Crátillo tradução e estudo

download Crátillo tradução e estudo

of 200

Transcript of Crátillo tradução e estudo

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    1/200

    UNIVERSIDADE DE SO PAULOFACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CINCIAS HUMANAS

    DEPARTAMENTO DE LETRAS CLSSICAS E VERNCULAS

    REA DE PS-GRADUAO EM LNGUA E LITERATURA GREGA

    LUCIANO FERREIRA DE SOUZA

    PLATO

    Crtilo

    Estu! " T#$u%&!

    Exemplar Revisado

    S&! P$u'!()*)

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    2/200

    (

    PLATO

    Crtilo

    Estu! " T#$u%&!

    Lu+$! F"##"#$ " S!u.$

    Exemplar Revisado

    Dss"#t$%&! $/#"s"t$$ $! P#!0#$1$ "P2s-G#$u$%&! "1 L"t#$s C'3ss+$s $

    F$+u'$" " F'!s!4$, L"t#$s " C5+$sHu1$$s $ U6"#s$" " S&! P$u'!,

    /$#$ $ !7t"%&! ! t8tu'! " M"st#" "1L"t#$s9

    O#"t$!#: P#!49 D#9 ;!s< At=! A'6"sT!##$!

    S&! P$u'!()*)

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    3/200

    >

    Para ser imortal, uma obra precisa ter tantas qualidades, que no fcil encontrar algum capaz devalorizar todas; entretanto, uma qualidade reconhecida e valorizada por determinada pessoa, outra

    qualidade, por outra pessoa. ssim, no decorrer dos sculos, em meio a interesses que variamcontinuamente, obtm!se afinal a cota"o da obra, a medida que ela apreciada ora num sentido, ora em

    outro, sem nunca esgotar!se por completo.#

    $chopenhauer, AA#t" " Es+#"6"#

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    4/200

    ?

    AGRADECIMENTOS

    A! /#!4"ss!# ;!s< At=! A'6"s T!##$!, @u" "s" ! 8+! $/!t!u !s +$1!s, $

    1$!#$ $s 6"."s !s 1$s 48+"s9

    B C$1'$ Z$!, 1$ $10$ ! 0#"0!, 1"t" +!1/$t86"', @u" s/"s!u

    1!1"t!s /#"+!s!s " s"u t"1/! /$#$ $0u"t$# $s '$1#$s "t#"1$$s " @u$! /"s$6$

    "1 "sst#, " " "+t$%&! 131$, @u$! !6" "t#" ". 4#$s"s 6$1 $+!1/$$$s $

    /$'$6#$ Crtilo, @u" s"1/#" $+#"t!u ! 1"u t#$7$'! +!1! t#$ut!#, @u" 1" "$ $s

    1"'!#"s '"17#$%$s ! 3#u! +$1! " $/#".$! $ '80u$ 0#"0$, s"1/#" s/!st$ $

    "+$#$# !#$s t"##u/t$s " "stu!, @u" 4$+'1"t" #"su1" ! @u" s" "t"" /!# $1.$"9

    A! ;"##, $1$t" " P'$t&!, @u" u#$t" t!! ! /"#+u#s! /#!1"t"u @u" '"#$ ! 3'!0!

    /$#$ s+ut-'! +!10!999 /!s

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    5/200

    J

    RESUMO

    O /#"s"t" t#$7$'! t"1 +!1! !7"t6! !4"#"+"# u1$ t"#/#"t$%&! s!7#" ! /#!7'"1$ $

    +$1$$ +!##"%&! !s !1"s, /#"s"t" ! 3'!0! Crtilo" P'$t&!9 P$#t! $ s+uss&!

    "t#" S2+#$t"s " s"us t"#'!+ut!#"s, H"#120""s " C#3t'!, s!7#" $ @u"st&!, @u"

    $/$#"t"1"t" "st3 $/"$s u1 K17t! '0u8st+!, 6"#"1!s +!1! s" 3 $ t#$s%&! /$#$ !

    /'$! !t!'20+! " 0!s"!'20+! $ @u"st&! !s !1"s9 M$ /#!/!st$ " '"tu#$, /!#t$t!, 8- D"1'(d......................................................................... I8

    -timoGcosmoHlogias 7>'(e 9 >)'e......................................................................................... I=

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    8/200

    INTRODUO

    O /#"s"t" t#$7$'! s!7#" ! Crtilo/!ssu !s !7"t6!s +'$#!s9 P!# u1 '$!, "'"

    !4"#"+" $ t#$u%&! t"0#$' ! 3'!0! " !ut#!, "'" /#!/" $ su$ t"#/#"t$%&! @u", "1 '$s

    0"#$s, /#"t"" s+ut# +!1! !s t"1$s @u" "'" s&! t#$t$!s $#t+u'$1-s" "1 4u%&! " u1$

    "st#utu#$ @u" /"#1t" u1$ +!1/#""s&! t!t$' ! 3'!0!9 E6"t"1"t", 4$'$1!s "1 u1$

    t"#/#"t$%&!, /!s s$7"1!s @u" $ 77'!0#$4$ "+$$ $! 3'!0!, $'

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    9/200

    W

    I

    Sobre a correo dos nomes, ou o orculo de Crtilo(383a - 39c!

    C!1/$#$! ! 8+! ! Crtilo)$ !ut#!s 3'!0!s /'$t=+!s, "6"-s" /#1"#$1"t"

    !7s"#6$# ! s"u +!1"%! u1 t$t! +!6"+!$'9 E1 !ss! 3'!0!, ! "+!t#! "t#" $s

    /"#s!$0"s s" 3 /!# $4$" t"13t+$, /!s s$7"1!s, $ /$#t# " su$ /#1"#$ 4#$s", @u" $

    s+uss&!, XY [\]^, 3 s" +$#$ $t"s @u" S2+#$t"s t!1$ss" /$#t" "'$, 8+! @u" !s $, " su$ "t1!'!0$ +$#3 u1$ #"'$%&! " 0u$'$" "t#" "'" " s"u 4'!, "/#"ss$

    $t#$6

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    31/200

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    32/200

    >(

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    33/200

    >>

    ~ &-. (&+,

    oaacXy^k oahp]Xa

    Xy ]p p^X^vj hk (&+,Xh[hvXac

    F! Z"us,

    @u" tu! 4$. " +$us$ tu!,

    /!s $$ $+!t"+" $!s 1!#t$s s"1 Z"us9

    s@u'!,gam@mnon*?J-*?

    Ass1 +!1! /$#$ ! /$ " O#"st"s !u6" u1 !1" $t#7u8! +!##"t$1"t", t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    34/200

    >?

    "st36"s, /#""+"#$1 !s @u"st!s /#!/!st!s: 3 u1$ #"'$%&! '20+$ "t#" $ 1$"#$ +!1! s&!

    "s+#t!s " !s !1"s @u" '"s s&! $t#7u8!s, !u s"$, 6"#4+$-s" "1 s"us !1"s u1$

    "t$" 4!#1$' "t#" $ #"/#"s"t$%&! ! s"# " $ 1$"#$ +!1! "'" < "!1$! /!# s"#"1

    "t"#!s, /!ssu"1 u1 "st$7'$" "1 s"u s"#, !u s"$, u1$ "ss5+$ 1ut36"', '6#" $ "$ "

    1!7'$" ", /!# su$s "s+#%"s, /!"1!s #"+!"+"#-'"s +!1! $s 6$"s @u" s&!9

    /nomatomancia, ou a ins>irao de ?uti.ron

    A! ust4+$# $s "t1!'!0$s /#"+""t"s, P'$t&! #"+!##"#$ $! 1t!, t$' +!1! "s+#t!

    !s 6"#s!s " H!1"#!, " H"s8!! " $s t#$0

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    35/200

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    36/200

    >

    6$"s +u'tu$s " $'0us 73#7$#!s, $ss!+$$s $! "s'!+$1"t! @u" ! s!', $ 'u$, $ t"##$ "

    !s $st#!s 4$."1 $! +#u.$# ! +

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    37/200

    >

    !#0"1 $ /$'$6#$ u1"s, $ss!+$!-$ s$7"!#$, za0g^hj, " !" t"#$ su#0! !

    t"#1! za1g^aj, #"4"#5+$ 4"t$ /!# S2+#$t"s $ u1$ !+!##5+$ ! t"#1! 1$s $t0$ @u" $

    ut'.$$ $0!#$, 6"#4+$$ $ 1u$%$ ! m /$#$ c9 R"+!##"! $ H"s8!! /$#$ ust4+3-'$,

    P'$t&! +t$ s"us 6"#s!s, +!1 u1$ /"@u"$ $'t"#$%&!:

    *s trabalhos e os dias, *(*-*(> Crtilo, >W$

    aXp 234. 5X^X^ ]^j baX 6-7 b}[kh, aXp 234&5X^X^ ]^j baX 897#b[kh,

    X^ g zayg^hj |]^ 23&inc^c ba[^Xac ^ g zag^hj |]^ :39i\c^c ba[^Xac,

    ei[^y, `[h{ybab^c, [abhj imXq `ipod ei[^, `[h{bab^c, [abhj imXq `ipfod

    E1 s"0u$, @u$! $ t"##$ $ "st$ #$%$ +!7#u E1 s"0u$, @u$! ! "st! $ "st$ #$%$ +!7#u

    s&! +$1$!s u1"s s$0#$!s "/+t=!s, s&! +$1$!s u1"s s$0#$!s "/+t=!s,

    !7#"s, #"/"'" 1$'"s, 0u$#"s !s !1"s 1!#t$s !7#"s, #"/"'" 1$'"s, 0u$#"s !s !1"s 1!#t$s

    Os 6"#s!s "s2+!s, @u" "s+#"6"1 ! 1t! $s #$%$s, s&! "/'+$!s /!# S2+#$t"s /!#

    +!'!+$#"1 "1 /!'!s !/!st!s !s +!sttut"s $ +$t"0!#$ $0!#$ "s+#t$, st$t" u1 !s

    !ut#!s /"'$ +!##"s/!5+$ 1"t3'+$ @u" !s +$#$+t"#.$1, $ s$7"#, " u1 '$! !s @u"

    /"#t"+"1 #$%$ " !u#!, 7!$ " 7"'$, $0#u/$! /!#t$t! !s /!#t$!#"s " u1$ 6#tu"

    "#"t" $! "us"s, $'+$%36"' $!s !1"s ! !ut#! '$! !s !1"s, 8+! /$#$ S2+#$t"s

    @u" "'" "6" /"#t"+"# $ #$%$ " 4"##!, /!# st$+$#-s" ! /$# 6#tu!s! 7!1 7"'!9 A'W+9 S2+#$t"s +$

    $ "/'+$%&! $/#!1$! ! !1" $ s"1"us"s, gih^c, $$'!0$ #"'"6$t", $ 1"$ @u"

    "/'+$ $ 6s&! "st"t" /$#$ !s 0#"0!s "t#" $s 6$"s " !s !1"s9 O "#2 < $@u"'"

    s"# 6.$! $/2s $ su$ 1!#t", "@u$t! ! s"1"us, 4#ut! $ #"'$%&! " u1 "us +!1 u1$

    1!#t$', !u 6+"-6"#s$, 3 t#$. +!s0! "ss" +$#3t"# 6!9 E17!#$ s" stu"1 "t#" !s +$1/!s

    $ 1!#t$'$" " $ 1!#t$'$", !s "#2s s" s"#"1 u1 1u! t"#1"3#! "t#" "us"s

    " !1"s, /!ssu! +$#$+t"#8st+$s " $17!s, 1$s s"1 @u" $$ u1$ "t4+$%&! +!1"u1 !s !s /!'!s9 Ess" +$#3t"# t#$st2#! < ! 1"s1! $/#"s"t$! "1 *s trabalhos e os

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    38/200

    >

    dias " H"s8!!, 69 *JW-*):

    `zpq pd ihv^ ]^j, ^ ba[^Xac

    gyih^c, op^Xpm ]hh baX ohyp^a ]ava9

    A #$%$ 6$ " !1"s "#2s, !s @u$s s&! +$1$!s

    s"1-"us"s, 0"#$%&! $t"#!# s!7#" $ t"##$ s"1 '1t"s9

    A+#"t$! @u" ! t#$t$1"t! "t1!'20+! !s !1"s t"1 /!# !7"t6! #"6"'$# $

    6"#$" ! !1", $ /!ss7'$" " 7us+$# 4"#"t"s 6"#$"s "1 u1 1"s1! t"#1!

    $ss!+$!-! $ u1 1t!, /!# ""1/'! $ut!#.$ S2+#$t"s $ /#!/!#, t$t! $@u +!1! "1 !ut#!s

    !1"s $$'s$!s, 1$s " u1$ "t1!'!0$9 N&! $+#"t$1!s @u" ss! 1!st#" u1$ +"#t$

    +!sst5+$ 1"t!!'20+$ /!# /$#t" " P'$t&!9 S" "1 $'0us +$s!s ! #"su't$! /!ss$ /$#"+"#

    +!sst"t", "6"1!s $t"t$# @u" "'" s" 1!st#$ "4+$. "@u$t! 1WW+9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    39/200

    >W

    #lma e Cor>o

    O 0#u/! " /$'$6#$s $$'s$! /!# S2+#$t"s $/#"s"t$, s"0u! H"#120""s, u1$

    s"@u5+$ $tu#$' !s !1"s /#"+""t"s9 P$#$ "'", "st" $'0! ! !1"1 @u" /!"1!s

    "!1$# $'1$ " +!#/!, s"! @u" /$#$ ! /#1"#! t"#1! u$s "t1!'!0$s s"#&! $$s: u1$,

    s"! "/'+$$ 4$+" su$ +!%&! 6$, !ut#$, su$ +!%&! u1$$9 O @u"st!$1"t!

    " P'$t&! s!7#" $ +!%&! ! !1"1 " s"u "st!, $'

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    40/200

    ?)

