Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
-
Upload
bui-nguyen-thu -
Category
Documents
-
view
245 -
download
0
Transcript of Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
1/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
MC LCTrang
M U 6
I. GII THIU D N 7
I.1. Tn d n 7I.2. Ch d n 7
II. M T D N 7
II.1. V tr a l ca d n 7
II.1.1. Ta cc mc ranh gii 7
II.1.2. Gii cn d n 8
II.2. Nhng thay i v ni dung ca d n 8
II.2.1. H thng x l nc thi 8
II.2.2. H thng thu hi biogas 9
II.2.3. H thng thu gom v thot nc ca Nh my 10
II.3. Cng ngh sn xut Nh my 11
D n ch thay i cng ngh x l nc thi cn cng ngh sn xut ca nh my vn ginguyn, c th: 11
II.3.1. Quy m, sn phm Nh my 11
II.3.2. Cc hng mc cng trnh 18
II.3. Tng mc u t 20II.4. Tin thc hin 21
II.5. T chc sn xut 21
II.5.1. S t chc 21
II.5.2. Bin ch nhn s 22
II.5.3. Ch lm vic 22
III. IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG, KINH T - X HI 22
III.1. Hin trng mi trng 22III.1.1. Cht lng khng kh 22
III.1.2. Cht lng nc 26
III.1.3. Cht lng t 28
IV. NHNG THAY I V TC NG MI TRNG 29
IV.1. Tc ng mi trng trong giai on xy dng d n 29
IV.2. Tc ng mi trng trong qu trnh vn hnh d n 29
n v t v n: TRUNG TM K THU T QUAN TR C MI TR NG Trang 1
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
2/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
IV.2.1. Cc ngun gy tc ng 29
IV.2.2. i tng, quy m b tc ng trong giai on hot ng d n 31
IV.2.3. nh gi tc ng mi trng 32
V. BIN PHP GIM THIU CC TC NG XU TRONG GIAI ON HOTNG 45
V.1. Gim thiu nhim khng kh 45V.1.1. Gim thiu nhim kh thi l hi 45
V.1.2. Gim thiu nhim kh t cng on ln men v chng ct 49
V.1.3. Gim thiu cc cht gy mi 49
V.2. Bin php gim thiu nhim do nc thi 50
V.2.1. H thng x l nc thi sinh hot 50
V.2.2. H thng x l nc thi tp trung 51
V.3. Gim thiu nhim do cht thi rn 60V.3.1. X l b sn 60
V.3.2. Cht thi rn khc 61
V.4. Gii php v sinh v an ton lao ng 62
V.4.1. V sinh lao ng v v sinh thc phm 62
V.4.2. An ton lao ng 62
V.5. Cc bin php ng ph s c chy n 63
VI. CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG 65
VI.1. Chng trnh qun l mi trng 65
VI.1.1. Cc vn mi trng 65
VI.1.2. Cc yu cu lut php v cc yu cu khc 65
VI.1.3. Cc phng hng v mc tiu 66
VI.2. Chng trnh gim st mi trng 66
VI.2.1. Gim st cht lng khng kh v ting n 67
VI.2.2. Gim cht cht lng nc 68
VI.2.3. Gim st cht thi rn 68
VI.3. Kinh ph thc hin cc cng trnh x l mi trng v gim st mi trng 69
KT LUN V KIN NGH 70
1. Kt lun 70
2. Kin ngh 70
n v t v n: TRUNG TM K THU T QUAN TR C MI TR NG Trang 2
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
3/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
DANH MC BNGBng 1: Thnh phn kh Biogas................................................................................................10
Bng 2: Cht lng v quy cch ca sn phm.........................................................................12
Bng 3: Cc hng mc cng trnh xy dng giai on I ..........................................................19
Bng 4: Chi ph u t cho d n..............................................................................................20
Bng 5: Tin trin khai d n xy dng Nh my Bio-Ethanol...........................................21
Bng 6: Kt qu cht lng khng kh khu vc d n (thng 4/2010).....................................23
Bng 7: Kt qu cht lng khng kh khu vc d n (thng 4/2009).....................................24
Bng 8: Kt qu cht lng nc ngm khu vc d n (thng 4/2010)...................................26
Bng 9: Kt qu cht lng nc ngm khu vc d n (thng 4/2009)...................................27
Bng 10: Kt qu cht lng t khu vc d n (ngy 16/4/2010)..........................................28
Bng 11: Kt qu cht lng t khu vc d n (ngy 16/4/2009)..........................................28
Bng 12: Cc ngun gy tc ng v cht gy nhim mi trng khng kh .......................30
Bng 13: Cc ngun gy tc ng v cht gy nhim mi trng nc................................31
