-≤- ]-Xv\n-am¿ hnizm-kn-I-

fpsS amXm-°-fm-sW∂v ]d-™-Xnepw bmsXmcp s]mcp-Ø-t°-

Sp-an-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Xncp-\_n kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS Bflo-

b- ]n-Xm-hm-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ At±-l-Øns‚ kl-[¿an-Wn-am¿

kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS amXm-°ƒ X-s∂-bm-W-t√m. Npcp-°-Øn¬

B alm-flm-hns‚ Hu∂Xyw Hcp ¿Ømhv F∂-Xntem Hcp

]nXmhv F∂-Xntem A√ ÿnXn sNøp-∂-Xv. adn-®v, A√m-lp-

hns‚ ZqX≥ Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-e-sX. A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX≥ F∂-

\n-e-bn¬ e£-°-W-°n¬ Bflo-b- k-¥m-\-ßƒ At±-l-Øn-

\p-≠m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ At±lw Hcp ]pcp-j-s‚bpw imco-cnI

]nXm-h√ F∂p-h-∂mepw bmsXmcp Xc-t°-Sp-an-√.

F√m ssZh-Zq-X-∑m¿°pw CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Bflo-b- k-¥m-\-

ß-fp-≈-Xn-\m¬ Ah-sc-b-t]-£n®p Xncp-\-_n°p≈ tijvT-

Xsb sXfn-bn-°p-hm-\m-bn- sX Xncp-\-_n a‰p ]hm-N-I-∑m-

sc-t]mse kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS Bflo-b- ]n-Xmhv amX-a-√,

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬124At±lw "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' (\-_n-am-cpsS apZ) IqSn-bmWv

F∂v Jp¿B≥ XpS¿∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXm-b-Xv, Xncp-\-

_n ]hm-N-I-Xz-Øn-t‚-Xmb kIe ]cn-]q¿W-X-Ifpw XnI-

™n-cn-°p∂ ]hm-N-I- t\-Xmhpw ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°p apZ-bm-bn-

cn-°p∂ Bfp-a-sX. B alm-flm-hns‚ km£y-ap-Z-bn-√msX

Hcmƒ°pw ]hm-N-IXzw e`n-°p-∂-X-√. Xncp-\-_n km[m-c-

W-\n-e-bn-ep≈ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p amX-a√ \_n-am¿°p-

X-s∂bpw Bflo-b -]n-Xm-hmbn hncm-Pn-°p∂ ]hm-NI NI-

h¿Øn-bm-bn-cn-°p-I-bm¬ B Znhymflmhns\ k¥m-\- c-ln-

X≥ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv Hcn-°epw icn-b-s√-∂mWv Npcp-°-Øn¬

]kvXpX BbØv \ap°v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv.

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS k¿t∆m-Ø-a-amb ÿm\sØ hy‡-am-

°n-Ø-cp-∂Xpw iXp-°-fpsS Bt£-]-ßƒ°v adp-]-Sn-bm-bn-

cn-°p-∂Xpw Xncp-\-_n-bpsS hnip-≤- ]-Xv\n-am-cpsS ÿm\

sØ Db¿Øn-°m- p-∂Xpw, Ah¿ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS amXm-°-fm-

sW∂ Jp¿-Bs‚ ]kvXm-h-\sb kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw Bb

hymJym-\hpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw CXp-X-s∂-bm-sW∂v \njv]-

£-Nn-¥-I¿°v Kln-°m≥ ]bm-k-an-√.

Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Bflob ]nXr-Xz-sØ-∏-‰n, C¥y-bnse

G‰hpw henb Ckvem-anI hnZym-e-b-amb tZhv_µv Zmdp¬-

Deq-ans‚ ÿm]-I-\mb lZvdØv auem\m apl-ΩZv Jmknw

\m\q-Ø-hn(-dlv) Cß-s\-bmWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.""\_n- Xn-cp-

ta-\n°v Hcp ]pcp-j-t\mSpw imco-cn-I-ambp≈ ss]XrI _‘

an√ F∂m¬, Bflo-I-amb ]nXr-_‘w ]hm-N-I-∑m-tcm-Sp-

Xs∂bpw Ds≠-∂mWv ]kvXpX Jp¿-B≥ hm-Iy-Øns‚

XmXv]-cyw. Cu _‘p-Xz-ap-s≠-∂-Xn∂v "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥'

F∂ hN\w amX-amWv km£n-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv'' (X-lvZo-dp-∂m-kv, `m. 10)

aq∂m-asØ sXfn-hmbn ]d-bp-hm-\p-≈Xv Ad_n mjm-ssi-

en-b-\p-k-cn®v "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw "]hm-


N-I-∑m-In¬ A¥y≥' F∂√ F∂-sX. ìjÜ F∂-Xn\p Ah-

km-\n-∏n-°pI F∂ A¿Yw Be-¶m-cn-I-am-sW∂p mjm-⁄m-

\n-IƒXs∂ ]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≠v. amX-a-√, ìjÛk]ÖÓj^h ""Rm≥

B ]pkvXIw hmbn®p Ah-km-\n-∏n®p'' ìjÛknò÷^ "Rm≥

Hcp km[-\sØ Ah-km-\n-∏n®v Fs∂√mw ]d-bp-∂Xv B

]pkvX-I-Øn-t‚tbm hkvXp-hn-t‚tbm tijvT-Xsb hnh-cn-°m-

\-√. JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂ ]Zw ]bp-‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-

Is´ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS tijvT-Xsb hnh-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n-

bm-Wv. BI-bm¬ Hcp ]pkvXIw hmbn-®-h-km-\n-∏n®p F∂p

]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-ep≈ Hc¿Yw ChnsS \evIm-h-X-√. amX-a-√,

Ah-km-\n-∏n®p F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xp \ne-hn-ep≈ H∂n-s\-°p-

dn-®m-bn-cn-°mt\ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈p-Xm\pw. hcm-\n-cn-°p-∂-Xns\

Ah-km-\n-∏n®p F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xp \nc¿Y-Iam-Wv. BI-bm¬,

Xncp-\-_n ]hm-N-I-∑msc Ah-km-\n-∏n®p F∂mWv JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂-Xns‚ A¿Y-sa-¶n¬ ap≥I-gn™ ]hm-N-I-

∑msc Ah-km-\n-∏n®p F∂mWv AXns‚ XmXv]-cy-sa∂v Icp-

Xmt\ Xc-ap-≈q. AXm-b-Xv, ap≥I-gn™ ]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS ]hm-

N-I-Xzm-[n-Im-c-ß-sfbpw Ah-cpsS \ymb-]amWß-fpsS

]m_ey-sØbpw Xncp-\-_n Ah-km-\n-∏n-®p-sh-∂v. Cu A¿Y-

am-sW-¶n¬, Alva-Zn-Iƒ°pw kzoIm-cy-am-Wv. CXp Xncp-\-

_nbpsS tijvT-Xsb sXfn-bn-°p-∂-Xp- X-s∂. Aß-s\-b-

√msX ]ndsI hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ]hm-N-I-∑m-scbpw Xncp-\_nAh-km-\n-∏n®p F∂p A¿Y-I-ev]\ sNøp-∂Xp XnI®pw

A_-≤-am-Wv. ]ndsI ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ hcp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ Ah-sc

Ahkm\n-∏n-°m-h-X-√t√m! hcm-\n-s√-¶n¬ C√m-Ø-Xns\ Ah-

km-\n-∏n®p F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv A¿Y-c-ln-X-hpam-Wv.