    $'t"#$!, S2+#$t"s #"+!##" $ t#5s "t1!'!0$s: $ ! +!#/! < ! t1u'! $ $'1$ 7 ! +!#/! < !

    s$' $ $'1$ + s"0u! !s 2#4+!s, ! +!#/! < ! +3#+"#" $ $'1$9

    A "4%&! $/#"s"t$$ "1 $ !0$ +!1 $ s"1"'$%$ "st"t" "t#" $s /$'$6#$s

    eqga " ega, /$#$'"'! "+!t#$! t$17> U1$ $3's" "t$'$$ "st$ "t1!'!0$ " su$s 1/'+$%"s /$#$ $ 4'!s!4$ /'$t=+$, s!7#"tu! "1 #"'$%&! $!ut#!s 3'!0!s !" ! t"1$ t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    41/200

    ?*

    *"3 Etimoteo:loias (0;b - 0;d!

    os descendentes dos deuses,

    parentes de eus, a quem pertence o altar

    de eus ancestral no 2onte &da, l nas alturas

    7epblica, &&&

    A! t#$t$# $ '$0"1 $t"#!# $!s $t#$s, S2+#$t"s 6"st0$#$ u1$ /$#t" $

    "s+"5+$ 6$ "ss"s "#2s O#"st"s-A0$15!-At#$s +u$ &! '"17#$%$ $0""$'!0$ "s2+$ ! 1/"u @u" #"1!t$ss" s 6$"s @u" '" $t"+""#$1, Z"us

    C#!! U#$!9 H"#120""s, +u$ +#"s+"t" $6". /!# +!"+"# $ +!##"%&! !s !1"s !

    t!1$#$, /"" $ S2+#$t"s @u" $ss1 +!1! 4."#$ $ #"s/"t! ! !1" " Z"us, /$ss" "1 6st$

    $0!#$ !s !1"s $!s $!s !ut#!s "us"s, 6"st0$! ! 1!! " su$ +!##"%&!9 O /"! s"#3

    $+"t! s!7 u$s +!%"s: $ /#1"#$, @u" ! "$1" s" 4$%$ t"! "1 1"t" @u" $$ " $$

    < s$7! "1 #"'$%&! $!s "us"s, "1 s!7#" s"us !1"s, "1 $ 4!#1$ @u" +$1$1 $ s

    1"s1!s $ s"0u$, s" s" @u"# 4$."# $ 6"st0$%&! " s"us !1"s, @u" s"$ 4"t$ t"! "1

    +!t$ $ !/&! !s !1"s9

    A /#1"#$ +!%&! t#$. +!s0! u$s +!s"@u5+$s: $$ s" s$7" " $$ s" /!"

    s$7"# $ #"s/"t! " t$s "us"s, +'u! ! 1!! +!1! s" +$1$1 !u "6"1 s"# +$1$!s

    "t#"t$t!, ! 1!! " $$'s$# $ su$ +!##"%&! < s"0u# $ !/&! !s !1"s " ut'.$# $ 4!#1$

    +!1! !s "us"s s&! +$1$!s $s /#"+"s9

    @Astia

    O "$1" ! /#1"#! !1" $! $ u1$ 6$" !'81/+$ "6", s"0u! S2+#$t"s,

    s"# 4"t! baX XY \g^ ?)*7, !u s"$, " $+!#! +!1 ! +!stu1" !u +!1 $ '" $ss1, s" '(

    Ass1 +!1! $ 6eogonia, L"t! < u1 !1" "/'+$! $ /$#t# $ !%u#$ " 7!$"

    $ "us$, @u" $t" $ "+"ss$" u1$$, +!s"t" " 7!1 0#$!, ih[g^a9 Et#"t$t!,

    u1$ !ut#$ "t1!'!0$ < /#!/!st$, 7$s"$$ $ /#!+$ "st#$0"#$ ! !1", $'t"#$! ! 3t+!

    mX /$#$ mi, "6"+$! $ "us$ " "1 s"u !1", su$ s"#"$" " +$#3t"#, [hv^ X^

    i^kj ?)$9

    #t"1s t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    50/200

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    51/200

    J*

    .!17$#$ "st$ "t1!'!0$ O "us, t#$+!$'1"t" +!"+! +!1! ! "us ! 6!, &!

    /!" t"# $ su$ $tu#".$ #"6"'$$ $t#$6

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    52/200

    J(

    Os 6"#s!s $+1$, @u" "s+#"6"1 ! $s+1"t! " At"$, s&! su4+"t"s /$#$ "/'+$#

    $ "t1!'!0$ @u" '" < $$ ! Crtilo. L"17#$! $ H"#120""s @u" $ "us$ < t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    53/200

    J>

    t#$6$! u1 +!17$t" s0u'$# +!1 ! #! Es+$1$#!, +$!, $'"0!#+$1"t", !

    +!17$t" "t#" ! 4!0! " $ 30u$, " !" s" /!" 4"##, $$ $ !/!s%&! !s t"#1!s, ! +!17$t"

    "t#" $ "st$7'$" !s s"#"s, #"/#"s"t$$ /!# H"4"st!, " $ t"!#$ "#$+'t$$ ! 4'u!,

    #"/#"s"t$$ /"'! #! Es+$1$#!9 Et#"t$t!, P'$t&! 6$ $'

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    54/200

    J?

    "s+#%&! ! s"# ", "@u$t! "s+#%&!, "'"s /!"#$1 s"# !u 6"#$"#!s !u 4$'s!s9 u$! $

    "/!s%&! $$'8t+$ !s !1"s 6!s /$#"+" t"# +"0$! $! 41, H"#120""s s" 1!st#$

    $s!s! /$#$ 6"st0$# $! 1"!s 1$s u1 !1"9 A'"0$! @u" C#3t'!, ! 8+! ! 3'!0!,

    $4#1$#$ @u" H"#120""s &! "#$ ! s"u !1", "'" +#5 "+"ss3#! "$1$# $ $tu#".$ " t$'

    t$' !1" " " t$' "us /$#$ @u" s" 6"#4@u" !u &! $ 6"#$+$" " su$ $4#1$%&!9 C!1!

    t"1!s sst!, $ +!##"%&! ! !1" " H"#120""s " /!#t$t! $@u"'$ " H"#1"s "6"#3

    s"# +!##"'$t$ 6"#$"9 D"s+!7## "ss$ 6"#$" '"6$#3 S2+#$t"s $ #"t!1$# u1$ @u"st&! @u" 3

    4!#$ s+ut$ ! 8+! ! 3'!0!, $ 6"#$+$" ! logos.

    S2+#$t"s, /$#$ "/'+$#-'" $ $tu#".$ ! !1", +$ /!# $/!t$# $s s"1"'$%$s

    "st"t"s "t#" !s $t#7ut!s ! "us " ! s+u#s!9 P#1"#$1"t", H"#1"s < "s+#t! +!1!

    "#1""ut$, XY pgma, " t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    55/200

    JJ

    s+u#s!, s04+$! ! t!!?*, XY o, u1$ 276$ $ss!+$%&! "t#" !s !1"s9 L"17#"1!s

    @u" S2+#$t"s 4!#$ +$1$! /$#$ s+uss&! ust$1"t" u1 1!1"t! " 1/$ss" "t#" C#3t'!

    " H"#120""s, "1 @u" ! logos"6"#$ s"# +!'!+$! "1 +!1u1, !u s"$, "6"#$ +#+u'$#?(9

    /#"+s$1"t" "ss$ $ /#1"#$ "4%&! @u" '" < $$, 3 @u" ! s+u#s!, s"0u! S2+#$t"s,

    s"1/#" +#+u'$ " 0#$, bkb[hv ba o^[hv `h9 A'

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    56/200

    J

    *"0 Etimocosmo:loias (0;8e - 0;e!

    S$! ! +$1/! $ $3's" !s !1"s $t#7u8!s $!s "us"s, H"#120""s su0"#" @u"

    $ 6"st0$%&! s" 5 "1 t!#! $@u"'"s @u", +!1! S2+#$t"s $6$ "st$+$! $t"#!#1"t",

    t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    57/200

    J

    s&! 0"#$$s, !u s"$, $@u"'$s @u" s" "+!t#$1 ! 1u! s"s86"', u1$ 6". @u" "'" #"/#"s"t$

    ! t"'086"' "1 s"u $7s!'ut!9

    u$! < /"#0ut$! /"'$ "t1!'!0$ $ /$'$6#$ 'u$, S2+#$t"s 4$. #"4"#5+$ $

    A$30!#$s, ! @u" /!" s"# +!4#1$! /"'$ '"tu#$ " s"u 4#$01"t! DQ JW *, @u" .

    @u" ! s!' 4!#"+" 'u$ ! s"u 7#'!9 S2+#$t"s 1!st#$ @u" "st" u1$ s!81$ "t#" $s

    /$'$6#$s 7#'!, e[aj, " 'u., qj, +$! @u" "'$, $! #"6"st# $ 'u$, < s"1/#" !6$ "

    6"'$, !u s"$, "st" /$#$ ! $st#! u1$ "$ " 1!61"t! "t"#!, /!s 0#$ s"1 +"ss$#,

    bb[ ]p `h, "1 su$ 6!'t$9 O 4$t! " /!ssu# s"1/#" "ss" 7#'! !6! " 6"'!, e[aj ^

    ba ^ hc `h, ! !1" 1$s ust! @u" /!"#$ '" s"# $! < h[ah^h^hca, 1$s $

    ust$/!s%&! !s t"#1!s !s 4$. +$13-'$ h[aaa, !1" @u" s!$ +!1! t#K17+! $

    H"#120""s, $! $! "+"ss! /#$t+$! /!# S2+#$t"s9

    u$t! $3's" " 15s, "6"1!s /#"6$1"t" !t$# @u" ! t"#1! &! +!st$ $ 'st$

    su0"#$ /!# H"#120""s, s"! t#!u.! /!# S2+#$t"s +!1 u$s t"%"s: $ /#1"#$,

    +!tu$# $ su$ +#8t+$ !%&! " 1!61"t! "st"t" "1 t!$s $s /$'$6#$ $$'s$$s

    ""#"%$$ $ C#3t'! " $ H"#3+'t! " "1 s"0u$ +"su#$# @u"'"s @u" 4$."1 us! !s !1"s,

    1u$!-!s /$#$ u1$ !ut#$ 4!#1$, $41 " t!#3-'!s 1$s 7"'!s, ! @u" "t"! +!1! u1$

    +#8t+$ $! +!6"+!$'s1! " H"#120""s9 Ass1, /$#$ "/'+$#-'", S2+#$t"s #3 @u"

    15s, ghj, /#!6

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    58/200

    J

    t"##$, ], su$ +!1/#""s&! s"#$ 1$s +'$#$ s" ! t!13ss"1!s /!# ]ava, /!s P'$t&! ! $ss!+$

    #"t$1"t" su$ 4u%&! 0"#$!#$, ]hXhcpa, $! @u$' H!1"#! "!1$#$, ]h]aec9

    As @u$t#! "st$%"s ! $! "st&! "s+#t$s $ /$'$6#$ 0#"0$ pac, 1$s S2+#$t"s /#"6"

    H"#120""s @u", /$#$ +!"+"# /#"+s$1"t" ! s"u s04+$!, < "+"ss3#! /#!u+$# pac,

    /!s "'$s s&! #"s/!s36"s /!# "4#, phc, $ /#!u%&! +!##"s/!"t" $ +$$ u1$ "'$s9 O

    1"s1! /#!+"ss! ut'.$! $ $3's" ! !1" " Z"us, @u" 4!#$ 6! "1 !s, 6!'t$ $ s"#

    ut'.$! /$#$ "/'+$# ! t"#1! $!, cakX\, s"! ! @u" +!t#!'$ "'" 1"s1! "1 s

    1"s1!, akX X^, "t"! +!1! u1$ +$ s"t"%$, Yj [\]^k9

    *" NoFes Gorais (0a - 0*e!

    A "$ " 1!61"t!, " 4'u! " " "6# +$#$+t"#.$ t!! "st" 0#u/! " "t1!'!0$s,

    /!s, $ss1 +!1! ss"1!s $t"#!#1"t", 1"$ @u" $ $3's" "t1!'20+$ $6$%$, s$!

    ! !18! 6! /$#$ $"t#$# $! 1u! $ dL?a, !u s"$, 1$s /#21$ $ !/&! !s

    !1"s, $ 1!7'$" "st"t" !s !1"s $t#7u8!s $!s s"#"s s" "6"+$9 D4"#"t"1"t"

    ! @u" /#!/!1!s /$#$ !s t"#1!s /#"+""t"s, !" +$$ t"#1! 4! $$'s$! 6u$'1"t",

    /$#$ !s !1"s $ s"0u# /#6'"0$#"1!s ! +!1"t3#!, $! 6orias da Hustia

    M!st#$-s" $/$#"t"1"t" s1/'"s "/'+$%&! " S2+#$t"s $ #"/"t! $ Xusti"a,

    zcbac^em: "st$ < $ +!1/#""s&! ! ust!, zcba^k ekehc9 Et#"t$t!, $ "/'+$%&! !

    ust! /$#"+" s"# 1$s 48+' " S2+#$t"s "/'+$#3 ! /!#@u59 E/!# ! @u" s" +!1/#""" /!#

    ust! "+"sst$ " u1 "s"6!'61"t! 1$!#, /!s 1/'+$ $@u'! @u" !ut#!s, @u" &! s&!!1"$!s /!# P'$t&! ! 3'!0!, /"s$1 $ s"u #"s/"t!, s"! 1!t6! " s+!#K+$ "t#"

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    59/200

    JW

    "'"s9 A /#1"#$ "4%&! " ust!, zbac^, < $@u'! @u" /"#/$ss$ t!! ! u6"#s! " @u"

    +!'!+$ $s +!s$s "1 1!61"t!, 4$."! +!1 @u" t!$s "'$s s"$1 0"#$$s ", /!# s"# ! 1$s

    ,pd v-.Dvd dq q pp,,

    ust! t"#$ s! 4!#1$! $ /$#t# ! $+#

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    60/200

    )

    " !/!s%&! "t#" /$#"s: 1$s+u'! 4"1!, +!#$0"1 +!6$#$9

    u$t! $#t", Xm, S2+#$t"s ! "#6$ $ /!ss" $ #$.&!, {c ^, +!1 $

    s"#%&! " $ 1u$%$ " /!s%&! " $'0u1$s '"t#$s /$#$ 4!#1$# ! !1", $4#1$! @u" !s

    #"s/!s36"s /!# t$s $'t"#$%"s s"#$1 $@u"'"s @u" &! s" /#"!+u/$1 +!1 $ 6"#$", 1$s

    $@u"'"s t"#"ss$!s s!1"t" "1 u1$ 7!$ /#!+$9 S2+#$t"s $@u /$#"+" s" +!t#$."#,

    u1$ 6". @u" "'" 3 $6$ $4#1$! +!1! 63'! $ s"#%&! !u #"t#$$ " '"t#$s /$#$ $

    4!#1$%&! !s !1"s9 Et#"t$t!, "'" +!1"%$ $ $4$st$#-s" " t$' /#!+"1"t!, /!# +!s"#$#

    t$' "/""t" u1$ "s+$/$t2#$ 43+' @u"'"s @u" "s"$ss"1 $$/t$# !s !1"s s +!s$s9

    S2+#$t"s, @u" . +"0$# $! 3/+" $ 6"st0$%&! "t1!'20+$, su0"#" $$ @u" !ut#!s !1"s

    s"$1 $$'s$!s, "t#" "'"s $ $7'$", gma, !1" 4!#1$! $ /$#t# $ /#!u%&!,

    hc, " ! +!1/#1"t!, gb^kj9 S"0u! ! !7"t6! " $t0# ! $u0" " su$ "/'$$%&!,

    $ 6"st0$%&! #3 "1 #"%&! " !1"s +!1! $ 6#tu", ! 68+! " $@u"'"s +u$ "$ "

    1!61"t! $/#"s"t$ '0$$ $'1$9

    # irtude, o cio, o moimento e a alma

    O 3/+" $ 6"st0$%&! "t1!'20+$

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    61/200

    *

    1/"1"t! $ $'1$, @u" /!# +!t$ ! s"u 4'u! +"ss$t", `h ^, /!" s"# +$1$$ $

    s"1/#"-4'u"t", `hcphXm9 M$s &! s!1"t" /"'$ "$ ! 4'u! ! !1" < $$'s$!, /!s

    S2+#$t"s $$ #3 @u" $ 6#tu" < $ 1$s "s"36"', aphXdXXmj, 1$s "/!s " 4!#$!, 4!

    +$1$! phX9

    Ess$ $3's" t#$. $'0us /!t!s s"1"'$t"s +!1 $ "t1!'!0$ @u" $6$ s! $$ $!