Bng 14: i tng, quy m b tc ng trong giai on hot ng........................................31
Bng 15: H s nhim i vi qu trnh t than .................................................................32
Bng 16: Nng cc cht nhim kh thi l hi..................................................................33
Bng 17: Tc ng ca cc cht nhim khng kh ................................................................38
Bng 18: Nng ca nc thi dch hm cha x l.............................................................39
Bng 19: H s nhim do mi ngi hng ngy sinh hot a vo mi trng (nc thisinh hot cha qua x l)..........................................................................................................40
Bng 20: Ti lng v nng cc cht nhim sinh ra t nc thi sinh hot (cha qua xl) trong giai on hot ng ca Nh my .............................................................................40
Bng 21: Nng cc cht nhim trong nc ma chy trn ..............................................41
Bng 22: Tc ng ca cc cht nhim trong nc thi........................................................42
Bng 23: Cc s liu u vo tnh ton m hnh.......................................................................45
Bng 24: Kt qu tnh ton cao ng khi v nng cc i ti mt t............................46
Bng 25: Lu lng cc dng nc thi ca Nh my.............................................................51Bng 26: Nng cc cht nhim ca nc dch hm cha x l........................................52
Bng 27: Danh mc cc hng mc, thit b...............................................................................59
Bng 28: Chng trnh gim st mi trng d kin cho Nh my.........................................67
Bng 29: Kinh ph d kin cho cc cng trnh x l mi trng..............................................69
n v t v n: TRUNG TM K THU T QUAN TR C MI TR NG Trang 3
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
4/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
DANH MC HNHHnh 1: S khi lu trnh sn xut Bio-Ethanol ca Nh my sn xut Bio-Ethanol .........14
Hnh 2: S t chc Nh my Bio-Ethanol............................................................................21
Hnh 3: Kt qu tnh pht tn nhim bi t kh thi l hi.....................................................35
Hnh 4: Biu phn b nng bi theo hng gi .............................................................35
Hnh 5: Kt qu tnh pht tn nhim SO2 t kh thi l hi...................................................35
Hnh 6: Biu phn b nng SO2 theo hng gi ...........................................................36
Hnh 7: Kt qu tnh pht tn nhim kh NO2 t kh thi l hi............................................36
Hnh 8: Biu phn b nng NO2 theo hng gi ..........................................................36
Hnh 9: S h thng x l bi t kh thi l hi..................................................................47
Hnh 10: Nguyn l cu to h thng lc bi l hi.................................................................47
Hnh 11: Ton b h thng lc bi l hi.................................................................................48
Hnh 12: S h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca Nh my.............................................52
Hnh 13: B tuyn ni DAF......................................................................................................55
Hnh 14: B SAR.......................................................................................................................55
Hnh 15: S h thng x l bn cn.....................................................................................58
Hnh 16: H thng sy sn phm b hm kh...........................................................................61
n v t v n: TRUNG TM K THU T QUAN TR C MI TR NG Trang 4
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
5/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
CC CH VIT TT
BOD : Nhu cu oxy sinh hc