q^ðì^iÜ]ÖÏçÝ F∂p ]d-™m¬ "Hcp kap-Zm-b-Ønse Ah-

km-\sØ Bƒ h∂p' F∂mWv A¿Y-sa∂pw AtXt]m-se-

X-s∂-bmWv "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xn-s‚bpw A¿Ysa∂p

]d-bp-∂Xpw ASn-ÿm-\ -c-ln-X-amb Hcp hmZ-am-Wv. H∂m-a-Xmbn,

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬126Cu D]-tbm-Kw- Xs∂ sX‰m-Wv. Hcp P\-X-bnse bmsXmcp

hy‡n-sb-°-pdn®pw "JmØ-ap¬ Juw' (B P\-Ønse Ah-

km-\sØ hy‡n) F∂p ]d-bm≥ km[y-a√. "JmØ-ap∂_n-

øo≥' F∂-Xn\p Ah-km-\sØ ]hm-N-I≥ F∂mWv A¿Y-

sa∂p hcp-Øm≥th≠n F¥pw ]d-bm≥ Hcp-ßp-∂p-sh∂p

amX-ta-bp-≈q. Ah-km-\sØ Bƒ F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v Hcp kap-Zm-b-Ønse tijvT≥ BsW∂p hcn-I-bp-an-

√. "JmØap¬ Juw' F∂v Bsc-°p-dn-s®-¶nepw ]d-bp-∂p-sh-

¶n¬ AXp kap-Zm-b-Ønse tijvT-hy‡n F∂ A¿Y-Ønte

Bbn-cn-°-bp-≈q. amX-a-√, "BJn-dp¬ Juw' F∂p D]-tbm-Kn-

®m¬X-s∂bpw "kap-Zm-b-Ønse tijvT-hy‡n' F∂-√msX

"kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ A¥y≥' F∂p A¿Y-sa-Sp-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-

√. Npcp-°-Øn¬ "JmØw' F∂ ]Zw Hcp kaq-l-\m-a-]-Z-tØmSp

tN¿Øp Hcm-fpsS _lp-am-\-kq-N-I-ambpw hnti-j-W-ambpw

]tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´m¬ AXns‚ A¿Yw B kaq-l-Øn¬

tijvT≥ F∂p-am-X-am-Wv. apkvenw- k-ap-Zm-b-Øn¬ BZy-Imew

apXevt° Cu A¿Y-Øn¬ X-s∂-bmWv Cu ]Zw ]tbmK-

Kn°-°-s∏-´p-h-∂-Xpw. B¿ F¥p-Xs∂ ]d-™mepw Cu

bmYm¿YysØ \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥ km[yta A√.

JmØ-ap¬ Huen-bm, JmØ-ap-ip-A-dm, JmØ-ap¬ ap - n-

co≥, JmØ-ap¬ apl-JvJn-Jo≥, JmØap¬ apPvX-ln-Zo≥ F∂n-

ßs\ \nc-h[n KŸ-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- p-Im-Wmw. Ahn-

sS-sb√mw B kaq-l-Ønse "A¥y≥' F∂p Bcpw A¿Y-I-

ev]\ sNøm-dn-√. adn-®v, B kaq-l-Ønse tijvT-hy-‡n-sbt∂

A¿Yw \evIm-dp-≈q. CXn-te°v FXtbm DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ

ImWn-°m≥ km[n-°pw. ssZ¿Ly-`-b-Øm¬ Nne-Xp-amXw

tN¿Øp-sIm-≈mw.

1. JmØ-ap¬ aplm-Pn-co≥ F∂p lZvdØv A∫m-kn-s\-°p-

dn®v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n ]d-™n- p-≠v. (X-_m-\n).


2. "JmØ-ap¬ Huenbm' F∂p lZvdØv A-ensb°p-dn®v

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n ]d-™p. (X^vko¿ km-^n).

3. "JmØ-ap-ip-Ad' (I-hn-I-fn¬ tijvT≥) F∂p A_q-XΩmw

F∂ Ihn-sb-°p-dn®p as‰mcp ]kn-≤ -Ihn ]d-™p.

(H-^-bm-Øp¬ AA-vbm≥)

4. "JmØ-ap¬ Huenbm' F∂p Camw im^n-Cu-sb-°p-dn®v

]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. (A-Øqlv^Øp- -\n-ø)

5. "JmØ-ap¬ Huenbm' F∂p tiJv-C_v\p Ad-_n-sb-°p-

dn®v ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. (A¬^p-Xqlm-Øp¬ a°n-ø, Ih¿t]-Pv)

6. "JmØ-ap¬ ap - n-co≥' F∂p Camw kpbq-Øn-sb-°p-

dn®p ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. (X-^vko¿ CXvJm≥, Ih¿t]-Pv)

7. "JmØ-ap¬ apl-±n-ko≥' F∂v imlv hen-bp-√mlv Zlve-

hn-sb-°p-dn®v ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. (D-Pm-em- \m-^n-A)

8. "JmØ-ap¬ apl-±n-ko≥ h¬ ap - n-co≥' F∂p imlv

A_vZp¬ Akokv Zlve-hn-sb-∏‰n ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

(l-Zn-b-Øp-»o-A)

CX-bp-a-√, Hcm-fpsS ÿm\-a-mlm-flysØ hnh-cn-°m≥

"BJn¿' (A-h-km-\-sØ) F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®m¬t]mepw

kaq-l-Øn¬ tijvT≥ F∂ A¿Yw amXta \¬I-s∏-Sp-I-bp-

≈q. Kmen_v tKmX-°m-c-\mb d_o-Av F∂ Bsf-°p-dn®v

!ì†Æ^Ög (Km-en_v tKmX-Ønse Ah-km-\sØ Bƒ) F∂p

]d-b-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw, Camw C_v\p- Xo-an-øm-sb- Ip-dn®v

!ì†]ÖÛrjã‚mà F∂v Camw kpbqØn ]d-™Xpw ]É F∂

Ihn-ti-jvT-s\-°p-dn®v !ì†p^Â† F∂v CJv_m¬ D]-tbm-Kn-

®Xpw CXn-te°p ]_-e-amb sXfn-hm-Wv. Npcp-°-Øn¬, Ad-

_n- `m-jm-ssi-en-b-\p-k-cn®v Hcp kaq-l-\m-a-]-Z-tØm-Spw

"JmØw' F∂ ]Zw tN¿Øp-sIm≠v Hcm-fpsS tijvT-Xsb

Ipdn-°m≥ ]bp-‡-am-bm¬ AXns‚ A¿Yw, B kaq-l-

Øn¬s]´hcn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-t°≠ F√m D¬Ir-„-Kp-W-ßfpw

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬128ktΩ-fn® tijvT-hy‡n F∂p-am-X-am-Wv. CXn-s\-Xn-cmb

Hscm‰ DZm-l-c-Whpw B¿°pw \evIp-hm≥ km[y-a-√.

F∂m¬, "JmØw' F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿Yw "apZ' F∂m-b-Xp-

sIm≠v ta¬]-Imcw hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Bƒ a‰p-≈-h¿°v

km£y-ap-Z-bmb Bfm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw kn≤n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

At∏mƒ, \_n- Xn-cp-ta-\n-sb-∏‰n "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂v

]d-b-s∏´Xn\v Xncp-\-_n k¿h-ti-jvT-\mb ]hm-N-I-\m-

sW∂pw B Znhym-flm-hns‚ km£n-ap-Z- Iq-SmsX B¿°pw-

Xs∂ \_n-∏´w e`n-°p-I-bn-s√∂pamW¿Ysa∂p kn≤n-®p.

ap≥I-gn™ F√m ]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsSbpw \ymb]-am-W-ßsf

Xncp-\-_n aptJ\ A√mlp Zp¿_-e-s∏-SpØn F∂ A¿Yhpw

AXn¬\n-∂p- Xs∂ e`n-°p-∂p-≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬, Aß-s\-b-

√m-Ø-]£w B alm-flmhv k¿h-ti-jvT\mb ] hm-N-I-\m-

sW∂p hcn-I-bn-√.