    H$"s, s!7#" ! "s"! $ 6#tu" @u" 4$. +!1 @u" !s @u" 6&! /$#$ '3 &! @u"#$1 #"t!#$#9

    Ess$ 7us+$ $ 6#tu" < ! "s"! ! 4'2s!4! ", '"17#"1!s, ! /#2/#! H$"s $6$ s! $ss1

    "!1$!, +!1! u1$ #"4"#5+$ $! 0#$"s 7"s @u" /!"1 s"# $'+$%$!s $/2s $ 1!#t",

    @u$! $ $'1$, s"/$#$$ ! +!#/!, /!#t$t! s"1 @u$'@u"# 1/"1"t!, /!" 6s'u17#$# "ss"

    !ut#! 1u!9

    U1 !1" 48+' " t"#/#"t$#, "17!#$ t"$ "t#$! $ +!1/!s%&! !s /#"+""t"s

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    62/200

    (

    S2+#$t"s ! $$'s$ $ /$#t# " u1 t"#1! @u" H!1"#! ut'.$, [[hc, $u1"t$# " +#$#, +u$

    t#$u%&! /!# "1/!'$# /$#"+"-1", $'

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    63/200

    >

    " P!s"8!, +!1! u1 1/"1"t! $! 1!61"t!9 F$."! us! ! 1

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    64/200

    ?

    A $'1$, /!#@u" /"#s"0u$, zcfb^kea, +!"+"# +!1! s&! $s +!s$s, t"#$ !#0$! $

    !/&!, z\{a, +!1/$#$!-$ $! '$%$1"t! +!1 $#+!, " !" /#!6

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    65/200

    J

    t"#1!s $ s"#"1 6"st0$!s9

    A 6"#$", `[ihca, < u1 !1" @u" t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    66/200

    S2+#$t"s 1/" u1$ "s/

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    67/200

    1!t6! " P'$t&! $! "s+!'"# "ss$s "1 "t#1"t! " !ut#$s9 S"0u! S2+#$t"s, $ '"t#$ #, q,

    < u1 st#u1"t! +$!# $ $'t"#$%&! ", $t"+/$! ! @u" $ '0u8st+$ $tu$'1"t" +$1$

    " /!t! " $#t+u'$%&!, "'" 1!st#$ @u" ! 1!61"t! 4"t! /"'$ '80u$ ! t"#!# $ 7!+$,

    $0t$!-s", < su4+"t" /$#$ +!1/#!6$# t$' "$, ""1/'4+$!-! &! s!1"t" "1 /$'$6#$s

    +!1! ! 4'u# " ! 4'u!, hv ba ^ t"#1!s +"t#$s $ t"!#$ " H"#3+'t! "

    "s'!+$1"t! /"#/

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    68/200

    +$' " H"#120""s " C#3t'!, /#!/" $ su$ "s+!st#u%&!, #"su1$ $7$!:

    DISCURSO NOMES SLAAS LETRAS

    A! 1"s1! t"1/! @u" !s "s+!st#2 "st#utu#$'1"t", P'$t&!, /!# !ut#! '$!, !s

    +!st#2, /!s $! #"6"'$# $ $tu#".$ !s s"#"s $t#$6

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    69/200

    W

    III

    Sobre o conKecimento dos nomes, ou o sonKo de S7crates(0*d - 00;e!

    A/2s t"# "s0!t$! $s /!ss7'$"s " $3's" !s !1"s, @u" s" "st""#$1 "s" !s

    !1"s !1

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    70/200

    )

    s"#"s, $ +$/$+$" " "s! "t#" "'"s9 A @u"st&! $@u t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    71/200

    *

    O $#0u1"t! s" +$ /"'$ +!+!#K+$ " C#3t'! s!7#" $ "st5+$ " u1$ +!##"%&!

    ! !1" @u" 1!st#$#3 +!1! < $ +!s$, Xcj zh{hXac $\ eXc XY op]ga, $#0u1"t! @u",

    s"0u! "'", 4! t! " 1!! 1ut! 6""1"t", ok e\zpa, " +u$ 4$'$" < $ st#u%&!9

    Ess$ 1"s1$ +!##"%&! < u1$ $#t" @u", +!1! $s !ut#$s "st"t"s, /!ssu s"us $#t84+"s,

    zmgc^kp]^j, 1$s 4"#"t"1"t" $ $$'!0$ @u" S2+#$t"s 4."#$ "1 s"u /#1"#! "17$t",

    !" ! !7"t6! "#$ 1!st#$# u1$ +"#t$ #"'$%&! " $tu#$'$" "t#" $@u"'" @u" /#!u. u1

    !7"t!, ! 1$t"#$' ! @u$' "'" < 4"t! " ! s"u usu3#!, $ t"%&! " P'$t&! "st$ /$ss$0"1

    s"# +$1$$s Apoca# 7enaiutLs !u ano# tost51 $ +$+" " s"# $'0! +!,

    /!s $@u'! @u" /!# su$ 6". t#$.dV 'u. +$$ u1$s $s +!s$s @u" $s+"1 " s" 0"#$1,

    +!t#!'$! , t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    114/200

    **?

    KermLgenesA u$' "'"s

    $LcratesA A razo# 7phrLnsis, /!s "'$ < $ concep"o do movimentoe do flu?o 7phorxs a}

    rho nLsis9 P!"#$ s"# t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    115/200

    **J

    1!! $ $1$s +!t5-'! "1 ! 1$s '0"#!, " 1!! $ s"# "+"ss3#! $!s !ut#!s @u"

    /"#1$"%$1 126"s9 eVE 6st! @u" 0!6"#$ t!$s $s !ut#$s +!s$s, transpassando!as

    7dMaon, 4! +$1$! +!##"t$1"t" /!# "st" !1" dMaion# 7Xusto, s"#!-s" /!"# $

    '"t#$ /$#$ u1$ 7!$ /#!+$9 At< $@u, +!1! 3 /!u+! .8$1!s, W]aV1ut!s +!+!#$1

    @u" ! Xusto < st!, 1$s "u, H"#120""s, +!1! t"! s! /"#sst"t" $ #"s/"t! "'",

    4!#1$!-1" ! 1st

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    116/200

    **

    @u" 4'u"1, &! < !ut#$ +!s$ s"&! ! +!t#3#! $! flu?o 7rho " s" $'0u

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    117/200

    **

    $LcratesA C"#t$1"t" < 6"#$"9 M$s +#"! @u" < /"'$ ust$ 1"$ @u" < /#"+s! !7s"#6$# !

    @u" < 6"#!ss81', tu @u"

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    118/200

    **

    virtude#, t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    119/200

    **W

    +$#/t"#!, +!s$s $ +$#/t$#$, !u +!1! ."s

    KermLgenesA Eu $! 1"!s 0! "ss" 1!!9

    $LcratesA E ! !1"$# &! /#!u. +!s$s 7"'$s

    KermLgenesAN"+"ss$#$1"t"9

    $LcratesA E st!

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    120/200

    *()

    $! +#$#9

    KermLgenesA dVE ! @u" s"#&! /$#$ 2s, !s s"us #"s/"+t6!s +!t#3#!s

    $LcratesA T!!s $@u"'"s @u" +$1 ! +!t#3#!, $! @u" /$#"+", "1 < /#"+s! "t$'3-'!s9

    KermLgenesA u$s s&! "'"s

    $LcratesA 0esvantaXoso, intil, desproveitoso "preXuMzo.

    KermLgenesA T"s #$.&!9

    $LcratesA M$s 3 ! nocivo " ! danoso.

    KermLgenesA S19

    $LcratesA O nocivo# 7blaberLn @u"# ."# o que preXudica o flu?o 7blpton twn rhon

    eV/!# su$ 6"., o que preXudica 7blpton s04+$ ! que deseXa prender 7boulLmenon

    hptein " ! /#""# < $ 1"s1$ +!s$ @u" $1$##$# " "'", " t!! 1!!, +"su#$9 Et&!, o que

    deseXa prender o flu?o 7tw boulLmenon hptein rhon"6"#$ 1$s +!##"t$1"t" s"# +$1$!

    boulapteron, 1$s, $ 1"u 6"#, /$#$ t!#3-'! 1$s 7"'!, 4! +$1$! blaberLn# 7nocivo.

    KermLgenesA Mu't4$+"t$!s, S2+#$t"s, s&! !s !1"s @u" /#!u."s9 P!s $0!#$ 1"s1!, $!

    /#!u+$# "st" !1", boulapteron#, "st" $ 1/#"ss&! " @u", t$' +!1! u1 +$t! At"$,

    t!+$#$s u1 /#"'! s!7#" 4'$ut$W]aV/

    $LcratesAN&! s!u "u, H"#120""s, ! #"s/!s36"', 1$s $@u"'"s @u" "st$7"'"+"#$1 ! !1"9

    KermLgenesA D."s $ 6"#$"9 M$s ! @u" s"#$ !preXudicial

    $LcratesA O @u" s"#$ $4$' ! C!s"#", H"#120""s, @u" "u 4$'!

    $ 6"#$" $! ."# @u" s"#! " "t#$! '"t#$s 1ut! s" $'t"#$ $ +!1/#""s&! !s !1"s,

    t$' @u" s 6"."s u1$ $'t"#$%&! 1ut! /"@u"$ 4$. JVs04+$# ! +!t#3#!9 P!# ""1/'!, !

    "6"#;" 4$t!, /"s" "'" /!# t"#-1" '"17#$! st! @u" 3 /!u+! "st$6$ /$#$ ."#-t": $

    !6$ '80u$, "st$ 7"'$ '80u$, 1u!u " t$' 1$"#$ ! s"t! " dever# 7don, " "

    !7s+u#"+"! s"u s04+$!, @u" /$#$ 2s "'$s s04+$1 !+!t#3#!, 1$s @u" $ $t0$ '80u$ t!#$ 1$4"st! ! @u" @u"# ."# u1 " !ut#!9

    KermLgenesA u" @u"#"s ."#

    $LcratesA D#-t"-"9 Tu s$7"s @u" !s !ss!s $+"st#$s ut'.$6$1 1ut! $s '"t#$s i " d,

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    121/200

    *(*

    KermLgenesA $ss19

    $LcratesA N&! s$7"s @u" s!1"t" "st" !1" $t0! 1!st#$ ! #$+!+8! $@u"'" @u" !

    "st$7"'"+"u P!#@u" "'"s +!s"t$1 " 7!1 0#$! " deseXavam 7himeMrousindV@u" $ 'u.

    su#0ss" $s t#"6$s, +$1$6$1-'" himra# 7deseXos.

    KermLgenesA 6"#!ss81'9

    $LcratesA M$s $0!#$, "'"s ! "4$t.$1, " "1 < /!ss86"' +!1/#"""# ! @u" @u"# ."# dia

    7hmra9 Et#"t$t!, $'0us /"s$1 @u" diahmera produz o cultivo 7hmera, " /!# ss! !

    +$1$1 $ss19

    KermLgenesA P$#"+"-1"9

    $LcratesA E s$7"s t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    122/200

    *((

    prazer# 7hdon s"$ $ t"5+$ felicidade 7h Lnsis, " /!# st! t"1 "st" !1" " ! d

    P!s "'$ 1!st#$ s"# s"1"'$t" $! $ $'1$ $t< $ +!s$, /$#$ 6"# +!1! < +$$ u1 !s

    s"#"s t$' +!1! t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    124/200

    *(?

    " ! no!ser 7ou Ln,/!# su$ 6"., +!1! $'0us ! !1"$1, s04+$ no!movente 7ou iLn,

    "s+$#t$! ! i.

    KermLgenesA T"s ! $#, S2+#$t"s, " "st$# +!1/!! "ss"s !1"s +!1 #"s!'u%&! " +!#$0"19

    M$s, " s" $'0u

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    125/200

    *(J

    $LcratesA D" +"#t! < /#!636"', H"#120""s9 N"st" +$s! tu! ! @u" $t"#!#1"t" s"

    1"+!!u

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    126/200

    *(

    1t$%&! $t#$6

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    127/200

    *(

    $LcratesA S" st! < 6"#$", < /#!636"' @u" 3 s" "6$ 6"st0$# $ #"/"t! $@u"'"s !1"s @u"

    tu /"#0ut$6$s, s!7#" !flu?o 7rho,! mover!se 7inai" $ reten"o, shsis9 S" "'"s $0$##$1

    !u &! ! s"u s"# /"'$s '"t#$s " /"'$s s8'$7$s,JV" 1!! $ 1t$# $ su$ "ss5+$

    KermLgenesA P"#4"t$1"t"9

    $LcratesA V"$1!s "t&! s" s!1"t" "st"s s&! !1"s /#1t6!s, !u s" "st"1 t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    128/200

    *(

    2s, 1$s !s $t0!s @u" /#!u.#$1 $ss1 "st$ +!1/!s%&! 2s, +!tu!, s" #"$'1"t"

    s"#"1!s +$/$."s JV" "$1$# t!$s "ss$s +!s$s " u1$ 4!#1$ 37', "6"#"1!s

    +!s"#$#, $/2s st0u-'$s, s" !s !1"s /#1t6!s " "#6$!s 4!#$1 +!'!+$!s ! 1"s1!

    1!! !u s" &!9 C!'!+3-'!s " !ut#! 1!!, +$#! H"#120""s, t"1! @u" s"$ !'"t" !u

    '20+!9

    KermLgenesA P!# Z"us, S2+#$t"s, t$'6". s"$ $ss19

    $LcratesA E "t&! Tu /#2/#! $+#"t$s @u" s"#$ /!ss86"' st0u-'$s "st" 1!! P!s "u

    &!9

    KermLgenesA Eu $! 1"!s "st!u '!0" ss!9

    $LcratesA Et&! #"u+$#"1!s, !u "s"$s @u" t"t"1!s " $ss1 4$%$1!s ! @u" < /!ss86"',

    1"s1! @u" +"0u"1!s $ 6"# u1$ /"@u"$ /$#t" "'"s,

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    129/200

    *(W

    t!'+"s s!7#" !s "#6$!s9 Ou /$#"+"-t" " !ut#! 1!!

    KermLgenesA D" "u1 !ut#! 1!!, S2+#$t"s9

    $LcratesA N"st" +$s!, "u 3 /"#+"7! @u" $s +!s$s $ #"s/"t! !s !1"s /#1t6!s s&!

    u't#$$t"s " #8+u'$s9 C!tu!, s" @us"#"s, "u $s '" +!1u+$#"9 M$s s" tu t6"#"s u1

    +$1! 1"'!#, t"t" +!1u+3-'! $ 11 t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    130/200

    *>)

    deslizar 7olisthnein, ! oleoso 7liparLs" ! , " t!$s $s +!s$s "st" t/!9 E

    ! /!"# $ '"t#$g, @u" #"t

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    131/200

    *>*

    4Xa? 6elam|nio, da prole de eus, chefe das armadas,

    tudo o que dizes est conforme o meu cora"o#

    " /$#$ 11 t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    132/200

    *>(

    CrtiloA C"#t$1"t" &!9

    $LcratesAN"1 u1 !1", +!1! < /#!636"', /$#"+"-t" t"# s! +!'!+$! u1 " u1 1!! /!#,

    " !ut#! 1"'!#

    CrtiloA C"#t$1"t" &!9

    $LcratesA Et&! t!!s !s !1"s s&! +!'!+$!s +!##"t$1"t"

    CrtiloA C!t$t! @u" s"$1 !1"s9

    $LcratesA P!# @u5 A+$s! $@u'! @u" 3 /!u+! s" .$ " H"#120""s,

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    133/200

    *>>

    t$' +!1! s" $0t$ss" u1 6$s! " 7#!.", 7$t"!-!9

    $LcratesA V"$1!s, C#3t'!, s" " $'0u1$ 1$"#$ !s +!+'$1!s: tu &! /!"#$s $4#1$#

    @u" ! !1" < $'0! 4"#"t" $@u'! ! @u$' < !1"

    CrtiloA P!"#$9

    $LcratesA JVP!# +!s"@u5+$, tu t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    134/200

    *>?