BTNMT : B Ti nguyn & Mi trng
CDM : C ch pht trin sch
COD : Nhu cu oxy ha hcCP : C phn
DO : Oxy ha tan
TM : nh gi tc ng mi trng
VT : n v tnh
EMC : Trung tm K thut Quan trc Mi trng
KKT : Khu kinh t
NMLD : Nh my lc duN-CP : Ngh nh Chnh ph
KPH : Khng pht hin
PCCC : Phng chy cha chy
QCVN : Quy chun Vit Nam
Q : Quyt nh
SS : Cht rn l lng
TCVN : Tiu chun Vit Nam
TP : Thnh ph
VOC : Cht hu c d bay hi
VN : Vit Nam ng
UBND : y ban Nhn dn
WHO : T chc Y t th gii
XLNT : X l nc thi
n v t v n: TRUNG TM K THU T QUAN TR C MI TR NG Trang 5
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
6/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
M U
D n Nh my sn xut Bio-Ethanol c u t bi Cng ty C phn Nhinliu sinh hc Du kh min Trung thuc Tp on du kh quc gia Vit Nam. D n c y ban Nhn dn tnh Qung Ngi cp Quyt nh s 1015/Q-UBND ngy
25/6/2009 v vic ph duyt bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng.Trong qu trnh trin khai d n, Cng ty C phn Nhin liu sinh hc Du kh
min Trung gp kh khn trong vic gii phng mt bng. Trn c s chp thun caTp on du kh Vit Nam v y ban nhn dn tnh Qung Ngi, Ban qun l Khukinh t Dung Qut iu chnh a im u t d n Nh my sn xut Bio-Ethanol nhin liu. Vi s thay i a im d n, Cng ty C phn Nhin liu sinhhc Du kh min Trung tin hnh lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng bsung v c y ban nhn dn tnh Qung Ngi ph duyt ti vn bn s 1657/Q-
UBND ngy 23/10/2009.Tuy nhin, sau khi xem xt v tnh ton mi tng quan gia li ch kinh t v
bo v mi trng, Ch u t thy rng cng ngh c c bc hi khng em lihiu qu nh mong mun. ng thi theo ch o ca Tp on Du kh Vit Namyu cu cn thit phi c s ng nht v quy trnh, cng ngh sn xut cng nhcng ngh x l cht thi ca cc Nh my sn xut Nhin liu sinh hc ca Tpon.
V vy, Cng ty C phn Nhin liu sinh hc Du kh min Trung quyt nhiu chnh cng ngh x l nc thi ca Nh my sn xut Bio-Ethanol, chuyn tcng ngh c c bc hi sang cng ngh x l sinh hc, ng thi tin hnh k kthp ng vi Trung tm K thut Quan trc Mi trng lp bo co nh gi tcng mi trng b sung theo quy nh ti im a khon 1 iu 13 ca Ngh nh s80/2006/N-CP ngy 09 thng 8 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit vhng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v mi trng. S Ti nguyn v Mitrng tnh Qung Ngi l n v c chc nng t chc thm nh v tham mu cho
UBND tnh Qung Ngi cp Quyt nh ph duyt Bo co TM ny.
n v t v n: TRUNG TM K THU T QUAN TR C MI TR NG Trang 6
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
7/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
I. GII THIU D N
I.1. Tn d n
D N U T XY DNG CNG TRNHNH MY SN XUT BIO - ETHANOL
I.2. Ch d nCng ty C phn Nhin liu sinh hc Du kh min Trung
a ch: S 01 An Dng Vng - TP Qung Ngi - tnh Qung Ngi
Tng Gim c: ng H S Long
in thoi: 055.3714180 3714181 Fax: 055.3714182
II. M T D N
II.1. V tr a l ca d n
Nh my sn xut Bio-Ethanol nm trn khu t c din tch 24 ha, thuc i 1& 2, thn ng L, x Bnh Thun, huyn Bnh Sn, tnh Qung Ngi.
II.1.1. Ta cc mc ranh gii
Giai on I: Din tch t l 14,87ha, vi ta cc mc ranh gii (VN2000) nh sau:
M1 (170007.27; 587154.94)
M2 (1699927.28; 587465.69)M3 (1700225.06; 587602.80)
M4 (1700231.69; 587600.35)
M5 (1700365.12; 587310.38)
M6 (1700358.07; 587296.41)
M7 (1700204.99; 587243.81)
M2' (1699824.30; 587418.27)M13' (1699975.05; 587090.81)
M13 (1700002.35; 587087.24)
Giai on II: Din tch t l 9,13 ha, vi ta cc mc ranh gii (VN2000) nhsau:
M2' (1699824.30; 587418.27)
n v t v n: TRUNG TM K THU T QUAN TR C MI TR NG Trang 7
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
8/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
M8 (1699772.18; 587394.27)
M9 (1699729.72; 587389.68)
M10 (1699606.01; 587431.88)
M11 (1699567.63; 587144.12)
M12 (1699731.58; 587122.67)
M13' (1699975.05; 587090.81)
II.1.2. Gii cn d n
- Pha ng cch hnh lang tuyn ng ca NMLD khong 90m;
- Pha Ty cch tuyn ng V Vn Kit khong 800m;
- Pha Bc gip ng dn sinh v i ni thn ng L;
- Pha Nam gip vi khu t quy hoch khu ho cht ha du.