\mem-a-Xmbn ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv apkvenw- tem-IsØ ]q¿hnIcpw

B[p-\n-I-cp-amb kp]-kn-≤ -hy-‡n-Ifpw ]fin-X-∑mcpw Alv

a-Zn-Iƒ \evIp∂ Cu A¿Yw icn-bm-sW-∂-Xns\ \ymbo-I-cn-

°p∂p F∂m-Wv. DZm-l-c-Wm¿Yw Nne-cpsS ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

amXw D≤-cn-°mw.

(1) lZvdØv Bbnj kn±o-Jg C]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p:

ÎçÖç]]Þùäì^iÜ]ŸÞfn«ðæŸiÏçÖç]ŸÞfoùeÃ‚åü""Xncp-\-_n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ BsW∂v \nßƒ ]d-™p-

sImƒhn≥; F∂m¬, At±-l-Øn∂ptijw \_n-bn-s√∂v

\nßƒ ]d-b-cp-Xv.''

lZvdØv Bbni kn±o-JgbpsS Cu ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ \n∂v

hy‡-am-Ip-∂Xv "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw

"A¥y]-hm-N-I≥' F∂-s√-∂m-W-t√m. "em \-_n-ø- _-AvZo'

F∂ lZokv lZvdØv Bbn-ig tI´n- p-≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw


AXns‚ A¿Yw sX‰n-≤-cn-°-s∏-S-cp-sX∂p IcpXn Ah¿ C]-

Imcw ]d-™-Xm-sW∂pw BWv a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. "em \_n-ø-

_-AvZo' F∂Xn\v "F\n-°p-tijw Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ \_nbpw

D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-X√' F∂pw, "F\n°p-tijw Hcp ] tXy-I -

Xc-Øn-ep≈ \_n D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-X√' F∂pw c≠p- hn-[-

Øn¬ A¿Y-sa-Sp-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. BZysØ A¿Yw \_n-Xn-

cp-ta-\n-bpsS ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ°pw hnip-≤ -Jp¿-B-\p- Xs∂

bpw FXn-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬, B A¿Yw kzoI-cn-°m≥ \nhr-

Øn-bn-√. F∂¬ "em \_n-ø- _AvZo' F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ

Aß-s\bpw A¿Y-sa-Sp-°m-\n-S-bp-≈-Xn-\m-emWv lZvdØv

Bbnig- "em \-_nø _Av-Zlp' F∂p ]d-b-cp-sX∂pw "Jm

Ø-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂p ]d-™m¬ aXn-sb∂pw D]-tZ-in-°p-I-

bp-≠m-b-Xv. lZvdØv Bbn-i- kn-±o-J-gbpsS ]°¬ "JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xn\v Ah-km-\sØ ]hm-N-I≥ F∂mWv

A¿Y-sa-¶n¬ "em \_nø _A-Zlp' F∂p ]d-b-cp-sX∂v

Ah¿ D]-tZ-in-®Xv A¿Y-c-ln-X-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂XmWv.

(2) l\^o aZvl-_nse ]kn≤ Camamb ap√m Aen-bp¬Jm-

cn (1014 ln:Nc-aw) C]-Imcw ]dbp∂p:

ÖçÂ^]e†]ânÜæ‘^…Þfn&^æÒ„]Öç‘^…ÂÛ†z

Þfn&^ÖÓ^áÚà]if^ÂäÂ×nä]ÖŠùþ³þ³þ³þ³¡ÝÊ¡mß^Î˜

ÎçÖäüiÃ^ÖFoì^iþ³þ³Ü]Ößùfnùnà]ƒ]ÖÛÃßFo]ÞùäüŸmûio

Þfo'eÃ‚åümßŠþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³îöÚ×ùjäüæÖÜmÓþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³àÚà]Úùjä"\_n- Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ]pX≥ C_mlow Pohn-®n-cn-°p-

Ibpw \_n-bm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-bmepw Da¿ \_n-bm-hp-∂-

Xm-bmepw Ah¿ Ccp-hcpw \_n- Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS A\p-bm-

bn-I-fm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Aß-s\-bm-hp-∂Xv "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-

øo≥' F∂p A√mlp ]d-™-Xn\p FXn-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-X-√.

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬130Fs¥-∂m¬ AXns‚ A¿Yw \_n- Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw

At±-l-Øns‚ Zo≥ Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw At±-l-Øns‚

DΩØn A√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp \_n hcn-I-bn√

F∂sX'' (A¬au-kq-BØv `m. 59)

(3) imlvhmen-bp-√mlv apl-±-kvZ-lvehn (1776 ln. Nc-aw) C]-

Imcw ]d-bp∂p:

ìöjÜeä]Ößùfnùçá]øpŸmöçq‚öÚàmùûÚ†å]Ö×ùä

‰þ³þ³þ³þ³fv^Þäüeô^]Öjùþ³ûþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³†mÄÂ×o]Ößùþ³þ³þ³þ³^Œ""\_n- Xn-cp-ta-\n aptJ\ ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ apZWw sNø-

s∏´p F∂p ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿Yw A√mlp a\p-jy¿°p-th≠n

]tXyI \ymb-]-am-W-tØm-Sp-IqSn Iev∏n-®-b-°p∂ Hcmfpw

D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-X√ F∂mWv''

(X-^vlo-amsØ Cem-ln-ø, hm. 2, `m. 72)

(4) køn-Zv, A–p¬Icow Poem\n (767 ln. P\-\w) Cßs\

]d-bp∂p:

Ê^ÞÏ_ÄuÓÜÞfçùé]Öjùþ³þ³þ³†mÄeÃ‚åüÒ^áÚvÛù‚"#

ì^iÜ]ÖßùfnùnàŸôøÞùäüq^ðe^ÖÓÛ^ÙæÖÜmsð]u‚e„]ÖÔ""\_n- Xn-cp-ta-\n-°p-tijw \ymb-]-am-W-tØm-Sp- Iq-Snb

\p_q-∆Øv Ah-km-\n-®p. Aßs\ \_n- Xn-cp-ta-\n Jm

Ø-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ Bbn. Fs¥-∂m¬ ]cn-]q¿W-Xsb sIm

≠ph-∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv At±-l-asX as‰m-cmfpw AXp sIm≠p-h-

∂n- n√'' (A¬ C≥km-\p¬ Iman¬, 1 `mKw 98)

(5) A√mlp a\p-jy¿°p \evInb ][m\ A\p-K-l-ßƒ

\mem-sW∂pw \mem-a-tØXv "AJ¬' AYhm _p≤n

BsW∂pw ]d-™p-sIm≠v Camw dmkn (606 ln. Nc-aw) C]-

Imcw XpS-cp∂p:


Ê^ÖÃÏØìîÜÖÓØæ]ÖíîÜmvg]ámÓçá]Ê–Ø]¤

i†p]áù…‰çÖß^‘×ÃÜÖÛù^Ò^áìîþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³Ü]ÖßùfnùnàÒ^á