    "'" !u " u1$ 1u'"# E /!# 1!st#$# 0! $/#"s"t$# $! s"t! $ 6s&!9

    CrtiloA S1, < /!ss86"'9

    $LcratesA O @u5 E #"t!#$# /$#$ "ss" 1"s1! " ."#-'": "st" $@u < ! s"u !1" D" +"#t!

    1!!, ! !1" t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    135/200

    *>J

    $LcratesA eV T$'6"., "t&!, $6"#3 ! 7!1 $#t"s&! !s !1"s " !ut#! 1$u

    CrtiloA S19

    $LcratesA E ! !1" "'" "#$ '"0s'$!#, &! "#$

    CrtiloA S19

    $LcratesA P!# Z"us T$'6". t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    136/200

    *>

    "1 s " @u$' < ! !1"9

    CrtiloA D."s $ 6"#$"9

    $LcratesA Est$! $ss1 +!4$t", 1"u !7#", $1t" @u" u1 !1" !#$ s"$ eV7"1

    "st$7"'"+!, !#$ &!, " &! 4!#+"s +!1! $'0! "+"ss3#! @u" /!ssu$ t!$s $s '"t#$s /$#$ @u"

    s"$ /"#4"t$1"t" t$' @u$' $@u'! " @u" < !1" " $1t" t$17

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    137/200

    *>

    $LcratesA E @u" "t#" !s !1"s 3 !s @u" 4!#$1 4!#1$!s $ /$#t# " !1"s 1$s $t0!s, "

    !ut#!s s&! /#1t6!s, &! t" /$#"+" s"# t! 7"1

    CrtiloA S19

    $LcratesA M$s s" !s /#1t6!s 6&! t!#$#-s" +$%"s " $'0!, tu t"s $'0u1 !ut#! 1!!

    1"'!# " "'"s t!#$#"1-s" +$%"s ! @u" 4$.5-'!s ! 1$s s"1"'$t"s eV@u'! @u" z^b beX `[mi eXac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: eXc XaXa9

    Z_`: `[[ g ^z baX izmg\ ]h ^gac e^ z^bhv oec oXa g^dj hac ga ba `h:

    ^z ]p ^Xdj hh ^ g pmeX^, ^ z o^mp^, h~ g^dj oaec ba `h `phX Xh ba baba hm9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[mi []hcj9Z_`: ^b^ h~ gXh oec oXa eX g^dj ga ba `h, gXh beX ~z baeX^ Xq

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    148/200

    *?

    Xd eX, z[^ z >" Xc aX aXq ^ea ^X Xca ac\ eXc X op]gaXa, ^ opYj

    gj ^z gq [b\gha d ba bXd X ghXp aXegaXc, `[[ bai aX opYj X aXq

    ^ea ^Xa ohp okbh9

    YZ[\]^U_`: z^bhv g^c, fbpaXhj, ^Xd9

    dbpXmj: o\Xhp^ ^_ aX g hm ^Xd ohkb\Xa, a z op{hcj aXq ^ baX XY aXY

    Xp\o^ ^ ba aXac Xc hz^j Xq Xd h~e, a op{hcj

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h ba aXac9

    >$Z_`: baX X aXq pa ec ba a op{hcj opXX^Xac, ^ baX X ghXpa z\{a9

    $ Xc ochcpedgh ghvj Xq Xd Xghc, o\Xhp^ gv XgmX^ eX baeX^ j

    ghvj ^k[fghia ba ^k[miqgh, g baX X ec ^k[miqgh baeX^ Xghc X^

    Xghc Xh ba Xgheiac ba okbh, Xhg^g Xh ba o[^ Xc gv eXac ba piqj op{^gh

    X^X^, z oap ec, {agapXme\ghi Xh ba ^z op{^gh

    >7YZ[\]^U_`: g^c]h z^bhv ^Xd9

    Z_`: ^b^ ba bhc Xc ochcpedgh, ^ baX oea z\{a zhv bhc, `[[ baX X

    pi aXm z eX ohbhc baeX^ bheia Xh ba bhc ba ohbhc

    YZ[\]^U_`: eXc XaXa9

    Z_`: ^b^ ba X&[[a ^Xd

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9Z_`: &p ^_ ^ ba XY []hc ga Xcj Xq op{hf eXc

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: o\Xhp^ ^_ X z^b [hbX^ hac, XaX >+ []d piqj [{hc, g

    okbh X op]gaXa []hc Xh ba []heiac ba , XaX ba X^X [], o[^ X Xc o^cehc ba phv:

    z g, {agapXehXa Xh ba ^z o^cehc

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^Xd g^c z^bhv j []hcj9

    Z_`: ^b^ X^ []hc g\pc^ XY ^ghc zc^^g^Xhj ]p o^k []^kec X^j [\]^kj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9Z_`: ^b^ ba XY ^ghc op{j Xj eXc, hohp ba XY []hc op{j Xcj ohp X

    op]gaXa

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    >Z_`: a z op{hcj mea gv ^ opYj gj ^_eac, `[[ aXq Xca ~za ec

    ^keac

    YZ[\]^U_`: eXc XaXa9

    Z_`: ^b^ ba ^gaeX^ eX okbh X op]gaXa ^ghc Xh ba ^gheiac ba

    , `[[ ^ ghvj ^k[miqgh, hohp Xc X^vj gop^eih g[[hc g^[^]^gh^ hac ba ^Xd

    g o[^ Xc o^c^vgh ba ^g^cgh, [[dj z ^

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    149/200

    *?W

    YZ[\]^U_`: ahXa g^c9

    Z_`: ph z, zhc Xghc, zhc X, ag, Xghc

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    >"Z_`: ba zhc bhpbhc, zhc X bhpbhc ba zhc Xpko, zhc X Xpko

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: ba zhc z ^ghc, zhc X ^ghc

    >$ YZ[\]^U_`: eXc XaXa9

    Z_`: X z bhv^ zhc Xpko

    YZ[\]^U_`: Xpoa^9

    Z_`: X z bhpbhc

    YZ[\]^U_`: bhpbj9

    Z_`: X z ^ghc

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^ga9

    Z_`: h_ []hcj9 p]a^ pa X eXc ba XY ^ga9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    dbpXmj: h~ ^_ ] p^gm X p]a^ bhpbj ^ bhpb^gh

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    >7Z_`: bhpb^Xhj z X zpqgh ^ X bp\bm ba X^j eXg^aj ek]bhkg^kjzcabp^gh

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: ^b^ ba ohp Xpko^k {hcj ^Xdj h~ohv ba ohp Xq [[d

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: hcj z ba ohp \gaX^j ^Xdj h~ohv p] Xc X \gaXc ^g^Xhj X

    o^c^gh

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^b d []hc9

    Z_`: &p ^ zczeb^g Xc `[[[^kj ba X op]gaXa zcabp^gh hcYZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: ^ga pa zczaeba[cb\ X eXc p]a^ ba >+ zcabpcXcbY Xj ^eaj eohp bhpbj

    egaX^j9

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: aXcbY z ]h bhpbj

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj z ^

    Z_`: aXcbYj g pa bhpbzc ba[qj pehXac, ba[qj z eX aXcbqj: zczaeba[cbYj z

    \gaXc, ba[qj z eX zczaeba[cbqj9YZ[\]^U_`: a9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    150/200

    *J)

    Z_`: X X^j ^_ p] Xmj ba[qj pehXac Xa X bhpbzc pXac

    YZ[\]^U_`: X X^ XbX^^j9

    Z_`: oj z XbXd X Xm d

    YZ[\]^U_`: X Xm9

    >Z_`: X X^j z p] XpkomXj ba[qj pehXac Xa X Xpko pXac

    YZ[\]^U_`: X X^ a[bdj9

    Z_`: &p ^_ oj a[bhj X Xm d

    YZ[\]^U_`: X Xm9

    Z_`: hh9 X z X^j p] zczaeba[cbYj pehXac Xa X \gaXc pXac

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^z X^X d9

    Z_`: ^z X^X\ ] hcj h~ohv, Xj oapazzdec gv X \gaXa $j pfghia

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^ zXa9

    Z_`: &p ^ \g^j z^bhv e^c hac oapazcz^j aX

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^cbh9

    >"Z_`: ^g^iX^k pa p] pehXac zczaeba[cbYj Xa \gaXc pXac

    YZ[\]^U_`: z^bhv g^c9

    Z_`: ^g^iXmj z e^c z^bhv oj hac `p X Xm d

    YZ[\]^U_`: X Xm9Z_`: ^b pa oaXYj `zp\j, pg\]hhj, ^ga ieiac >W$ eX `[[ Xc^j

    ^gaX^kp]^: ^X^j z eX, j ^cbh, ^g^iXmj, j z Xq zmgc^kp]q eoacfXaX^j

    `ipfo^cj ]]hXac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^cbh9

    Z_`: ic z, oebhac o^v [od ^g^iXmj X \gaXa XihXac: b Xq gop^eih z

    `ebhac9 o^v [od XbXd X bhpbza o^chv &p ^ opYj X^c^X\ Xc ohbhc bhpbhc

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    >W7Z_`: X z baXa] aX bhpbj o^c^Xc, o\Xhp^ o[c o^cehc [[m opYj XbaXha]kva [od, opYj bhv^ XY hz^j opYj ohp ba baXa{h o^hc

    YZ[\]^U_`: opYj bhv^, g^c]h z^bhv9

    Z_`: ^b^ bhv^ zcbac\XaX aXY eXc bhpbj ba[eacgh

    YZ[\]^U_`: g^c]h z^bhv9

    Z_`: ^b^ ohcz z [hoX gaX oahv [c ph o^c^ Xcc bhpbza o^chv,

    oeaj g zhv XY Xj bhpbz^j hc hz^j, ^a z beX ba[[eXm ohbhc, >W+ XaXm

    `o^zcz\ac X ec h~j XY p]^ baeX^

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9Z_`: ba ohp Xq [[d z p]d aXYj Xp\o^j: XY ehc beX ohkbYj p]a^

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    151/200

    *J*

    {hkp\Xa zhv `o^z^ac h~j bhv^ { ^ o^c XY p]^, ^ $ aXYj ^k[mi, `[[ $

    ohbhc9 XY ehc ]p beX, j ^cbh, Xpoa^ ohkbYj h~j XY ezmp^ zhv oeXaeiac Xciac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: ba X ehc bhpbza beX ohkbkva h~j {[^9

    YZ[\]^U_`: eXc XaXa9

    >WZ_`: ehc ]p beX hzhc egaX^j, j ^cbh, beXm bhpbj, ba X&[[a ^Xdj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: &p ^_, [XceXh, ba XY beX ehc ohkbYj ^ga XY ^g^iXm bhv^ h~j X^j

    i\]]^kj ba Xj ek[[aj zhv oeXaeiac Xciac, ba [o^Xa opYj aXY bhv^ eXc ^ga,

    oXa X \gaXa o^chv Xh ba Xiheiac, h~ g[[hc bpc^j hac ^gXd iXmj h~ z g h~j Xj

    aXj ek[[aj baeX^j ^g^iXmj Ximec, ^z >W" zhv X^X^ `(gc)]^hv: ^z ]p h~j XY

    aXY ezmp^ oaj a[bhj Ximec, X^ aX^ hba o^cq XY aXY p]a^: `[[ gdj, dj X

    aX ~za `o^zcz, Xh >W)$ [[ eczp, gdj piqj hc XY p]a^, Xh izh Xh

    app^cj Xcj o^c9 ]p

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: ^b^ ^Xdj `{cfehcj ba XY ^g^iXm X\ Xh izh ba XY X^vj app^cj, dj

    XY X^ \gaX^j hz^j `o^zcz XY op^eb^ beX o cace^ ek[[aavj, ^z hpd

    ^g^iXm hac XY izh XY o^k^ [[^icYZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    >W)7Z_`: Xj ^_ ]de\gh^j h~ XY op^eb^ hz^j bhpbz^j o^c^ {[ bhvXac

    o^ceaj, XbXd, pme\gh^j Xmj

    YZ[\]^U_`: h~bYj g g[[^, fbpaXhj, XY pme\gh^9

    Z_`: Xj ^_ X X^ [kp^o^c^ p] pme\gh^j &p ^ ^X^j j oeXacX^ p]a^g

    b[[ceXa oceXaXhv ba h~p]aeg^ ]^m hX h_ hp]aeXac hXh g

    YZ[\]^U_` ok ]h9

    Z_`: XjYZ[\]^U_`: bciapceXj9

    Z_`: Xj z X X^ akom]^

    >W)+ YZ[\]^U_`: bkhpXmj

    9Z_`: Xj z X X^ ^g^iX^k p] oceXaXehc X b[[ceXa ba h~p]aeg^ bphch ba

    izh ba X^vj app^cj &p ^ eohp pehXac

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: &p ^_ ^ pdX oceXgh^j ^X\j eXc

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9Z_`: z aXYj ba `o^bpheiac

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    152/200

    *J(

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: XY z pdX ba `o^bpheiac oceXgh^ [[^ Xc e ba[hvj zca[hbXcb\

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^b, `[[ X^X^9

    >W)Z_`: XbX^^j g pa p]^ eX o^ceac omz[c^ oceXaX^X j bkhpX^k, h~

    g[[hc ba[Y hac XY omz[c^9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ahXac9

    Z_`: ^g^iX^k z ]h, j ^cbh, ^ga, oceXXm ^X^j zca[hbXcbY zpa, h~ g[[hc ba[qj

    \gaXa ieheiac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: eXc XaXa9

    Z_`: bczkhhc pa, pg\]hhj, hac ^ a[^, j e ^hc, X^ \gaX^j iecj, ^z

    a[d `zpq ^z Xq ocXk\Xd9 ba rpaX[^j `[mi []hc []d ehc >W)" X \gaXa

    hac X^vj op]gaec, ba ^ oXa zmgc^kp]Y ^gXd hac, `[[ g\^ bhv^ XY `o^[o^Xa

    h~j XY X ehc ^ga beX ba zkgh^ aX^ XY hz^j Xciac hj Xh X ]pggaXa ba Xj

    ek[[aj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^b d, fbpaXhj, odj p opYj []hcj >W*$ aXc^eiac9 edj gX^c ^ *zc\

    eXc ^Xdj {amj ohceiac, `[[ z^bq g^c zh g[[^ ocieiac e^c, h g^c zh{hcaj Xca

    j hac X ehc pi\XmXa \gaX^j9

    Z_`: ] g, gabpch pg\]hhj, ^zhga []d, `[[ oh[i^k ]h []^ op\Xhp^[h]^, Xc ^b h~zhm `[[ ebh^gm ghX e^9 z eb^o^kg^cj gv, g^ Xh ba e^,

