DPR examen
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1. Noțiunea Dreptului privat roman: Totalitatea normelor de conduita instituite si sanctionate de statul roman, adunate intr-un sistem format din mai multe ramuri si institutii juridice. Putem spune ca o perioada indelungata de timp romanii confundau principi ile religioase cu cele de drept si morala. Acel set de regu li ce po ate fi numit dreptul roman s-a constituit timp de 13 secole, de la fondarea Romei (754 i.Hr) si pina la sfirsitul domniei imparatului Iustinian (565 d.HR). Totusi romanii nu au stabilit o stricta definitie a dreptului doar citiva din juristi au inainta t propri ile teor ii privi nd ceea ce num im drept. Celsus s punea ca “dreptul este arta binelui si a echitatii” analizind aceasta expresie deducem faptul ca juristul dat a pus accent pe normele de morala si nu pe cele de drept. O alta definitie de data a ceasta a lui Ulpian include principiie dreptului de a “trai in m od onorabil, a nu vatama pe altul, a da fiecaruia ce este al sau” Analizind si aceasta definitie confirmam cele spuse mai sus privitor la ceea ca ro manii confundau normele de m orala cu cele de drept “ a trai in mod onorabil, a nu vatama pe a ltul” fiind norme de morala iar “a da fiecaruia ce este al sau” o norma de drept propriu -zis. 2. Dreptul public roman și dreptul privat roman. In viziunea jurisconsultului roman Ulpian „dreptul public este cel care se refera la organizarea statului roman, iar dreptul privat la interesele fiecaruia” Dupa sfera de reglementare dreptul privat era alcatuit dintr-un ansamblu de norme juridice care reglementeaza relatiile dintre persoane; iar dreptul public c uprinde norme care se r efera la conducerea statului, f unction area organelor de stat, relatiile dintre stat si persoane. Dupa felul normelor dreptul privat e alcatuit din norme flexibile, care au caracter dispozitiv(permisiv) si pot fi modificate la vointa partilor; in dreptul public normele sunt rigi de, cu caracter imperati v, ce n u pot fi m odificate la vointa partilor. Dupa structura dreptul privat se divide in patru parti: dreptul civil, dreptul gintilor, dreptul natural si dreptul pretorian; in dreptul public o asemenea divizare lipseste. Dupa importanta dreptul privat este actual chiar si dupa 2000 de ani; dreptul public prezinta mai put in interes pentru stiinta d reptulu i deoare ce pe parcurs ul anilo r drept ul public roman a suferi t multe s chimba ri, pierzi ndu-si astfel din actualitate. Ce tine de apararea drepturilor incalcate, apararea interesului privat se facea la cererea persoanei ale carei drepturi au fost incalcate, in baza unui proces civil; in cazul incalcarii unui interes public, organele statului intervin pentru
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