]Ê–Ø]ŸÞfn«ðÂ×nãÜ]Ö’ù¡éæ]ÖŠùþ³¡Ýæ]ŸÞŠ^áÖÛù^

Ò^áìîþ³þ³þ³þ³þ³Ü]ÖÛí×çÎþ³^l]ÖrŠÛ^ÞnèÒ^á]Ê–×ã^

Ê„]ÖÔ]ÖÃÏþ³þ³ØÖÛù^Ò^áìîþ³þ³þ³þ³Ü]Öí×Ä]ÖË^ñ–èÚà

u–þ³þ³þ³†éƒp]Ör¡ÙÒ^á]Ê–þ³þ³þ³þ³Ø]Öí×Äæ]ÒÛ×ã^""_p≤n F√m-‰n-t‚bpw "JmØw' BWv. JmØw tijvT-am-

bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. \o ImWp-∂n-t√, \ΩpsS dkq¬ JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥ Bb-t∏mƒ F√m ]hm-N-I-∑m-tc-°mfpw tijvT-

\m-bn. a\p-jy≥ ÿqe-kr-„n-Iƒ°v JmØw Bbt∏mƒ Ah-

bn¬sh®p tijvT-\m-bn. AXpt]m-se-Xs∂ _p≤n A√m-lp-

hn-¶¬\n∂p a\p-jy¿°p e`n°p∂ A\p-K-ß-fn¬ JmØw

Bb-t∏mƒ AXp F√m A\p-K-l-ß-tf-°mfpw tijvThpw

]cn-]q¿Whpw Bbn-Øo¿∂p'' (X-^vko¿ I_o¿, Pn. 6 `m. 31)

(6) A√mam C_v\p-Jp¬Zq≥ (809 ln. Nc-aw) C]-Imcw ]d-

bp∂p:

æmÛ%ù×çá]Öþ³þ³çŸmèÊoiË^ælÚ†]ifãþ³þ³þ³ê^Ößùfçùé

æmrÃ×çá‘ûg]ÖÓþ³þ³Û^ÙÊnã^ìîÜ]ŸæÖn«ð

u^ñˆ]Ö×Û†ifè]ÖùjoâoìîÛè]ÖçŸmèÒÛ^Ò^á

ìîÜ]ŸæÖn«ðu^ñˆ]Ö×Û†ifè]Öùjoìîþ³Ûè]Ößùfçùé""Ah¿ hen-am¿ hnem-b-Øns\ AXns‚ ÿm\-hy-Xym-k

sØ ASn-ÿm-\-am°n \p_q-∆-Øn-t\mSp kmZr-iy-s∏-Sp-Øp-

.

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬132∂p. hn-em-b-Øn¬ ]q¿W-ÿm\w ]m]n-®-hsc JmØap¬

Huenbm F∂v Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, hnem-b-Øns‚ Ah-

km-\sØ ]Z-hn- ]m-]n® Bƒ F∂v. JmØ-ap¬ Aºnbm

\p_p-∆-Øns‚ Ah-km-\sØ ]Zhn ]m]n® Bsf -t]mse''

(ap-J-±na C_v\p-Jp¬Zq≥, `m. 271)

(7) hen-am¿ ÿm\-hy-Xym-k-ap-≈-h-cm-sW∂v ]kvXm-hn-

®psIm≠v hnip-X-"h-en-'bmb lZvdØv tiJv -co-Zp-±o≥ A

Øm¿(dlv) (lnPvd 620 Nc-aw) Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:

""G‰hpw Db¿∂-]-Z-hn-bn¬ FØn-°-gn-™m¬ \p_q-∆-

Øns‚ Awiw Hcmƒ°v e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xp-sIm≠v At±lw "Jm

Ø-ap¬ Huen-bmhpw' F√m hen-am-cp-sSbpw t\Xmhpw B

bnØo-cp-∂p. \ΩpsS ]hm-N-I¿ l. apl-ΩZv apkvX- mJmØ-ap¬-A-ºnbm Bb-Xp-t]mse''

(X¿Pa XZvIn-d-Øp¬ Huen-bm, `m. 537).

(8) lZvdØv apP-±nZv A¬ss -km\o tiJv Alva-Zv k¿ln-

µn(-dlv) (ln: 1034-˛¬ Nc-aw) C]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p:

""\_n- Xn-cp-ta-\nbpsS \ntbm-Km-\-¥cw B alm-flm-hns‚

A\p-bmbn-I-fn¬ s] -h¿°v Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ]n≥Xp-S¿®m-

h-Im-i-sa-∂- \n-ebn¬ \p_p-∆-Øns‚ tijvT-X-Iƒ e`n-°p-

∂Xv B alm-flmhv JmØ-ap¬ dpkp¬ BWv F∂Xn\v FXn-

c-√. \o Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ kwi-bmep Bh-cpXv'

(a-JvXq-_msØ Camw-d-∫m-\o, 1˛mw hmeyw aIvXq_v \ºv 301)

(9) lZvdØv auem\m dqan (N-caw ln. 672) Cßs\ ]d-™n-

cn-°p∂p:

""\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ BbXp Bflo-bm-

\p-Klw \evIp-∂-Xn¬ At±-l-Øn\p ka-\\mb Hcmƒ apºp-

≠m-bn- p-an√ C\n D≠m-hp-I-bp-an√ F∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. Hcp

Ic-Iu-i-e-hn-Z-Kv≤≥ Xs‚ kma¿Yy-Øn¬ ]q¿W-ÿm\w

]m]n-®m¬ \Ωƒ At±-l-tØmSp ]d-bm-dn-t√, \n∂n¬ Ic-


Iu-i-ehpw kma¿Yyhpw Ah-km-\n-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂v. F]-

Imcw D∂-X-\mb Hcp IemI-m-cs\°pdn®v B Ie Abm-fn¬

Ah-km-\n®p F∂p \o ]d-bp-∂pthm A-Xp-t]mseXs∂ Xncp-

\-_n-sb-°p-dn®p \n\°p ]d-bmw. Bflo-b-amb F√m _‘-

ß-tfbpw \o°p∂ hnj-b-Ønepw F√m Imcy-ß-fnepw ]cn-

lmcw ImWp∂ hnj-b-Ønepw Aßv JmØw BWv. \nkvXp-

ey-\m-Wv. Bflo-b-]-Zhn \¬Ip-∂-h¿°v \o "lmØw' (lm-

Øw-Xm-bn) BWv'' (a-kv\-hn, auem\m dqw 1˛mw k¿§w `m 53)

(10) At»Jv A–p¬Jm-Zn¿ I¿Zn-kvXm\n Cßs\ ]d-™n-

cn-°p∂p:

ŸmfÃ&eÃ‚åÞfo!ì†e†mÃè!ì†p ]áùÚÃßoÒçÞäì^iþ³þ³þ³Ü]Ößùfnùnàâç]Þùä""\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥'' BsW-∂-Xns‚

A¿Yw At±-l-Øn-\p-tijw thsdmcp ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb

Hcp \_nbpw \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn√ F∂mWv''

(X-Jvco-_p¬a-dmw, hm. 2, m. 233).