    X^e^X^ g zm ahXac oap X op\Xhpa, ehc X Xca pi\XmXa ^ hac XY ^ga ba ^

    >W*7 oaXYj `zpYj oeXaeiac ba[qj aXY op]gaXc X^ ieiac: ^

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: ^b^ XY ghX X^X^ p mXhv, hohp ocikghvj h~zac, Xcj o^X a_ eXc aX^

    pi\Xmj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[[ g ocikgq ]h h~zac9

    Z_`: eb\ohc X^k9YZ[\]^U_`: oqj ^_ p eb^ohv

    Z_`: pi^XXm g Xj ebhdj, Xavph, ghX Xq oceXagd, pgaXa bh^cj Xh[^Xa

    ba pcXaj baXaXcigh^9 h~e z ^X^c ^ e^ceXa, $eohp ba `zh[\j >W*+ e^k ra[[aj

    o^[[ Xh[eaj pgaXa e^Yj z^bhv hac9 ohcz z ^b ]bpaXj h Xq oaXpd, [coaphv p XY

    `zh[Y ba zhveiac aX^ zcz{ac eh X pi\XmXa ohp Xq X^c^Xd gaih oap pdXa]\p^k9

    YZ[\]^U_`: X^o^j ghX hm g^k, fbpaXhj, zmecj, h~ X g `[ihca X pdXa]\p^k [dj

    ^b `o^z^gac, X z X X^caX `[mih miXa `]aom j X^k {ca9

    Z_`: `[[ h~ g a_ eh XaXa `pebhc, oap +gp^k p >W* gaihc ba oap Xq [[d

    o^cmXq9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    153/200

    *J>

    YZ[\]^U_`: ba X []hc, fbpaXhj, gmp^j ohp ^gXd, ba o^

    Z_`: o^[[a^: g]ceXa z ba b[[ceXa $j zc^phc o X^vj aX^vj Xh ^ ipdo^c

    \gaXa ba[^ec ba ^ ih^9 ^b ^hc aXY g]a Xc ba iakgec^ []hc X^X^cj ohp ^gXd

    pi\XmX^j z[^ ]p z Xc ^ ]h ih^ aX ba[^ec opYj pi\XmXa ohp eXc ehc \gaXa:

    >W*" e ^b ^hc

    YZ[\]^U_`: h_ ^za g ^_ ]d]h, hohp ba[^ec, Xc piqj ba[^ec9 `[[ o^va XaXa []hcj

    Z_`: ^b ^eia Xc ohp X^ o^Xag^ X^ X p^, j g^^ghc X aeX,

    i^, me, ba[^kec ih^, zphj z bgazp^

    YZ[\]^U_`: ]d]h9

    >W($Z_`: X ^_ z ^b ^hc X^X^ ehg\ Xc hac ]qac, o o^X piqj hc bhv^ XY

    o^XagY i^ ba[hv g[[^ bgazp^ h~ z ^[hc, ohp Xj pci^j []hc Xc--

    TOT SO\jS QR\, UZR` [SUSU,

    a[^ ] XY gimga e pi\Xhp\ eXc ba[hveiac a[bj bkgzcz^j X aX p X

    aXhc Xh ba kpm, >W(7 ba [[a o^[[ ba X^X^k X^ o^cmX^ ba [[d `[[ XaXa g

    edj ghd eX baX g ba e {hkphv: z bagzpc\j Xh ba eXka{ `ipdocfXhp^

    zcaebaeiac, j g^ z^bhv, ba /^, mec \gaXa hac X X^ bX^p^j hv, Xa o^X []hcX pi\XmXa aXq9 ^eia ]p zo^k XaXa X om

    $j heXc ] []d9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: o\Xhp^ ^_ ^hc gmp^ pi\Xhp^ ]hveiac Xq ^gXd bhveiac X oacz, XY

    eXkabXa XY bagzpc^

    >W(+ pg^]mj: ^b d []hc9

    Z_`: zh z eb\ohc9 h Xcj p^cX\ eh o\Xhp^ ^hc pi\Xhp^ ba[hv X \gaXa X^j

    p^cgdXp^kj X^j `p^heXp^kjYZ[\]^U_`: z[^ z Xc X^j p^cgdXp^kj, am 9

    Z_`: o\Xhp^ ^_ a ]kavbhj Xavj o\[hec p^cgfXhpa e^c z^b^ec hac ^ zphj, j

    XY [^ h~ohv ]^j

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^ zphj9

    Z_`: ^b^ ^eia Xc gmp^j XY oacz^ XY X^ bX^p^j >W( oY Xq pfd me

    ba[hveiac eXkabXa, bagzpc^ z z[^ Xc oY Xq ]kacbq, ohcz ^ ]h zphj aXY

    eXkabXa b[^k

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^cb ]h9Z_`: ^b^ ba gmp^j X^j pqaj e^dXp^kj ]hvX^ Xj ]kavbaj aXq

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    154/200

    *J?

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^gac ]d]h9

    Z_`: XY eXkabXa pa pi\Xhp^ hX^ bhveiac X oacz XY bagzpc^

    YZ[\]^U_`: ahXac9

    Z_`: eb^oqgh z zc X o^Xh9 aXYj gv b[[ceXa m]hvXac XY zc\Xc me ]p

    >W(" \\` ]Z SU Zj\ OSU T RRT [TZ.

    zc XaXa z, j ^cbh, piqj hc ba[hv XY X^ edXp^j Y eXkabXa X^X^k eh

    oaXp aX^, j mec gmp^j9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ahXa g^c9

    Z_`: X z o^Xh ^ ]p od ^z aXYj ]d]h gaid: pg\]hhj, e z gaihcj

    YZ[\]^U_`: g ^b ]d]h9

    >W>$Z_`: `[[ &pa, ]ai, ba X bX^pc aXYj ihX^ XY ^ga gmp^j

    YZ[\]^U_`: X z

    Z_`: Xc g^c z^bhv ba X^X^ oapao[ec\ Xc hac X eXkabXc, ba ^cbh [[mcb^vj XaXa

    X \gaXa9 ]p a{ ba bXdp ehz\ Xc XaXY emgahc, aec[cb `g\Xhpa hac X

    \gaXa: ^ ]p Xcj a{ 0, ba bXdp zo^k eX X^X^k: z[^ ]p Xc bpaXhv >W>7 Xh

    aX^ ba bbXmXac ba hc aX\9 ^z e^c z^bq []hc, `[[ [aid ba gakXY ^~\gh\j Xc^jeohp ^kj oXheiac Xj +gp^k z\{mj ohp ^gXd pi\XmX^j

    YZ[\]^U_`: g ^ e ]h, j g^ z^bhvj, `[[ edj X^ oX9

    Z_`: zbac\ ] X^ eXc, j g^ ahXac, XY [^X^j b]^^ [^Xa ba[hv ba XY oo^k

    b]^^ oo^9 ^ Xc []d eohp Xpaj ]mXac { oo^k [[^ Xc oo^j, >W>+ `[[ ^ 0X^

    ]^kj b]^^ X ec, X^X^ []d: ^Yj b]^^ ehc oo^j oap ec Xb g\e^, ^

    oq[^ b[mX^ `[[ g\e^: ^z { `ipfo^k ^gac g XY `ipfo^k b]^^ ]mXac, `[[

    XY b]^^ ipdo^j b[mX^j: ba X zzpa eaXdj ba X&[[a oaXa: ^ ekz^bhv

    YZ[\]^U_`: ekz^bhv9Z_`: ba[qj []hcj: [aXXh ]p gh g o oapabp^edga eh9 baX ]p XY aXY [\]^ b b

    aec[dj ]]mXa Xc >W> b]^^, aec[hj b[mX^j: h~ z Xpacj ek[[aavj Xpacj XY

    aXY emgahc, ^z op]ga: ^z h~ op\ebhcXa Xc ]pgga `pmXac, ^z ^z X^X^, dj

    ]bpaXj 0 ^ea X^ op]gaX^j zm[^kgm X \gaXc9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj X^X^ []hcj

    Z_`: ^z o^cb[^, `[[ eohp Xq eX^chd ^eia Xc \gaXa []^gh `[[ ^b aX X

    eX^chva, o[ XhXXpd, X^ ba X^ 1ba X^ ba X^ : X^vj z >W>" [[^cj dhe Xh ba

    `f^cj ^eia Xc ohpcXciXhj [[a ]pggaXa []^gh, \gaXa o^c^Xhj: `[[ dj aX^

    zm[^kgm X zagc Xciqgh, piqj hc bhv^ XY ^ga ba[hv aXY gv zm[fehc9 $ XY

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    155/200

    *JJ

    Xa: p/j Xc X^ Xa ba X^ Xa ba X^ [a op^eXhiXd ^z [omeh, eXh g ^ X

    bh^k X^ eX^ch^k ec zm[qeac [ X \gaXc ^ ^[hX^ ^g^iXmj: ^Xdj oceXim

    ba[qj ieiac X^vj ]pggaec X \gaXa9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[mi g^c z^bhvj []hc9

    >W?$Z_`: ^b^ ba ohp aec[dj aXYj [\]^j eXac ]p o^Xh b aec[dj aec[hj, ba

    { `]ai^ `]ai\j, ba b ba[^ ba[\j, ba X&[[a oXa ^Xdj, { beX^k ]^kj Xhp^ X^c^X^

    b]^^, g Xpaj ]]mXac: b[mX^ z XaX \gaXa9 o^cb[[hc z {heXc Xavj ek[[aavj,

    eXh z\{ac X ~zcdXcbqj ^Xc Xhpa hac `[[[d X aX Xa: eohp gv X Xq ~aXpq

    pgaba pfgaec ba egavj oho^cbc[ga [[a ahXac X aX Xa, X z ]h >W?7 ~aXp, Xh

    X zagc Xq apgbd eb^o^kg, X aX ahXac, ba ^b bo[XXhXac oY Xq op^e\Xd9

    ^Xd z edj ba oceXgh^j ohp ^gXd X zagc aXq eb^ohv, ba ^b bo[XXhXac h Xc

    op\ebhcXac ]pgga ghXbhcXac `pmXac, ba [[^cj oaXoaec ]pggae eXc X^

    \gaX^j zagcj9 eohp kz []^gh, eXka{ Xh ba bXdp ^z Xq aXq >W?+

    ]paggXd hc o[ X^ Xa, `[[ gdj XaXY emgahc9 ba po^[j ]h Xq g ]paggXd X

    ocb^cdhv zm[^v z gdj XY aX\: ba [[a o^[[ eXc ^z `[[ aec[a emgahc: ba [[a

    ]h a_ eXpaXm]\, $ 2]cj ba ^[gap^j ba o\[hg^j9 ba ~aXpcb ]h Xhpa, 3aXp^b[j

    ba bhegp^X^j: ba Xhpa edj ek hp^cgh Xavj g ek[[aavj ba X^vj ]pggaec

    zcad^Xa, X z zkghc XaXY ih]]\gha9 ahXac ^Xdj ^>W?YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_9

    Z_`: X^vj g z baX ec ]c]^g^cj X aX `o^z^X^ \gaXa9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: X z X^vj oap ec, ^ XpaX^j hzhc ]dXac $ Xa { `zpYj `]ai^ ba

    ih^eh^j `ehj ]mXac, &p ^ eohp X^vj gop^eih, b oo^j ^Yj b]^^ Xb, ^ X^

    Xhb\X^j zo^k zhc X odkga hc, `[[ X^ ]^kj ^ hm

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    >W?"Z_`: ba X b X^ heh^j pa ]h^g `ehhv XY X^ ]^kj ^ga `o^z^X^9YZ[\]^U_`: eXc XaXa9

    Z_`: ^ h\c[^, j ^cbh, ^z meih^ ^z Xq X^c^Xd ^z: `[[ Xc X`aXa

    X^X^cj emgahc, ohp Xj pi\XmX^j Xk] X \gaXa9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oaX\j ]h g[[^, fbpaXhj9

    Z_`: eohp ]h ba peXmj, pg\]hhj, bczkhhc piqj hc, hXh Xcj Xm ihX^ aX

    XY ^ga hXh ba o^cmXj Xcj, XY impcqzhj Xj ehdj ba XY ]pc^ aX^ ba XY phcY

    zhcbgh^j X \gaXc9

    >WJ$ YZ[\]^U_`: ahXac ^Xdj, fbpaXhj9Z_`: ^cbh z ]h ba X oaXp aX^ baX ec XY ^ga hac9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    156/200

    *J

    YZ[\]^U_`: ahXac9

    Z_`: bczkhhc ]p X^c^X\j Xcj hac ]aggd, $ j z\{hch aX zcao^hveiac ba

    bapXhphv X[^j ocXcihj X^vj z\{aec zc `phX9 emghv^ z aX^ p^ g^ X^ oi^kj Xh ba

    bapXhpaj9 Xc ^_ `]aeXYj baX >WJ7 X ocg^ ^X j `p emgahc XY ^ga

    ]aggd9 edj z ba Xphj piqj hc9 Xh ]p X^ 4pkeoo^k aX \^j ba opYj

    XY keXm j g zchopXXhX^, oXa XaXa mgcfzm ba `Xmp opYj `phX9 ^_ X^ \gaX^j

    odkga egcbpY oapab[hc ba ocbhb[koXac, eXh g oec zm[^ X ec X^ `zp\j: X^vj z

    56789: 6;?@ABCEFGC; HI

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    157/200

    *J

    piqj aX^vj X \gaXa bhvXac, dj `ohohcpim Xj e^aj XakXme X o^cehc, h~ pa `ohphv ^,

    g^ {amj ^Xde >W op^eooXdbh pXc ^b ^z o\ih9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ba g z, fbpaXhj, `Xhqj ] g^c z^bhvj eohp ^ i^kecqXhj {amj

    pmegzhv9

    Z_`: ba a~Xcqga ]h, pg\]hhj, g[ceXa aX `oY ip^^j X^ p^eoa[X k

    op^eohoXdbac g^c: dih ]p o^[[ aX ek ba oaphv^ X Xa9 bczkhhc ^_ i^kecq ^

    g\^ X X g^k go[eac Xj zacg^aj e^aj, `[[ ba Xj kj ohc[iac9 z^bhv ^_ g^c

    >W" pac ^Xde gj o^ceac: XY g Xghp^ hac peaeiac aX ba X [^co ohp Xq

    ^gXd ocebaeiac, apc^ z, ba gv ekz^b, `o^zc^o^gome\ghi Xh aX ba

    baiap^ghia {hkp\Xhj eXcj X X^caXa zhcYj >W$ baiaphc, hXh Xq hpd Xcj hXh Xq

    e^ceXq9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[[ ] g ek]dpq: ok ]p zdj X o[^coa ohp Xq ^gXd `b^eacgc9