(S v tr d n nh km phn ph lc)
II.2. Nhng thay i v ni dung ca d n
D n u t xy dng cng trnh Nh my sn xut Bio-Ethanol ca Cng tyCP Nhin liu sinh hc Du kh min Trung c s iu chnh v cng ngh x lnc thi t cng ngh c c bc hi sang cng ngh x l sinh hc.
II.2.1. H thng x l nc thi
(1). Khi qut cng ngh x l nc thi bng phng php c c bc hi
Hm thi qua ly tm c bm i lm ngui bng thit b trao i nhit dngtm nhm h nhit xung 36 - 40 0C v c iu ha H iu ha. Ti Hiu ha, nc thi c khy trn v sc kh lin tc lm gim mt phn nng COD, BOD v trnh hin tng ln men ym kh xy ra. Sau hm thi c bmln 08 bn x l k kh thu hi Biogas. Khi i qua lp bn k kh, cc cht hu c s
b phn hy nh enzyme c tit ra t chnh t bo vi sinh vt, ln men mtan. Kt
qu ca qu trnh phn hy ny to ra cc axt bo d bay hi, nc, kh mtan v cckh khc. Kh mtan bay ln c thu hi lm nhin liu cho l hi. Nc thi saux l ym kh s c chuyn sang cng on c c bc hi.
Nc thi c c c theo phng thc trao i nhit ngc chiu trong hthng bc hi nhiu ni kiu mng ri ni tip nhau. Ni cui cng c gia nhittrc tip bng hi, cc ni cn li c gia nhit bng chnh ni hi trc . Phn
n v t v n: TRUNG TM K THU T QUAN TR C MI TR NG Trang 8
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
9/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
Xyr thu c t qu trnh c c s c bn cho cc n v bao tiu nh k thugom cung cp cho cc c s sn xut phn bn.
(2). Khi qut cng ngh x l nc thi bng phng php sinh hc
Cng ngh x l nc thi bng phng php sinh hc ca Nh my Bio-
Ethanol c m t qua 4 giai on: X l bc 1 (x l s b):
- Thit b trao i nhit (TN)
- B iu tit 1 (iu chnh nhit , pH v lu lng nc thi)
- Thit b tch SS kiu lng quay (FRG)
- Tuyn ni cp 1
- B phn hu k kh thu hi Mtan (b SAR, UASB) X l bc 2
- B iu tit 2
- B x l hiu kh sc kh.
- B lng
X l bc 3
- Tuyn ni cp 2- Lc ct
- Kh trng, lm sch nc thi
X l bn
Nn p v tch nc lm gim m ca bn bng my p bn bng ti.
Nc thi sau x l t cht lng nc x thi theo QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT,ct B (Kq = 0,9, Kf = 1) - Nc thi cng nghip.
II.2.2. H thng thu hi biogas
Biogas sinh ra t qu trnh phn hy k kh cc cht hu c trong b SAR vUASB. Tng lng Biogas sinh ra c tnh trn 70.000 Nm3/ngy (t b SAR: 64.000
Nm3/ngy, UASB: 6.000 Nm3/ngy). Lng kh Biogas thu c t cc b k khc dn qua h thng ra H2S v tch nc, sau c cha trong thng cha
biogas trc khi vn chuyn n l hi.
n v t v n: TRUNG TM K THU T QUAN TR C MI TR NG Trang 9
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
10/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
Khi l hi gp s c hay lng kh Biogas sinh ra d so vi nhu cu hin tica l hi th lc kh Biogas s c t ti uc, ti uc c trang b thit b nhla t ng c kh nng t ng t chy khi c kh Biogas d. m bo tnh anton cho h thng x l, khong cch t uc t n cc cng trnh nh sau:
- Khong cch n ngun in t nht 20m
- Khong cch n khu vc kho cha cc cht gy chy t nht 50m
- Khong cch n b x l k kh 25m.