(11) ]m°n-kvXm-\n¬ "tiJp¬ Ckvemw' F∂ A`n-[m-\-

Øn¬ Adn-b-s∏´ auehn i∫o¿ AlvaZv Dkvam\n (N-caw

1949) C]-Imcw ]dbp∂p:

""\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n F]-Imcw Xs‚ kz`m-h-ß-fnepw s]cp-

am-‰-Ønepw as‰√m ]hm-N-I-∑m-tc-°mfpw D∂-X-\m-bn-cp-∂pthm

AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ Adn-hnepw F√m ]Z-hn-Ifpw At±-l-Øn¬

]q¿Øn-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, ap≥I-gn™ ]hm-N-I-

∑m¿°p B¿°pw-Xs∂ ⁄m\-Øns‚ A¤p-X -Zr-„m¥w

\¬I-s∏- n-cp-∂n-√. AhcpsS A\pbm-bn-I-fn¬ Bcpw-Xs∂

Ckvem-ans‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ Hgp-°n-b-Xp-t]mse hn⁄m-\-

Øns‚ \Zn-Iƒ Hgp-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn- n-√. ⁄m\w, temIsØ

]cn-jvI-cn-∏n-°p∂ Bfn-ep-≠m-tI≠ KpW-ß-fpsS JmØw

BWv. At∏mƒ BcpsS AZv p-X-Zr-„m¥w ⁄m\kw_-‘n-

bm-bn-cn-°p-∂pthm B Bfn¬ ⁄m\-kw-_-‘-amb F√m

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬134]cn-]q¿W-X-Ifpw Akm-\n-®p-t]m-Ipw. Fs‚ ]°¬ B Bsf-

Ø-s∂-bmWv "JmØ-ap¬ Aºnbm' F∂p ]d-tb-≠Xv''

(C-Av-Pm-kp¬ Jp¿-B≥ `m, 61)

(12) tZhv_¥v Zmdp¬ Deq-ans‚ tae-[n-Im-cnbpw ]ikvX

]fin-X-\p-amb auem\m aplΩZv Xøn_v kmln_v "JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂ Xs‚ KŸ-Øn¬ C]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p:

""JmØ-ap-∂p-_p-∆Øv'' F-∂Xp-sIm≠p≈ hnh-£, temI-

Øp-\n∂v \p_p-∆-Øm-Ip∂ AXn-a-l-Ømb A\p-Klw Ah-

km-\n-®p-t]m-Ibpw XZzmcm Cu Bflo-b -]-Imiw hniz-ap-J-

Øp-\n∂v am™p-t]m-Ibpw sNbvXp-sht∂m ]hm-N-Im-h-Xmcw

Fs∂-t∂-bv°p-ambn kam-]vXo-I-cn-°-s∏- p-sht∂m A√; adn-

®v, ]hm-N-I-Xz-am-Ip∂ A\p-Klw AXns‚ ]cn-]q¿W-Z-i-bn¬

\_n-Xn-cpta\n aptJ\ FØn-°-gn-™p-sh-∂m-Wv. C\n

temIØv \_n-I-cow-t‚-Xn¬ \n∂pw hn`n-∂-amb ]pXn-sbmcp

\p_p-∆-Øn-t‚tbm \ymb-]-am-W-Øn-t‚tbm Bh-iyw -Xs∂

Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v temI-Øp-\n∂v \p_p-∆-

ØmIp∂ "\nA-vaØv' Fs∂-t∂-°p-ambn \ne-®p-t]m-sbt∂m

B alm-\p-Klw \n¿Ø¬ sNø-s∏- p-sht∂m CXn-∂¿Y-an√''

(Jm-Ø-ap-∂-_n-øo≥, `m 8).

ho≠pw CtX KŸ-Øn¬ as‰m-cn-SØp At±lw ]d-bp-I-

bmWv: ""\mw kqcy-s\, AXn¬ F√m-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ ]Im-i-

ßfpw AS-ßn-bn- p-≈-Xn-\m¬ "JmØ-ap¬ A≥hm¿' F∂p

\ma-I-cWw sNøp-∂p. Fhn-sS-sb√mw \mw shfn®w ImWp-

∂pthm AsX√mw kqcy-\n¬ \n-∂p-¤q-X-am-I-bm¬ kqcy-tKm-

fsØ F√m-hn[ ]Im-i-ß-fp-sSbpw Dd-hn-S-sa∂v \ap°v hniz-

kn-°mw... CtXt]mse BZ-ans\ \mw "JmØ-ap¬ B_m-Av'

(]n-Xm°fpsS JmØw) F∂p hnfn-°p-∂p. ImcWw ]nXm-sh∂

hnti-jWw At±-l-Øn¬ Ah-km-\n-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠p

temIØp BZ-an-\p-tijw ]nXm-sh∂ ]Zhn B¿°pw- Xs∂

e`y-am-I-bn-s√∂v ]d-bm-hp-∂-XmtWm? CtX-]-Imcw lZvdØv


apl-ΩZv apkvX- m JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ BsW-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

At±-l-Øn¬ \p_p-∆-Øns‚ F√m ]Z-hn-Ifpw Ah-km-\n-®n-

cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬, ta¬]-kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn®v \p_p-

∆Øv ]Z-hnbpw At±-l-Øn¬\n∂pw Bcw- n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Imc-

Ww, Cu ]cn-]q¿W-X-bpsS XpS°w Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬ \n-∂mWv

D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu alm-\p-Klw (\p-_p-∆-Øv) e`n-°p∂

Bƒ°v lZvdØv \_n-I-cowbpsS injyXzw kzoI-cn-°msX

\nhr-Øn-bn-√. Imc-Ww, Cu ]Zhn \_n Xncp-ta-\n aptJ-\-

bmWv B Bƒ°v e`y-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv'' (`m. 11)

hnjbw \o≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Rm≥ IqSp-X¬ DZm-l-c-

W-ßƒ D≤-cn-°p∂-n-√. JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂-Xn\p Alva-

Zn-Iƒ \evIp∂ A¿Yw a‰p≈ ]e alm-∑mcpw ]d-™n- p-≈-

Xp- X-s∂-bm-sW∂v CXn¬\n∂p a\- n-em°mw. kXyw ]d-

bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Xnc-p\-_n-°p-tijw ]tXyI \ymb-]-

amWtØmSp-Iq-Sntbm kzX-¥-\mb \ne-bntem D≈ Hcp

\_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√-∂mWv "JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥' F∂-Xns‚

hnh£ F∂p-X-s∂-bmWv ap≥I-gn™ alm-∑m-sc√mw ]d-

™n- p-≈-Xv. BI-bm¬, Alva-Zn-Iƒ Xncp-\-_nsb JmØ-

ap-∂-_n-øo≥ F∂p hniz-kn°p∂ns√∂pw ap≥I-gn™ alm-

∑m-cpsS sFII-WvtT\bp≈ ]kvXm-h-\-I-sfbpw hnizm-k-

ß-sfbpw \ntj-[n-°-p∂p-sh∂pw ]d-™p-sIm≠v Ahsc

Bt£-]n-°p-∂Xv XnI®pw sX‰m-Wv.

hnip-≤- -B-\n¬ \p_p-∆-Øn-s\-°p-dn®v Cßs\ hy‡-ambn

]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n´pw F¥p-sIm≠v ]fin-X-∑m¿ ]tXy-In®v

Jp¿-Bs‚ mjy-Im-c-∑m¿ Cu bmYm¿Yyw a\- n-em-°n-bn-s√-

∂m-sc-¶nepw tNmZn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬, F\n°v H∂m-a-Xmbn ]d-

bm-\p≈ adp-]-Sn, Xncp-\-_n JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo≥ BWv F∂v

]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw B kXym-flm-hn-\p-tijw ]tXyI

\ymb-]-am-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb kzX-¥-\mb Hcp ]hm-N-I≥ hcn-

I-bn-s√-∂m-sW∂pw At±-l-Øns‚ ico-A-Øns\ ]t_m-[n-

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬136°m≥ DΩ-Øn-bmb \_n hcp-sa-∂-Xn\v ta¬-B-bØv FXn-c-

s√∂pw ap≥I-gn™ ]e alm-∑mcpw ]kvXm-hn-®n- p≠v F∂-

tX.