    Z_`: `[[ p ^Xd o^chv9 o\ih ^_ ^[hc `p{fghia zcaeb^o^Xhj, ohczohp h~j Xo^

    Xc ghbagh, a h~zqgh h~ pa gv ocgapXkpehc aX X \gaXa g ok `oY X^

    aX^gX^k ^Xdj baeXa bhveiac, `[[ hc >W7 Xc pi\XmXa X g ^_ Xq pfd ba

    `ipfod [h]\gha \gaXa edj gj {aoaXehch: o^[[ g ]p aXq bhvXac baX

    op^]\d odkgaj, ^z op^eb^ ^cj, eohp baX `pj []^gh, o^[[ z eohp h\gh^c

    XihXac, $ Xkzm ba dea ba h\c[^ ba [[a o^[[9 X g ^_ X^caXa z^bhvg^c pac : h~bYj z g[ceXa gj hphv X piqj bhgha ohp X `h Xa ba ohkb\Xa9

    eo^kzeiac ]p Xaia >W+ g[ceXa opohc X iec Xq ^gXd: edj z ca aXq ba oY

    ihc^Xpaj zkghdj Xj Xq `ipfod Xim9

    YZ[\]^U_`: z^bhvj g^c ba[qj []hc, fbpaXhj9

    Z_`: &p ^_ ^ zbac^ `oY Xq ihq pheiac, eb^o^kg^kj o o^Xh aXY X^X^ XY ^ga ^

    ih^ piqj b[imea

    YZ[\]^U_`: h~b\j ]h9

    Z_`: X^c\zh X^k ]d]h o^oXhd: a^Xa g^c ^ opqX^c Xq `ipfod Xq ohp X[[za X^X^kj g\^kj >W X^j ih^j ]hveiac ^eohp o^[[^ Xq appd, [c^ ba

    eh[m ba ] ba eXpa ba ^pa\: Xh ^_ aX pqXhj oXa `h ~\Xa zp\g ba i^Xa,

    `oY XaXmj Xj ehdj Xj X^ zag^hj ih^j aX^j o^^geac: eXhp^ z baXa^^Xhj X^j

    [[^kj oXaj zm X^X X \gaXc op^ea]^phhc9 ^cb Xc []d X `[mihv ^z

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_ ^cbh9

    Z_`: X ^_ ghX X^X^ eb^o^vgh

    YZ[\]^U_`: z[^ z Xc zag^j Xh ba pdaj ba `ipfo^kj zag^aj9

    >W"Z_`: ba j `[miqj, pg\]hhj, X o^Xh ^^v XY ^ga ^ zag^hj ebac X

    e^c z\{d h~ohv9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    158/200

    *J

    YZ[\]^U_`: []h g\^9

    Z_`: ^eia ^_ Xaj me e^z^j hac X^j zag^aj

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^b ^q9

    Z_`: ^z Xc pke^ ]^j XY opqX\ mec ]heiac Xq `ipfod

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^za X^X\ ]h9

    Z_`: []hc X^k ohp aX^

    TZ kRS \\ ]^U\` T [\Z kOjRU,

    G8:(aH \ [U T[\UR` ]U\ \QUS\S TO^\UTS,

    kQO\, NORT\S, OTR` QU_U NUQZU

    YZ[\]^U_`: X ^_ z

    Z_`: Xc ^gac ] []hc aXY XY pke^ ]^j ^b b pke^ ohkbYj `[[ `]ai\ Xh ba

    ba[\9 Xhbgpc^ z g^ eXc Xc ba gj mec eczmp^ hac ]^j9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[mi []hcj9

    Z_`: ^b^ ba Xq ^hc ac aXY h Xcj >W7 `]ai\j eXc bh^k X^ pke^

    ]^kj hac

    YZ[\]^U_`: h~b\j ]h9Z_`: ^ z `]ai^ [[^ Xc p\cg^c

    YZ[\]^U_`: p\cg^c9

    Z_`: X^X^ X^k oaXYj g[[^ []hc, j g^ z^bhv, X^j zag^aj: Xc p\cg^c ba

    zag^hj ea, zag^aj aX^j \gaeh: ba ]h X `pa X ghXp d aXY ekgahc

    XY ^ga9 []hc ^_ ba[qj ba ^X^j ba [[^c o^cmXa o^[[^ e^c []^kec j, ohcz Xcj `]aiYj

    [ Xh[hkXe, gh][m g^vpa ba Xcg hc ba ]]hXac >W+ zagd baX X Xj p^ehdj

    odkga9 XaX ^_ Xihgac ba ] XY zag^a oX zpa j `]aiYj 0, zacg\c^ hac ba

    qXa ba Xh[hkXeaXa, ba piqj zag^a ba[hveiac9YZ[\]^U_`: ba ]f g^c z^bq, fbpaXhj, X^X^k ok e^c egm^j hac9 z z pdj X

    hm

    Z_`: X^X^ z ^ ok a[hoY ^eac9 egcbpY ]p oapbXac aXq XY ^ga, zm[^ X

    b X^ pdX^j ]hec9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj []hcj

    Z_`: ^b ^eia Xc gih^c ^ pdhj

    YZ[\]^U_`: X ^_

    >WZ_`: oXhj zo^k ]h]\aec paeiX^j ih^ imXj imX^ ihj9 ^_ eb^oj

    ba X^X^ baX X XXcb X oa[ac d, g[[^ he: zm[fehc ]p e^c Xc oap XY X^

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    159/200

    *JW

    pdX^j ^ga, ih ]h]\aec ^ pdhj, egcbpY oapm]g^ eX \\gaX^j\pc9 ba X^c X^X^

    []hc X^j pdaj, Xc e^^ ea ba X^phj ba zhc^ ba zca[hbXcb^, pdX ba^ Xhj: XY

    ]p hphc []hc eX9 ohp ^_ pXc []^gh, X XXcb d [h]\gh^c >W" ^ pdhj

    X^pj Xchj ba pdXmXcb^ ekga^kec, eXh mX\pd ba e^ceXq ]^j ]]hXac XY pdcbY

    [^9 `[[ ^ X^X^ a[ho\ eXc ^eac, `[[ g[[^ XY Xq `ipfod, zc X o^Xh

    ipdo^c ba[^Xac: ()e hcj h~ohv

    YZ[\]^U_`: o\ih, ]ai, d ^z h Xc $\j X hm hphv, ^ ekXhd zc XY ]hveiac e g[[^

    hpehc gakX\9

    >WW$Z_`: X X^ ip^^j oco^ oceXhhcj, j ^cbaj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: z[a z9

    Z_`: piqj ]h e oceXhd: j ba ] g^c a^gac b^gqj h^mbac, ba bczkhed,

    g h[aqgac, Xc Xghp^ e^fXhp^j X^ z^X^j ]heiac9 eb\ohc z []d9 opqX^ g ]p

    XY X^c\zh zhv ^eac ohp ^gXd, Xc o^[[bcj ohg[[^gh ]pggaXa, X z {acp^gh, oap

    ^k[\ghia ^g^Xhj, ba Xj {XmXaj ghXa[[^gh9 $ c [^j --X^X^ a >WW7 `X

    gaX^j ^ga gv ]mXac, X\ Xh Xhp^ aX\ih ~qXa {h[^gh ba `X {haj Xj gemj

    ek[[aj aphva ih]{ghia9 [[d z X^aX g[[^gh ]pggaXa, X z apXhpa

    ({Xhpa)ih]]\ghia9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[mi []hcj9Z_`: X^Xd X^k ba XY Xq `ipfod ^ga oo^ih, j g^ z^bhv9 b ]p gaX^j

    ^ga ]]^h, Yj ]pggaX^j X^ [a {acphiX^j ba apkXpaj Xj Xh[hkXj ]h^gmj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj []hcj

    >WW+Z_`: zh9 emgahc X^X^ XY ^ga ipdo^j Xc X g [[a impa p/^z

    oceb^ohv ^z `a[^]hXac ^z `aiphv, z ipdo^j ga fpabh--X^X^ z eX XY odoh

    --ba `aiphv ba [^]hXac X^X^ odoh9 Xhih z g\^ Xq impd piqj ipdo^j

    ipdo^j ^geim, `aipq odoh9

    YZ[\]^U_`: X ^_ XY ghX X^X^ pdga eh zdj oki^gmZ_`: ok ]h9

    >WWYZ[\]^U_`: eohp X^k g^c z^bhv X^X^cj {j ha Xc pga9 k ]p o^k ba eqga

    ba[^gh X^ ipfo^k9

    Z_`: oqj ]p ^

    YZ[\]^U_`: ohcpfghia z ba XaXa zch[hv eohp X gop^eih9

    Z_`: k []hcj ocebaeiac j h~b\Xdj X^X^k X^ \gaX^j Xk]hc, ohcX a_ XY eqga

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: j g X k b X^ oapapga []hc, ^ga Xc X c^X^ ^hv X^j X k

    ^geaXaj, j X^X^ pa, Xa oap X efgaXc, aXc\ eXc X^ aX, X X^ >WW" `aohv

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    160/200

    *)

    zagc oap^ ba `a^, ga z b[ho^X^j X^ `a^X^j XY eqga `o\[[kXa Xh ba

    Xh[hkX/: ih z g^c z^b^ec aXY k ba[eac9 h~ z ^[hc --h pga: z^bq ]p g^ Xc

    bai^p ociafXhp^ X^X^k ?))$ X^vj `g ip^a9 X^X^k g ]p, j g z^bhv,

    baXap^each ba ]eacX^ ^pXcbY hac: X\zh z eb\ohc pa ba e^ `pe9

    YZ[\]^U_`: []h g\^9

    Z_`: X ec oaXYj X^ efgaX^j, eXh ba ba ohpccac, X e^c z^bhv hc Xh ba hv

    [[^ k

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^z [[^9

    Z_`: X z ba X Xq [[d |oXd ec ^ oceXhhcj a{a]\p ^ ba k hac X

    zcab^eg^ea ba ^kea

    YZ[\]^U_`: ]d]h9

    ?))7Z_`: ba[qj pa XY ^ga X^X^ ^c X zkghc XaX ec hv ba hc

    kem o^^ghc9 {heXc z ba k b^ghk\gh^ []hc9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_, ba z^bhv ] g^c X^X^ bh^k XhcbfXhp^ hac9

    Z_`: ba ]p eXc: ]h[^v^ gX^c ahXac j `[miqj ^ga\gh^ j Xim9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[[ z XY ghX X^X^ oqj qgh hc

    Z_`: XY eqga []hcj

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9Z_`: o^[[a g^c z^bhv X^X\ ]h: g ba egcbp\ ?))+ Xcj oapab[, ba ok9 ba ]p

    eg Xcj aec aXY hac Xj kj, j Xhiaggmj X oap\Xc: ba zc\Xc a_ X^X

    emgahc emga k, ba XaX ega piqj ba[hveiac9 z^b^ec gX^c g^c g[ceXa

    ieiac ^ `g pa X^X^ XY ^ga, j zbm zcz^emj Xj kj z hba zzdec, X^X^ z

    ohp^[^ hc, a emXac, zhegdXmp k h~b\a: hac ^_ Xj kj X^X^, eohp aXY

    ^ghXac, dj bXhe X hc[\gha, XY eqga, ba ^z zhv oap]hc ^z ]pgga9

    ?))YZ[\]^U_`: XaXa g g^c z^bhv baqj, fbpaXhj, h~peiac: ohp z Xq ihq Xq

    ^gXd, $ ba ohp X^ cYj kz [h]hj, ^cgh o^k baX XY aXY Xp\o^ocebaeiac baX Xa o^X pi\XmXa aXq X \gaXa bhvXac

    Z_`: a g a ghvj ]h, pg\]hhj, hohp ]h ^ ^cgh, a g XY b[[ceX^ Xp\o^,

    Xc ohp ihq ^z egh, ^Xh ohp aXq ^Xh ohp Xq ^gXd, XXa o^X akX^j ba[^ec:

    z[^ ]p Xc bhv^ ]h X`[mi ba[^ec9 ?))" zhXhp^j z a_ Xp\o^j pi\XmX^j, eohp Xavj

    havj \g^j eX gv hheiac, ^Xcj Xh ba o\ih ap^kec ^ga\gh^c, XaXa ba gj

    aX^j ba[hv, j [[^ gmz ?)*$ h~z\Xaj: ba[qj ]p z g^c]h z^bhv h^geiac9 h~ ^_ ^[hc,

    eb^oqgh eohp op^hco\Xhj X^vj ih^vj Xc ohp aXq ^z ghvj ebh\ghia--^ ]p `{c^gh $

    X hac eb^ohv--`[[ ohp Xq `ipfod, o^X Xca z\{a ^Xhj XihX^ aX^vj X \gaXa:

    X^X^ ]p `hgemX^9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    161/200

    **

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[[ g^c z^bhvj, fbpaXhj, ghXpdj []hc, ba ^Xd o^cqgh9

    ?)*7Z_`: [[^ Xc ^_ ` eXaj `pfghia baX XY \g^

    YZ[\]^U_`: zbac^ ]^9

    Z_`: X ^_ Xcj am zca^^gh^ XY ^geaXa eXa ^geac

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^ g XY a ^z X^X^ ^gac *zc^ hac9

    Z_`: bczkh^kec ]^, ]ai pg\]hhj, ^ opqX^c X \gaXa Xcigh^c ^ a[^c hac

    `[[ ghXhdp^[\]^c ba z^[eac Xcj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: X z

    Z_`: baXaahXa g^c iecj Xq ^gXd X^c^Xd ?)*+ Xcq `ipfod, ba Xcj X

    {hcb \gaXa `aeb^o, ^ XX^ `hkpebhXac baeX^ ^[hXac9 $ ba X^X ghvj

    ^ea ba[^gh, h~e ^ eea ba[^ec, ^ z a_ ea9 opqX^ g ^_ baX XY Xhp^

    ^ga X^Xd Xq opa]gXd ^ea eXa ba[hveiac hc [\]^, ba Xc ]h a_ ghvj XY Xj

    ^eaj ghX^ eXc ag, ba baX X^X^ piqj ba[^vX^ eXa: ^bagh ]p ba ghvj XY

    oa[acY eea ba[hv X ^ea9 Xc z ba baX Xj ikeaj Xcj ?)* ^eaj ]eacX^

    ^Xd ^hv XaXa X^j Xcihg^kj: XY ]p opY oXd ihq X eX opfX op^ihc h~bYj bh^kj

    ^Xchj X oXd ^ea eea od\gaea9 e^c z a_ ea, ehz\ Xc a_ ^X^c bai

    pb[hcX^ ]^vX^ X Xa ~ac Xh oXa ba ghc ^z: XY ^_ aXc^ ba XY `pm]Y aXq

    hac XY i^, ih z ba[qj hc aXY ea ^geiac9 ba XaXa ?)*" g z XaX joap gmz h~z\Xd h~peid: ghX z eXa zbac^ a ba rp\^ ocebaeiac9 baX^c X\ ]h

    X^ rp\^k ^ga zm zc[i^gh9 edj gX^c ^z []d9

    YZ[\]^U_`: X z, fbpaXhj

    Z_`: ]ai, h\mb Xc eg^j e^aj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: o^v^ z X^X^

    ?)($Z_`: ]h[^v^ g ok h~ohv, ^gac gX^c Xc ocia\XmXa ^9

    YZ[\]^U_`: Xa XaXm

    Z_`: XY pb[hcX\ g^c z^bq bai^p oa[a XXa e^ []^Xa, `Xhqj X o rp\^k baaj, ba gmp^j [h]h9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj X^X^ []hcj

    Z_`: []hc o^k pb[hcX^j Xc oXa dphv ba ^z ghc, ba o^Xag^ ^ `ohcbd X

    Xa []hc j zj j XY aXY o^XagY ^b gamj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: eXc XaXa9