Bng 1: Thnh phn kh Biogas
Thnh phn T l
CH4 55%-60%
CO2 38%-43%
N2 0,3%H2 0,1%
H2S 0,2%
Ngun: Bo co thuyt minh cng ngh XLNT, nm 2010
II.2.3. H thng thu gom v thot nc ca Nh my
H thng thot nc ca Nh my c thit k m bo thu gom ton b ncthi, nc ma chy trn qua cc khu vc. Ton b nc ma nhim bn v nc thi
ca Nh my sau khi c thu gom v x l s dn vo h thng thot nc chungD2000.
Chi tit thit k h thng cng D2000 vi cc h ga v kt cu cng c thhin trong bn v thit k chi tit tuyn cng D2000.
(S thit k h thng cng thot nc D2000 nh km phn ph lc).
(1). Thot nc ma
Nc ma chy qua cc khu vc khng b nhim bn bi du m, ho cht sc thu gom vo cc rnh thot nc dc theo cc con ng bao xung quanh Nhmy. H thng thot nc ma c xy bng b tng chu lc, nc chy trn sc thu gom v c cc song chn loi b cn, rc bn trc khi chy vo h thngcng thot nc chung ca Nh my.
Nc ma chy qua cc khu vc c kh nng nhim nh: Khu vc thng chasn phm ethanol, khu vc cha DDFS, khu cha ho chts c thu gom vo cc
n v t v n: TRUNG TM K THU T QUAN TR C MI TR NG Trang 10
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
11/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
rnh b tr xung quanh v vo mt h thu sau s c bm n phn xng xl nc thi tp trung ca Nh my.
(2). Thot nc thi
Nc thi t cc phn xng, nc thi nhim du t cc khu vc sn xut,
nc thi sinh hotc thu gom vo h thng cng rnh thot nc v chy voh thu, sau c bm n phn xng x l nc thi chung ca Nh my.
Ton b nc thi ca Nh my c thu gom v h thng x l tp trung,nc thi sau khi x l t QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT ct B, s c bm vo h thngcng thot nc thi D2000.
Nc thi sau khi c bm vo h thng cng D2000 s chy vo h thngthot nc chung dc tuyn Tr Bnh-Cng Dung Qut. Ti v tr x vo h thngmng thot nc ca Khu kinh t Dung Qut b tr cc h ga gim lu lng vthu gom cn, cng nh lm v sinh v d bo tr khi cn thit.
V tr u ni vo h thng thot nc chung tuyn Tr Bnh-Cng Dung Qutc ch ra trong bn v nh km.
(S v tr u ni thot nc thi nh km phn ph lc)
II.3. Cng ngh sn xut Nh my
D n ch thay i cng ngh x l nc thi cn cng ngh sn xut ca nh
my vn gi nguyn, c th:II.3.1. Quy m, sn phm Nh my
(1). Quy m sn xut
Cng sut nh my: 100.000.000 lt Bio-Ethanol/nm, trong :
Nguyn liu chnh: Sn lt
Nhu cu sn lt: 240.000 tn/nm,
Ngun thu mua nguyn liu ti khu vc Ty Nguyn v Nam Trung B.(2). Sn phm ca d n
(a) Sn phm chnh
- Sn phm chnh ca d n l: Bio-Ethanol ( 99,8%v/v): 100.000.000 lt/nm.
- Cht lng v quy cch ca sn phm Bio-Ethanol nhin liu nh sau:
n v t v n: TRUNG TM K THU T QUAN TR C MI TR NG Trang 11
-
8/2/2019 Dtmbs Bio-ethanol Da Chinh Sua
12/71
BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TR NG B SUNG Nh my s n xu t Bio-Ethanol
Bng 2: Cht lng v quy cch ca sn phm
Ch tiu Cht
lng
Ethanol (% th tch) >92,1%
Methanol (% th tch)