c≠v: \p_p-∆-Øn-t\-°mƒ FXbpw ]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p∂

hnj-b-amWv XuloZv AYhm GI-ssZ-h-Xzw. \p_p-∆-Øn-s\-

°p-dn®v ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-´-Xn-t\-°mƒ i‡n-bp-‡-ambpw

Bh¿Øn®m-h¿Øn®pw Jp¿-B-\n¬ Xulo-Zn-s\-∏‰n ]kvXm-

hn-°-s∏- n- p-≠v. C∂v temI-Øp≈ apkvenwI-fn¬ bmYm-ÿn-

X-I-cmb kp∂n-Ifpw jnbm-°-fp-am-Wv _lp- q-cn-]-£w. Ch-

cn¬ e£-°-W-°n¬ Benw-I--fp-≠m-bn´pw Cu auen-I-amb

]iv\-Øn¬Xs∂ A`n-]m-b-Ø¿°-ap-≠m-Im-Xn-cp-∂n-√. Cu

c≠p `qcn-]-£- I-£n-Ifpw Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ ]ng-®p-t]m-b-h-

cm-sW-∂-sX Dev]-Xn-jvWp-°fpw B[p-\n-I- Nn-¥m-K-Xn-°m-

cmb apkvenw-Ifpw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. \p_p∆-Ønt\°mƒ IqSp-X¬

hy‡-ambpw i‡n-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw Jp¿-B≥ ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n- p≈

Cu AXn-]-[m\ hnjbw _lp- q-cn-]-£-°m-cmb Cu kp∂n

jnbm Benw-Iƒ°v F¥p-sIm≠v a\- n-em-bn√? AXn-\p≈

Imc-W-sa-¥mtWm Gsd-°psd AXp-X-s∂-bmWv \p_p-∆-

Øns\ kw_-‘-n®p≈ Cu Jp¿-B-\nI bmYm¿Yy-ßƒ

]e¿°pw a\- n-em-°m≥ km[n-°msX h∂-Xn-\p≈ Imc-W-

hpw.

aq∂v, \_n hcn-I-bn-s√-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ ]Xn-∑-S-ßp- i-‡n-

tbmSpw hy‡-ambpw apkvenw -temIw hniz-kn-®p -h-∂n- p-≈-

Xm-Wt√m Cukm-\-_n acn-®n- n-s√∂pw At±-lw -Xs∂ Xncn-

®p-h-cp-sa∂pw D≈-Xv. Cu hnizm-k-Øn\p B[m-c-ambn Jp¿-

B≥ hmIy-ßƒ X-s∂-bmWv D≤-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. sX‰mb A¿Y-

amWv Ahbv°p \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-¶nepw C∂m-sW-¶n¬

t]¿tI´ ]e Benw-Ifpw F∂√, B[p-\nI hnZym- ymkw

kn≤n® apkvenw-I-fn¬ qcn- m-Khpw Cukm-\-_n acn-®p-t]m-

bn-cn-°p∂p F∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂p tLmjn-


®p-Xp-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p! Xn-cp-\_n-°p-tijw ico-A-tØm-Sp-

IqSn A√mØ DΩ-Øn-bmb \_n°v hcm-sa∂v ap≥I-gn™

]fin-X-∑m-cn¬ FX t]¿ ]d-™n- pt≠m AXbpw ]fin-

X-∑m¿ Cukm-\-_n acn-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]kvXm-

hn-®n-cp-∂-Xmbn sXfn-bp-∂n√ F∂ ]c-am¿Y-hpw-IqSn Iq -Øn¬

A\p-kva-cn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cß-s\-bn-cn-s°, \p_q-∆-Øn-

-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ hnip-≤- Jp¿-Bs‚ ]kvXm-h\ CXn-\p-apºv

F√m-hcpw a\- n-em-°n-bn- n-s√∂p h∂m¬ Xs∂ B›-cy-

s∏-Sm-s\-¥p≈q? ap≥I-gn™ `mjy-Im-c-∑m¿ \evIn-bn- p≈

hymJym-\-ßƒ°v \nc-°m-ØXpw hn]-co-X-am-bn- p-≈-Xp-amb

hymJym-\-ßƒ Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ°p temI-]-kn-≤-cmb

]e apkvenw-]-fin-X-∑mcpw C∂p \evIp-∂-Xmbn \ap°v

ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂p. ap≥I-gn-™-h¿°p a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-

™n- n-√mØ Nne Jp¿-B≥ hm-Iy-ßƒ°p temI -]-kn-≤-

cmb ]e apkvenw- ]-fin-X-∑mcpw C∂p \evIp-∂-Xmbn \ap°v

ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂p. ap≥I-gn-™-h¿°p a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-

™n- n-√mØ Nne Jp¿-B-\n-I- X-Øz-ßƒ ]ndsI h∂-h¿°p

a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-™p-sh-∂p-h-cm-sa∂v Camw dmkn Xs∂

]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≠v. amX-a-√, CØcw sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Isf AI-

‰m≥ th≠n Xs∂-bmWv C°m-eØv Hcp ]hm-N-I≥ Xncp-

\_n-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬\n∂v Fgpt∂ev]n°-s∏- n-cn-°p-

∂Xpw. At±lw apkvenw-I-fpsS Camapw \oXn-am-\mb hn[n-

I¿Øm-hp-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v \_n- Xs∂ Acp-fn-bn- p-ap≠v. ap

kvenw-I-fn¬ ]q≠p-]n-Sn-®n-cn-°p∂ sX‰n-≤m-c-W-I-sfbpw A_-

≤-hn-izm-k-ß-sfbpw AI‰n hnip-≤ -Jp¿-Bs‚ bYm¿Y-amb

A[ym-]-\-ßsf temI-Øn\p apºn¬ sh°p-I-sb-∂Xv At±-

l-Øns‚ Bhn¿`m-thm-t±-iy-ß-fn¬ H∂m-W-t√m. BI-bm¬,

\p_p-∆-Øns\ kw_-‘n® Jp¿-Bs‚ bYm¿Y A[ym-]-\-

ß-fn¬ apºp-≈-h-cn¬ Nne-cpsS i≤ ]Xn-™n- n-s√-¶n¬Xs∂

AXn¬ H´pw B›-cy-s∏-Sm-\n-√.


A\p-_‘w

\_n-Xn-c-pta\n°v tijw HcpXc-Øn-ep≈ \_nbpw hcn

I-bn-s√-∂-Xn-te°v sXfn-sh-t∂mWw Nne¿ Xmsg tN¿°p∂

Jp¿-B≥ BbØv D∂-bn-°m-dp≠v.