    ?)(7Z_`: X ^_ z^bhv e^c `[[^c\Xhp^ pab[hX^k ^hv Xcigh^j X^vj Xq [[d ihq

    op^]\^cj a Xh ba rp\^ &pa ^hc `oY X^ aX^gX^k aXY `g^Xp^cj hkgXd

    \gaXa ieiac eohp a_ gmp^j ]bha\ Xh ihq ]he mec ba gmXpa mi: ^gac z

    ba e^z^j9 []hc z o^k ba phj Xc

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    162/200

    *(

    RTU` Z\` TOOZZ\\` ZR ][\S\,

    ?)(+ j a baec]Xm g^gX^pa mi okch XaX ^_ eb\ohc Xc ba `[[[^cj ekgdhv ba

    opYj X X^ pab[hX^k oXa Xhhc9

    YZ[\]^U_`: a X g^c []hc, fbpaXhj: XY gX^c Xj mi^j ^b ^q ^ga X ^[hXac9

    Z_`: `[[ g X^X\ ]h []^k aXY []hc Xc om]j ^ga ocbhbpkgg^ eX9 XY ]p

    zcaXXfgh^ ba ?)( XY i^gh^ om]j `ohbaeg eXc: b z X^Xd `g^Xpd Xq

    ^gXd mij XY ^ga e]bhcXac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: X^X^ g, fbpaXhj, b^g\9

    Z_`: X z ^ g[[hc `[[ X XY ghX X^X^ XY g a ho^gh9

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: X^j `zh[^j z aX^ []dgh, X\ Xh ^ehczq ba XY [^Xda ba XY Xhp^ ^ga

    ^g^kec aX\9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: XY g X^k X^ ^ehczq\j g^c ahXac ^geiac ?)(" X^ opfX^k ^geaX^j,

    Xc aXY az^Xa oeh Xj ia[XXmj ecj ba ^bXc haeh op^h[ihv, `[[ eohp zhegYj

    Xq o^zq aX ]hX^9 XY ^_ p^Xa Xj zkghdj XaXmj ihY \gaeh ^ehczqa, jo^ezheg^ Xa: XY z ]bhcXac edj hophohaj hba9 Xa z ^b X^X^ []^c, `[[ `X X^

    ev]ga ?)>$ z^ [za XY opqX^ []hX^, j o^[[ h~z\X^j X^ ih^9 edj z `oY X^ ehhc

    ehd \gaeXac: op\ebhcXac z XY ohv ba XY z[Xa9 XY z [^Xd^j, X^X^ g baX X X^

    o[^X^k z\ec, Xc b Xj ]j bXdih `hXac o[^X^j, od^geim: z Zczmj, ^ o^[[^ g

    g^c z^b^ec o^[aghc XY `czj op^ehcpeiac X \gaXc X^X, ba ^^gh^c XY ^ga

    [^Xda ba[^ec aX\9

    ?)>7 YZ[\]^U_`: e^ z oqj ahXac, fbpaXhj

    Z_`: o^[[a g^c]h z^b^ec ipdo^c zcmgapXmbac ohp X^X^k X^ ih^ Xj zkghdj ba^hveiac aXY ^b {c^ ()9 Xc Xh ]p, ohcz oa{ Xcj gq `o^i, `h bhv eXc,

    ^^Xac, ba Xc k ]kg X^ efgaX^j oap bhv^ `ophXac, ba X^X^ oh\mXac: X z

    g^ z^bhv oXa j XaX\ Xc ekXhhc, ba `p X^ ih^ ba XY ^ga9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj z

    ?)>+Z_`: ]f e^c pq ] g^c ahXac9 h~o ]p g^c, zhegYj X^ eXh ghc

    o^k^, o\Xhp^j ~ekp\Xhp\j eXc, `]bm ocikga

    YZ[\]^U_`: o^[ zcaphc, fbpaXhj, ocikga9

    Z_`: ^hc ^_ XY Zczm ^b o^[[^j bh]hc, h~ g X ~ekp^XX zheg zhc X^j

    bhveh ~\Xaj

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    163/200

    *>

    YZ[\]^U_`: z[a z9

    Z_`: ocikg pa Xc aX^j, j ^cbh, zhv, hohp X gh]eX zheg zhv, ba ^b `]b9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ahXac9

    Z_`: ^b^ ocikgac a_ o^[[a h~ec

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    ?)>Z_`: X gh]eX pa ocikg Xq ocikgcq zhv aX^j, hohp g[[hc X gh]eX zheg

    baXhc9

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: eXc ^_ Xcj ghd ocikga Xa Xj X ek ^mXac zc bhv^ eheiac `ghd

    `p

    YZ[\]^U_`: g ^z odeXc^, fbpaXhj9

    Z_`: zc XaXa pa qgh, pg\]hhj, ^za zhp^ ih[eac `oh[ihv Xq bhvih, ^z

    aXj Xj hcpaj, ?)>" `[[ baXabhbm[eiac bhaj Xh ba X^j [[^kj oXaj: ^Xd ba[^j

    Xcaj, j ^cbh, oeXaXac [\]^kj []hc Zczmj, ba eXc, j ] b X^ [\]^k X^X^k, ihYj

    ^X^j X[h^j e^ceXj Xh ba g]aj hhp]Xmj Xq oap aX, j ]h ba X^vj izh X^eaXa `]ai

    `mec: ^Xd o^[[ aX X ohpc\Xa bhv eXc, ba XY [^Xda `oY X^X^k eh XY ^ga9

    ba XY a_ g i[hc ekhvac X^vj `ipfo^cj ^kec X efgaXa, `[[ X\Xh ek]]]heiac, ?)?$

    ohcz k baiap 0oXd Xq ohp XY eqga babq ba ocikgcq, ^ c[^e\^k z^bhv e^chac ba h_ Xhikgmg^k Xc ^Xd g baX^c aX^j zeaj X ohp `phX ocikg, ^Xaj

    z X X^ efgaX^j oX^mec ba gaa ^z rp\^j zacX^ oaXp ek]baXhc aX X^vj

    zheg^vj zeaj X^vj aX^ [h]^g^cj

    YZ[\]^U_`: bczkhhcj X []hc, fbpaXhj9

    ?)?7Z_`: ba X\ ]h ^ga Zczmj, pg\]hhj, o^[[^ zhv `oY X^ `cz^j od^geiac,

    `[[ o^[ g[[^ `oY X^ oXa X ba[ h~zac, `oY X^X^k oY X^ ^g^iX^k Zczmj b[im9

    YZ[\]^U_`: hh: X z gmXp Xh ba pa ba o\[[d ba im ba aceX^ ba pm ba

    X^j [[^kj ih^j, oqj []^ghZ_`: mgXmp g ahXac baX X z\ec Xj zdzj zcz^ea j gXmp mgXmp

    bhb[eiac, pa z paX ?)?+ Xcj, eohp ^_ ba []hXac hj aXj paeihj hc9 edj z

    ghXhdp^[^]q ^g^iXmj XY `pa pa \gaeh ocbpkoX\gh^j, ihj X `p o

    Xh[hkX: ]^mj z , h~ o^[[bcj []^cj XY Xj paj ^ga9 hppaXXa z: o^[[^ g ba

    X^X^ ^^Xac XY ^ga ba XY o\[[d, oY `ohcpaj, j ^cbh, ^gXd pi\XmX^j9 ba ]p

    ghXa[[^Xhj eb^o^Xac X hpeh\m, ba zhcY aX^vj ahXac: XY z gmhc ?)?

    e^ hac X ih\9 Xh ]p hp^gd Xq opa]gXd XY aoX\gh^ ba oaq ba zkgh^

    oab^[^kihv e^a hm9 hpoaa ^_ zc X e^a ba X oa X^ hp^g^k ihYj

    piqj ba[^vX^, X^c^X\ Xc--zc ohp ba eheXc aX Zczmj e^Yj , zc\Xc X^caXm eX--

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    164/200

    *?

    z aXj bb[^kec XY ^ga heX^ga ohp o[h ^j o c^gh^c Xj `[mihaj, eXh

    hppaXXa aX ba[hv9 XaXY z ba ohp XY ?)?" o\[[d, ohp []d, o^[[^ oh\mXac

    ohp XY ^ga X^ ih^, j Xc zhcY gm^X^j: ^b _eimeac

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_, ba `[mi []hcj9

    Z_`: XY z ] eX, j g^ z^bhv, b[[ceXa bhgh^ opYj X zagc X^ ih^9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj z

    Z_`: ] ohcpe^gac peac ] g^c ahXac: ^ ]p ?)J$ eXc Xc g[[^ ^ga

    pg^eh XXXapec zkghec Xavj X^ ih^, eXh oaeq oXheiac ba zm[^ Xp\o^ Xc

    g^kecb Xh ba gaXcb ba ~aXpcb ba X^{cb9

    YZ[\]^U_`: []h z: X^o^ ]p X g^c []hcj XY ^ga hac9

    Z_`: hpg^eX^ g ^_, Xh g^kecb^ X^j X^ ih^9 opqX^ g ]p biapecj ba ^

    baiapg^ ba baX X ~aXpcb ba baX X gaXcb ba a X^vj ~aXpcb^vj ?)J7 apgb^cj ba a

    X^vj gaXcb^vj ohpcihcfehcj Xh ba X [^kXp X X^vj X^c^X^cj ba a ohpcppehcj, oXa Xc

    XaXa zacX , baiapY oaphc XY ipdo^ ba baX XY eqga ba baX X k: ^

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_9

    Z_`: ^b^ baiapd ihYj ba `o^[^d Xh ba `o^[d Xq X^c^Xd babq ^X^j

    hm

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_9Z_`: baX g X^k Xj `o^[ehcj Xh ba `o^[^ehcj, ?)J+ j ~aXpYj [ Xq X^c^Xd,

    o^[^d piqj ba[^vX^: baX z X gaXcb ba XY `[mij Xh ba XY |o[^-- XaXY ]p

    eXc--eohp ^_ ^ hXXa[^ ba[^ec aX\, pi\XaX ba[^vX^: o[^k ]p aec oXhj

    hXXa[^ X^X^ XY ih\9 zc z XY `h ^[q ]bpaXj hac X^{cb hc[[d eX9 baX z X

    g^kecb zhv o^[ahv eohp XY `b\[^ki\ Xh ba X b^cXc Xc XY [a emgahc o^[[a^ XY

    g^, ba Xaia X g^ o\[mec ba ohp XY ^pa\, ^j z o\[^kj ba[^ec, ba X ohp

    ?)J X X `z |pg^a, z ekgda ba[hvXac, Xc XaXa oXa, j aec ^ b^g^ ohp

    g^kecb ba `eXp^^ga, |pg^ Xc o^[hv ga oXa: oceXaXhv z ^X^j ihYj X |pg^g^o^[q aX oXa ba baX ih^j ba baX `ipfo^kj: eohp ^_ XY g^b[hki^ ba g\b^cXc

    `b\[^ki^ ba b^cXc ba[eagh, ghXaa[\Xhj `X X^ g^ ` , ^Xd ba o\[[da

    ba[eagh ?)J" j g^o^[q, Xhp^ [za ga[\Xhj, Xc gfkg^ ]]hX^ X a[ho

    \gaXc9 ohp ba o^oXh^Xj Xchj zc XY g piqj eb^ohveiac X zagc X^ \gaX^j

    ^^Xac aXY j emgav^ i^p Xca: XY ?)$ z o^[, eohp pXc []hX , oaeq

    aoX\gh^ bhvXac Xq X^ ih^ zkghd, |o[^, `h [[^X^j, `o^[^^X^j, g^o^[^X^j9 Xj

    z ^eaj Xh ba [dj X g^kecb `oY X^ gqeiac, j ^cbh, ba Xj mXehfj Xh ba

    c[^e^aj XY ^ga X^X^ od\gaeh9 mX z `oY Xj op\XmX^j Xj ih^, baX XY ih[g^a

    hac Xcj zmXac9 edj z j ^ {^c ba[^ec-- o^[[^ ]p mi ba[^ec--^cbh ^_ opYj

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    165/200

    *J

    XY g Xpa X^ i^kj `[[ ghp\ Xh ba [hv^ mi ?)7 bhb[eiac oY Xq X^X^ ba[^Xd9

    pXhgcj z (zc)XY `pXhgj ahXac ba XY b\egc^, zc X Xj oapihaj ocikga: edj z

    `phXj eX^pa X ihY b[heh ba[eaj, Xa z ba j XY p^X^ gcemeemj XY `zpYj

    ]kacb: zc X^Xd Xc zc oXa XaXa XY ^ga X^X^ Xcigh^j ihX^ X ih9

    YZ[\]^U_`: X z c\ke\j Xh ba `p^zXm

    Z_`: gh][a, oav %oo^b^k, pdX/j9 `[[ eXc ]p ba eo^kzadj h~pmg^j Xp\o^j Xq

    ^gXd X^X^cj ?)+ X^vj ih^vj ba oaczcbqj9 XY g ^_ eo^kzav^ [[^kj Xcj pfXa, XY z

    oaczcbY ^z bd[hc zch[ihv: c[^oaeg^hj ]p ba ^ ih^9 Xh ]p c\ke^j hm zcz^j XY

    ^^ cz^ke^j oaczc/ba[^gh^j, ^^j z, Xc ^heiac ^ hc o^chv Xq oc\Xd X^j

    o^[[^j ^b ^Xaj, ^~\^kj zcbac\XaX ba[^gh^j9 ohp z `p^zXmj ^b {c^ ec\z

    `Xc[]hc, `[[ ?) ek]dphv Xc zc X (b)X^ `p^ ]hec `p^zXm b[im9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[[ g ^z imj imav\j ] , fbpaXhj, oc[e, ^z aeX^k Xh ba

    phdj9

    Z_`: ^z h~b\j ]h9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^ ]p9

    Z_`: ^b^ XY g Xhp^ ^ga aXj ^ a[hoY h~ohv zc bhvXac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: XY o^v^

    Z_`: a[[za o^k aX ba[^gh9YZ[\]^U_`: oqj ]p ^

    Z_` X^X^ g X^k `oY Xj X^vj o[^cj pehdj ?)" ]^gh^c Xhiac piqj , j

    ]'gac, ]^ghia: XY ]p o^k aXY Xc [[^ ghXhdphc `oY Xj ]j Xavj ?)$ hpe

    o[[hc Xh ba o[[heiac ba phv ba phveiac ba[^gh9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_9

    Z_`: a[[za g X^k XaX9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ba piqj ]h9 `[[ z XY Xhp^ oqj []hcj

    Z_`: XY Xj imjYZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: X^X^ gpcieXhp^, [h9 ^baec z ba ^ oa[ac^ X im ^ghc eohp ^

    ohp gmp^ ?)7 zhc^9 ba ]p X^Xd ^ o^[[^ {m]^gh^c XY o^cmX aec X im

    aXY ^ Xh ba zc^ca oho^cmbac, ba X \gaXa o^cq ^cbh X^c^X\ Xc ohp aXj

    zca^hveiac, Xc z ghc\dj []d ih^ \mec eohph []hc Xc | ih^\a eX aXm, X [a

    {hcbqj `X X^ Xa pmegh^j ba XY ~qXa ba XY ev]ga `h[f9 edj z ^z XaX, `[[ j X

    ihva ^^emj aXj zcahp\Xdj Xq [[d h^\m b[heh9 ^z z `ohc ba X X ihc

    \mec j ^_ea X ihY XaXm ai^\m g ?)+ ^[heiac op^ehcohv: oapa]a] z

    aXYj Xchj eXhp^ o XY b[[c^ j ^X^, ima b[hea9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    166/200