"Ct∂-Zn-hkw Rm≥ \nßƒ°v \nß-fpsS Zo\ns\ ]q¿Øn-

-bm-°n-Ø-cn-Ibpw Fs‚ A\-pKlw Rm≥ \nß-fn¬ ]q

¿Øo-Icn-Ibpw \nßƒ°p-th≠n Ckvemw aXsØ Xr]vXn-

s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.' (5:4)

Zo≥ ]q¿Øn-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠v C\n-sbmcp \_nbpw hcn-I-bn√,

htc-≠-Xp-an√ F∂m-Wn-h¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. F√m Hmtcm ]hm-N-

I\pw ]tXyIw ]tXyIw Zot\m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv h∂n- p-≠m-bn-

cp-∂-sX∂pw Hcp ]pXnb Zot\m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-√msX Hcp \_nbpw

hcn-I-bn-s√∂pw BWv hnip-≤- Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n°p∂sX¶n¬

Ckvemw Zo≥ ]cn-]q¿W-am-b-Xp-sIm≠pw hnip-≤ -Jp¿-B≥

kpc-£n-X-am-b- \n-e-bn¬ Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw Xncp-\-

_n-°p-tijw Hcp \_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√∂p Xo¿®-bmbpw

]d-bmw. F∂m¬, hnip-≤- Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂Xv

F√m Hmtcm ]hm-N-I\pw ]tXyIw ]tXyIw Zot\m-Sp-Iq-Sn-

h-∂-h-cm-bn-cp∂p F∂-√. adn®v Ah-cn¬ A[nIwt]cpw \ne-

hn-ep≈ Zo\n-s\-Øs∂ ]t_m-[n-°m≥ h∂-h-cm-bn-cp∂p

F∂m-Wv. F√m ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw ]tXyIw ]tXyIw Zo≥ D]-

tZ-in-°m≥ h∂-h-cm-sW∂v ap≥I-gn™ alm-∑m¿ ]d-™n- p-

an-√. ]e ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw ]tXyIw ]tXyIw Zo≥ sIm≠p-h-

cm-Ø-h-cm-bn-cp∂p F∂mWv Ah-sc-√m-hcpw ]d-™n-cp-∂-Xv.

Gsd-°psd F√m ap^ ncoß-fp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw CXp- Xs∂-


bm-sW-∂v X vko¿ KŸ-ßƒ hmbn-°p∂ B¿°pw a\- n-

em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ ]hm-

N-I-∑m-cn¬ _lp- q-cn- m-Khpw \ne-hn-ep≈ Zo≥ D]-tZ-in-°m≥

h∂-h-cm-bn-cp∂p F∂p- X-s∂-bmWv B ]hn-X-KŸw

Xs∂bpw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv.

aqkm-\-_n\p tijw Ckm-bo-ey-cn¬ ]e ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw

h∂n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£, XudmØv amX-am-bn-cp∂p Ah-

cpsS \ymb-]-amW KŸw. Jp¿-B≥ Hcn-SØp Cßs\ ]d-

bp-∂p.

\n›-b-ambpw \mw aqkmbv°v KŸw \¬Ip-Ibpw At±-

lsØ XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v ]hm-N-I-∑msc \mw \ntbm-Kn-®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw Cuk-_v\p-a¿b-an\v e£y-ßƒ \¬Ip-

Ibpw sNbvXp. (2:88)

Jp¿-B≥ as‰mcn-SØp C]Imcw ]d-bp-∂p.

\n›-b-ambpw \mw aqkm°p am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬Ip-Ibpw

Ckm-Cu¬ k¥-Xn-Isf B KŸ-Øn\p \mw Ah-Im-in-

I-fm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. (40:54)

CX-bp-a-√, hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥, Jp¿-B-\p- ap-ºp≈ thZ-K-

Ÿ-ambn Xudm-Øn-s\bpw Xudm-Øn-\p-ti-j-ap≈ \ymb-]-

am-W-ambn Jp¿-B-s\bpw amX-amWv \ap°v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®p-

X-cp-∂-Xv. Xudm-Øn-s\-°p-dn®v AXp ]d-bp-∂p.

CXn-∂p-apºv aqkm-bpsS KŸ-amWv hgn-Im- nbpw A\p-K-

lhpw Bbn-cp-∂-Xv. (46:13)


aqkm°p tijw Cd-°-s∏´ KŸw \n›-b-ambpw Rßƒ

tI´p. (46:31)

Cßs\ Ckvdm-Cu-ey-cn¬ A\-h[n ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ h∂n- p-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Xs∂ B

]hm-N-I-∑m¿°v \¬I-s∏´ thZ-KŸw XudmØv amX-am-bn-

cp∂p F∂mWv hy‡-am-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F√m ]hm-N-I-

∑mcpw ]tXyIw ]tXyIw \ymb-]-am-W-ß-fp-ambn h∂-h-c-

s√∂pw Ah-cn¬ an°-hcpw \ne-hn-ep≈ \ymb-]-am-W-ß-fn¬

\n∂-I-∂p-t]mb P\-Xsb Ah-bn-te°v ASp-∏n-°m≥th≠n

h∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂p-amWv sXfn-bp-∂-Xv.

XudmØv Ckm-bo¬ P\-Xsb kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw XnI-

hm¿∂ Hcp KŸ-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.

AXp ]d-bp-∂p.

]ns∂ k¬°¿aw sNøp-∂-h¿°v XnI-hm¿∂Xpw F√m

Imcy-ß-sfbpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb KŸw \mw aqkm

°v \¬In. (6:155)

XudmØv C]-Imcw kIe Imcy-ß-sfbpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂

]cn-]q¿W KŸ-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ckm-Cu-ey¿°p-

th≠n aqkm-\-_n A√msX as‰mcp ]hm-N-I≥ hcm≥ ]mSn-

√m-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, aqkm-\-_n\p tijw At\I ]hm-

N-I-∑m¿ AtX \ymb]am-WsØ \S-Øm-\mbn Ckm-Cuey-

cn¬ Bhn¿ -hn-°p-Ibp≠mbn F∂Xv X¿°-a-‰-Xm-W-t√m.

F√m ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw ]tXyIw ]tXyIw \ymb-]-am-W-

ßƒ sIm≠p-h-∂n- n-s√∂ hkvXpX ap≥I-gn™ alm-∑m¿

G‰p-]-d-™n- p-≈-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn dqlq¬ aB\n F∂

X^vko¿ KŸ-Øn¬ Cßs\ ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.


]áù]Ö†ù‰çÙŸmrg]ámÓçá‘^ug†mÃèÚŠjÏ×è

Ê^áù]æŸ]e†]ânÜÂ×nãÜ]ÖŠù¡ÝÒ^Þç]Â×o]Öþ³þ³†mÃè]hm-N-I≥am¿ ]tXyIw ]tXyIw \ymb-a-]-am-W-tØm-Sp-

Iq-Snb Bfmtb Xocp F∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ C_low \_n-

bpsS k¥m-\-ßƒ At±-l-Øns‚ \ymb-]-am-W-Øn-em-bn-cp-

∂p. (hmeyw 5, `m.186)

Camw k¿Jm\n C]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p:

Î‚ŸmÓçá]ÖßùfoÚŠjÏ¡Ùm^ioÖjÏçmÜ†mÃèÞfoÎf×ä""Nne ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ ]tXyI \ymb-]-amWw C√m-Ø-h-cm-

bn-cn-°pw. Ah-cpsS BK-a\w Xßƒ°p apºv h∂ ]hm-N-

Is‚ \ymb-]-am-WsØ kpÿm-]n-°p-∂-Xn∂pth≠n-bm-bn-

cn-°p-∂-XmWv'' (i-d-lp¬ ahmln_v, hm. 4, `m.74)

Cu kwKXn X vko¿ K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ [mcmfw ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-

s∏- n- p-≠v. ssZ¿Ly- bw \nanØw Rm≥ Ah-sbm∂pw D≤-cn-

°p-∂n-√. F∂m¬, Hcp hkvXpX FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-∂Xv Imcy-K-

l-W-Øn\p klm-b-I-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Icp-Xp-∂p. blvbm, kI-

cn-øm, kpsse-am≥, Aøq-_v, bpkq- v, bAv-°q_v, Ckvlm-Jv,

Ckvam-Cu¬ Ch-sc√mw ]hm-N-I-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v hnip≤

-Jp¿-B≥ ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, Ch¿ sIm≠p-h-∂n- p≈

\ymb-]-am-W-KŸw GXm-sW∂v B¿s°-¶nepw Nq≠n-°m-

Wn-°m≥ Ign-bptam? Zmhq-hv \-_n-bpsS k_q¿ X-s∂bpw

\ymb-]-am-W -K-Ÿ-a-√. [m¿an-I-]m-T-ßfpw kvtXmX-ßfpw

a‰p-a-S-ßnb Hcp KŸ-am-W-Xv. ap≥I-gn™ ]e alm-∑mcpw

Zmhq-Zv \-_n ico-AØv hml-I≥ As√∂pw k_q¿ \ymb-

]-am-W-K-Ÿ-a-s√∂pw ]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. bYm¿Y-Øn¬

C©oepw \ymb-]-am-W-K-Ÿ-a-√. Cu kwKXn Jp¿-B≥ a\-

n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂p-≠v. InkvXy-\n-Ifpw At±-l-sØ-°p-dn®p

\ymb-]-am-W-hm-l-I-\mb ]hm-N-I-s\∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂n-√.

]hm-N-IXzw Jp¿-B-\n¬142Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-am-Is´ "\ymb-]-amWw aqkm aptJ-\bpw

A\p-K-lhpw kXyhpw Cukm- \-_n aptJ-\bpw e`n®p''

F∂-tX. kphn-tijw C]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p: ""\ymb-]-amWw

tami-bn¬ Xc-s∏- p. Ir]bpw kXyhpw tbip-In-kvXp-hn-\m¬

D≠mbn'' (tbm-l-∂m≥, 1, 17) F∂m¬, apkvenw-Iƒ s]mXpsh

hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv Cukm-\-_n ico-AØns‚ ]hmNI-\m-

bn-cp∂p F∂m-Wv. AXp icn-bm-sW∂p k¶-ev]n-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬

Xs∂bpw a‰-\-h[n ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ ]tXy-I-am-sbmcp ico-A-

Øn-√msX \ne-hn-ep≈ \ymb-]-am-WsØ ]t_m-[n-°m≥

h∂-h-cm-bn-cp∂p F∂Xp kphn-Zn-X-am-W-t√m. BI-bm¬ Jp¿-

B≥ ]cn-]q¿W-amb \ymb]amW KŸ-am-b-Xn-\m¬ C\n-

sbmcp \_nbpw hcn-I-bn-s√-t∂m, htc-≠-Xn-s√t∂m ]d-bp-

∂Xp A¿Y-c-ln-X-am-Wv. Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-]q¿W \ymb-]-amW

KŸ-am-b-Xp-sIm-≠v, as‰mcp ]pXnb ico-A-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb "]hm-

N-I-t\m, Jp¿-B-\n¬ t`Z-KXn hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\p A[n-Im-c-ap≈

]hm-N-I-t\m, hcn-I-bn√ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-XmWv icn.

Jp¿-B≥, ]cn-]q¿W-amb \nb-a-imkvX KŸ-am-bn-cn-°-bm¬

as‰mcp \_nbpw hcm≥ ]mSn-s√∂v ]d-bp-∂-h-tcmSv Rßƒ

tNmZn-®p-sIm-≈s´! A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq¬ Bb Cukmho≠pw hcp-sa-∂m-Wt√m \nßƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. hcp∂

Cukm- \-_n \_n Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂v Xncp\_n Xs∂

hy‡-ambn ]kvXm-hn-®n- p-ap-≠v. At±-l-Øns‚ \p_p-∆Øv

At±-l-Øn\v Hcn-°epw \„-s∏-Sp-∂-Xs√∂pw Jp¿-B≥ a\-

nem°nØ-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. ]cn-]q¿W-amb \ymb-]-am-W-Øn-\p-

tijw Hcp \_n°pw hcm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂m-sW-¶n¬ Cukm-\-

_n°p Fßs\ hcm≥ Ignbpw? At±l-Øns‚ Bhn¿`mhw

]tbm-P-\- c-ln-X-amb ]mgvthe Bbn-cn-°ptam? At±lw hcp-

tºmƒ \_n Bbn-cn-°-bn-s√∂v Bsc-¶nepw ]d-bp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

Jp¿-B-\nepw lZo-knepw hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v AXv ]am-Wam-

bn-cn°p∂X-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Aßs\ ]d-bp-∂Xv hnip-≤- Jp¿-


B\pw Xncp-\_n hN-\-ßƒ°pw IS-I-hn-cp-≤-am-Wv. Aßs\

]d-bp-∂-h¿ h√ kzIob XmXv]-cy-ßfpw ]pe¿Øm≥th≠n

A]-Imcw ]d-bp-∂-Xm-sW∂p Icp-Xmt\ \nhr-Øn-bp-≈q.

hnip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n-sebpw \-_n-h-N-\-ß-fn-sebpw ]mT-ßƒ°v

IS-I-hn-cp-≤-ambn ct≠m \mtem Bƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv aX-]-am-

Wtam kzoIm-cytam Bhp-I-bn-√. F∂p amX-a-√, t]cptI´

Nne ]fin-X-∑m¿ Cukm-\-_n aS-ßn-h-cn-Itb Cs√∂pw

At±-l-Øns‚ Bhn¿`m-h-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]h-N-\-ßƒ

kzoIm-cy-a-s√∂pw ]d-bm-dp-≠v. akolv Bhn¿ -hn-°p-sa∂v

A√m-lp-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬ BW-bn- p-sIm-≠mWv Xncp-\-_n]h-N\w sNbvXn- p-≈-Xv. B Znhy-Im-ew- ap-X¬ B ]h-N-\-

ß-fn¬ apkvenw-temIw hniz-kn-®p-h-∂n-cn-°-bp-am-Wv. lZo-kp-

I-fpsS F√m ]_e KŸ-ß-fnepw B ]h-N\w AS-ßn-bn-

´p-ap-≠v. BI-bm¬ ako-lns‚ Ah-X-c-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Xncp-

\-_n-bpsS ]h-N-\sØ X≈n-∏-d-bp-∂Xv F]-Imcw sX‰mb

Hcp Im¬sh-∏mtWm AtX-t]m-se-Xs∂ akolp ho≠pw

h∂m¬ At±lw \_n-bm-bn-cn-°-bn-s√∂p ]d-bp-∂Xpw hnip-

≤- Jp-¿-B\pw \_n-h-N-\-ßƒ°pw XnI®pw FXn-cmb Hcp

hnizm-k-am-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬, ]cn-]q¿W- \ymb-]-am-W-Øn-\p-

tijw Hcp \_n°pw hcm≥ ]mSn√ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xm-bm¬

AtXm-sSm-∏w-Xs∂ akolp hcn-I-bn-s√∂pw ako-lns‚ Ah-

X-c-W-sØ-∏‰n Xncp-\_n ]h-N\w sNbvXXv A_-≤-am-

sW∂pw kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. Npcp-°-Øn¬, ]cn-]q¿W \ymb-

]-amWw Xncp-\-_n aptJ\ \¬I-s∏- Xv B Xncp-\-_n-bpsS

injy\pw B \ymb-]-am-WsØ ]t_m-[n-°m\pw AXn-te°v

a\p-jy-hw-isØ £Wn-°m\pw th≠n BK-X-\m-Ip∂ ]hm-

N-I\pamb Hcp Znhy-]p-cp-js‚ Bhn¿`m-h-Øn∂p Hcn-°epw

]Xn-_-‘-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-X-√.

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