    *

    YZ[\]^U_`: X z z XY aceX^, o []hcj

    Z_`: XY ]hav^ XY h^j eX^pa pdX/j

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^cba9

    Z_`: ^b^ ^X^j g oaX z[^j aveX^j , XY Xa op^eh[bkegh^j

    YZ[\]^U_`: bczkhhc, g o e^c, j ^cbh, Xc [[ z\{9

    Z_`: `[[ a g z\{, XY pm pfXa9

    YZ[\]^U_`: pdXq9

    ?)Z_`: ^b^, h~ g ^[hc, baX XY pph Xh ba baX XY `zphv^ pmj hm: h~ z

    a_ baX XY eb[mp\ Xh ba `ghXeXp^^, z ppaX^ ba[hvXac, ba XaX oaXa o^[hgcb

    ih opo^c pm ba[hveiac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_9

    Z_`: b g ^_ Xq ihq opYj ihq `oa[[a]qgh, j ] zz^cba ohp aXq zca[]heiac:

    ohp z [[d ()Xcd ^[hc op^a[[ g^c, pa zmac $ c ip^^j oo^c9

    ?)" YZ[\]^U_`: `[[ o^ced XaXa, Xc ]h p\gh\j eh ohp pg^, ohcz gh ba ^ mec

    rpaX[^j pg^]m hac9 ohcpfghia ^_ XY pg ebaeiac X ba ^hv XY ^ga, a ba

    h~zqgh h~ X zh []hc9

    Z_`: `[[ g X^X\ ]h ^cbh ohp [\]^ Xc hac pgj, ba XY pgma hac ba XY

    ]]h[^ ba XY ?)$ b[^ocb\ Xh ba XY `oaXm[Y [\]^cj ba XY `]^paeXcb\, ohp [\]^k zageXc oea aXm opa]gaXha: ohp ^_ ba X^vj op\eih []^gh, XY hphc [\]^k pha eX,

    XY z, $ ba gmp^j o^[[a []hc, geaX\ mec, X^X^ z gmaeaeia eXc9 {

    `g^Xpd ^_ X^Xd XY XY []hc Xh ba XY [\]^ gmegh^--XY z []hc z eXc hphc--

    X^X^ XY ihY eohph ocXXXhc ?)7 gv ^g^iXmj: ipdo^c, j XY hphc geaX^,

    zcbadj ba[^vX^ oY gq h~pgmj: z ghvj, j ^~\ghia, ba[[do^Xhj XY ^ga pg

    ba[^gh9 ba ]h pcj `oY X^ hphc ^cbh bhb[mgm, Xc ]]h[^j 9

    YZ[\]^U_`: XY a, h_ pa g^c z^bhv rpaX[^j []hc XY g g hac pg^]m: ^b^k

    hga\j ] h~gc [\]^k9Z_`: ba X\ ]h XY a X^ pg^ hac Y zck hc XY h~b\j, Xavph9

    ?)+ YZ[\]^U_`: oqj z

    Z_`: ^eia Xc [\]^j XY o emgahc ba bkb[hv ba o^[hv `h, ba eXc zco[^j, `[mij Xh

    ba hkzj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: ^b^ XY g `[mij aX^ [hv^ ba ihv^ ba d ^~b^ X^vj ih^vj, XY z hz^j

    bXd X^vj o^[[^vj Xq `ipfod ba Xpa ba Xpa]cb\: Xaia ]p o[hveX^c ^ gi^ Xh ba X

    hzm eX, ohp XY Xpa]cbY ^9YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    167/200

    *

    Z_`: piqj p () o gmd ba `h o^[q ?) a~o\[^j hm, zckj pg^

    \j, X g dih [hv j, X z bXdih Xpaj ba Xpa]^hczj9 ba eXc X^c [\]^j [\]^k `zh[Yj

    , hohp pg^ \j eXc: `zh[ z ^cbac `zh[Y ^z iakgaeX\9 `[[ ohp ] [h]^,

    gabpch, `oa[[a]qgh b Xq ihq9

    YZ[\]^U_`: Xq ]h X^c^Xd, fbpaXhj, h~ ^[hc9 ohp Xq X^cqzh z X eh bd[hc zch[ihv, $

    [^k Xh ba eh[mj ba eXpd ba ]j ba a~ip^j ba `p^j ba okpYj ?)" ba zaX^j ba pq

    ba cakX^

    Z_`: ek g g^c op^eXXXhcj, gdj z, hohp e^c bhapceg^ eXac, i[d9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ba g apc9

    Z_`: X z ^_ opqX^ ^[hc eohp hohj XY [c^ zc[idgh

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: ^cbh X^k baXzm[^ ]h\gh^ g[[^ h~ ?)W$ X dpcb Xcj \gaXc pX^--

    [c^ ]p ba[^ec ^ dpcj-- [c^j ^_ hm g baX XY |[hc h~j XaXY X^j `ipfo^kj

    ohcz `aXh[, hm z ba X ohp X ] `h h[hv ~f, ^b^c z ba Xc o^cb[[hc ~ X

    ]c]\gha b Xj ]j: XY z o^cb[[hc ba a~^[hv XaX\9

    YZ[\]^U_`: X z eh[m

    Z_`: X^X^ z XY ^ga ahXac XY a{a]\pa ochc9

    YZ[\]^U_`: X zZ_`: ^cbh zm[^Xc oa[ac\Xhp^ bhv^j hdeX [h]h, ?)W7 Xc eh[m `oY X^ [^k

    hc XY qj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj z

    Z_`: XY g o^k e[aj ba XY qj XaX\9

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: ^ z o^k ba ^ `h eXc ohp X eh[m X^X^ XY qj, hohp `[mi ^ a{a]\phc^c

    []^kec: bb[ ]p o^k `h aX ohpcc ^ `h oc[[hc, ^ z ophc XY X^ op^Xp^k

    gm\j9YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: h[aaa z ]h ba[^ec aX o^[[^9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: Xc z e[aj ^ ba ^ hc `h, h[ah^h^hca ?)W+ g zcbac\XaX Xq

    ^gXd ba[^vX^, ek]bhbp^Xmg^ z h[aaa bb[mXac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: zcikpagqzj ]h X^X^ X^^ga, fbpaXhj9 `[[ XY ga ba X eXpa oqj []hcj

    Z_`: g ghj `oY X^ ghc^eiac hm ghmj piqj bhb[mg^j, X z eXpa ^cbh Xj

    `eXpaoj odkga hc9 z `eXpao, Xc X oa `aeXphc, `aeXpdo hm, z

    `eXpao ba[[doceihvea bb[mXac9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    168/200

    *

    YZ[\]^U_`: X z XY op ba XY zdp

    ?)WZ_`: XY op `o^pq: ba bczkhhc X^c X^ ip^\j gh g^ea oc[h[^coac,

    X^X\ Xc oa][ho^ hac9 ebac ^_ h~e]d gma o oXa X X^caXa `o^pq9

    YZ[\]^U_`: Xa z

    Z_`: ]f e^c pq9 `o\bpcac ]p g^c: ^cj h~ohv op baX Xa Xp\o^ ba[hvXac

    YZ[\]^U_`: g ^b ]d]h9

    Z_`: ebac z ] o^oXhd ohp aX^9 ^q ]p ?)W" Xc o^[[ ^ [[mhj \gaXa

    [[dj Xh ba ^ oY X^vj app^cj ^~b^Xhj oap Xq appd h~[aec9

    YZ[\]^U_`: X ^_ z

    Z_`: h Xcj mX v XaXa baX X [[mcb d j h~b\Xdj bhvXac, `[[ g baX bhm {

    j XY ^ga Xk]hc , ^eia Xc `o^p^v 9

    YZ[\]^U_`: h~b\Xdj ]h9

    ?*)$Z_`: pa X^k ba X^X^ XY ^ga XY op g Xc apapcbY 09 X^X^ ]p ^Xh *zc^

    op^eac eX [[mcb d, ahp X h~e ^Xdj aXY ba[^Xhj p]hj egcbp\ Xc

    oapab[^Xhj: ba X\ ]h zdp ba Xj baj ba [[a o^[[9

    YZ[\]^U_`: eXc XaXa9

    Z_`: ^ X^k zhv XaXa op^echeiac, oh ^c ] Xcj h~ohv ohp aXq9 XY g ^_ op

    ba XY zdp XaX ?*)7 `odi^gac: z z `p &p ]h, pg\]hhj, Xc aphc X `oY Xj ]j,`p bb[mXac Xc `h hv Xc ohga { aX^ ]]hXac ^X^j ^ ]p o^cmXa o^k X

    ohgaXa `Xaj ba[^ec: edj ^_ []hc, eohp h~ ho^c ohkgaX\pp^k, `mX\pp^k ih z

    ^[hXac aXY ^Xdj h~ohv, Xc eX `p9 XY z a~ipa Xz o o^[agd, Xc `h ihv ohp XY

    `pa d `hcihp zcbadj ba[^vX^9 ] z g[[^ emgahc ^[hXac Xcj ?*)+ ]ava

    ^ge: ]ava ]p ]hXhcpa hm piqj bhb[mgm, j mec gmp^j: XY ]p ]h]aec

    ]h]heiac []hc9 hh: X ^_ gv XY ghX X^X^

    YZ[\]^U_`: pac, fbpaXhj, ba cakXYj ba X^j9

    Z_`: a g z pac XXcbceX j XY oa[acY mX^, hohp ^[hc XY h~bYj h~zac: x ]ph~ec zc XY phc hcgqj Xh ba ipm ba ohgaXa ba X^j bapo^j X^j b Xj ]j: p^keac z

    zcbadj pac ba[^vX^9 ?*) cakXYj z ba X^j bczkhhc Xc hac9 XY ]p X k\gha ba

    X ]c]\gha gphc baeX^ op^]^ h~j qj ba aXY aX {hX^, X^X^, eohp X^vj

    op\eih XY X^ cYj ^ga za zcpmg^ ^ g a, ^ z a b[^k, ^Xd ba Xaia ^ g

    cakX\, Xc akX, ^ z X^j, Xc Xhc: z [^j [\]^j eX XY akX X^ X^X^

    op^ea]^phheiac za, eXh z^ \gaXa ]h]^ac, cakX\ Xh ba ?*)" X^j, { Yj

    [\]^k9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[[ zXa, fbpaXhj, o^[ oczzdj9Z_`: o\ppd zm ^gac a^gac e^aj [ahc9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    169/200

    *W

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_9

    Z_`: Xa g[[^ ehcj9

    ?**$YZ[\]^U_`: `[[ ghX X^X^ XY hz^j ]d]h zdj ihaeagm XaXa X ba[ \gaXa Xc

    o^X pi\XmXc bhvXac, X ohp X `phX, $ p\mej Xh ba ehecj ba zcbac^em ba

    X&[[a X X^caXa oXa9

    Z_`: ]hphcj g, Xavph, ^ a[^ ]^j ^gXd: gdj z ohczohp X [h^X

    zzkba, ^b `o^zhc[caX^ `[[ ocebhoX^, j ^cbh, p\mec ba ehec ba ]fgm ba

    oceXgm ba X&[[a z j oXa XaXa X ?**7 ba[ \gaXa9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_ ^ zhv gj op^ao^eXac9

    Z_`: ba g, XY ba, z^bq ] g^c ^ babqj gaXhheiac, ba kz h\mea, Xc ^

    ok oa[ac^ ipdo^c ^ Xcigh^c X \gaXa oaXYj g[[^, eohp ba Xq ^ o^[[^ Xq

    e^q oY X^ okb ohpceXpheiac mX^Xhj o hc X Xa h~[c]]cqec, bohcXa aX^vj

    ahXac ohpcpheiac X op]gaXa ba oXdj ?**+ pheiac9 a~XcqXac z ^ XY z^ XY oap

    eec oi^j aXc^ hac XaXmj Xj z\{mj, `[[ aX X op]gaXa ^Xd ohkbac, ^z aXq

    g\cg^ hac ^z ac^, `[[ hv ba pheiac ba gheX hac oemj ^pj ba ]hehdj `h9

    []d z ^eaj opYj oXa X kz \gaXa9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj z X^X^, fbpaXhj

    Z_`: ^ baXh\meaj edj X pXc [h]\gha Xc oaXoaec j hp^g^cj Xh ba ^kec ba]c]^g^cj X^vj op]gaec X \gaXa obhcXac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^ ok hikgim9

    ?**Z_`: ba g opqX^ g X^X^ opqX^ ho^gh oaXoaec j o X^c^Xd eX9

    YZ[\]^U_`: XY o^v^

    Z_`: p\mecj: ^pj ]p eXc ba ^ \mecj9 hm z ba mec o^[ahv ^pj: `[[

    ^_ ohp ]h XY pheia eXc9 h~ z ^[hc, ]fgm oaXoaec zm[^v ]^j ebc ba fgmec:

    XY ]p dg ba XY eb^ohv XaX\9 h~ z ^[hc, aXY \mecj X^ ^k eX ecj, XY z a

    hac X Xa emgahc ?**" ]c]\gha `h hac: X^X^k ^_ heiac X k gmhc XY ^ga igh^j X h\hec9 ^ ]p \mecj XY `pav^ ba[hvX^, `[[ `X X^ Xa h zhc []hc z^,

    ^hec9 edp^em z edXmpa ^ kz ebgghia, ?*($ p^ehdj9 ba g ]h oceXgm

    gmhc j hp^g^cj X^vj op]gaec o^gmj Xj kj Xj `{aj [\]^k, ba ^Xh `o^[hco^gmj

    ;6FCC;;gh6;:i>BUf=>;.:G;:klm?

    g z\{hch eohp ek[[^]cegYj hac, Xa z ekcac [], XaXY oaXoaec X oeXaeiac

    ekgahc [h]\gh^: ekgo^phheiac ]p []hc ?*(7 X k X^vj op]gaec XY ekcac9 `[[

    g ]h e^a ^pj oXheiac emgahc9 eb^XdzeXhp^ z X^X^ ba {hcbfXhp^: `[[ zhv b

    Xq o^cmXq `agcgebheiac Xc o^[[a^ []^kec ohp X^k Xdec Xq `p^gd Xa

    6rstefJK

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    170/200

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    171/200

    **

    z hac X Xc, hohp hv, ^b [[^ Xc X aXa ^-- ^_ Xcj {[ XY z[Xa X^

    \gaX^j Xj `zphaj, aXY gmhc XY p]^ XY ^ga `pha9 z[^ ^_ Xc ^ oe ^

    aXa ^ `zpha eX, `[[ X oap ?*?$ XY zbac^ h^e: ^ ]p ohvX^ `zpha9 ba

    XY pph ba `p o oapao[me Xc X^X eX, X ^9 ]k z ]^ g^c ahXac

    ^[heiac hac9 XY z i[k `oY Xj im[j Xc ahXac od^geiac: z im[ &p ]h,

    pg\]hhj, Xc Xhim[ac o^chv eohp X `pz\gha

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^cb ]h, fbpaXhj9

    Z_`: ba g aX\ ]h XY i[[hc X a{m g^c z^bhv `ohcbhc X Xq d, Xc Xahva ba

    {accza ]]hXac9 ?*?7 $\ohp ^_ ghggmXac X \gaXc, ekapg\eaj `oY X^ ihv ba

    [[heiac XY ^ga9 `[[ ^ ]p oceb^ohvj gh eohp bXYj zp\g^k hp\gh^ ohcz [h^k

    oc[dgac: o[^coa z gv Xc ek Xq z^b^Xd eo^kzad hac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[mi []hcj9

    Z_`: ] eXc ba Xm ~zhv Xc o^X ^[hXac hac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_9

    Z_`: ^b^ X^X\ ]h {c ^ emgahc, XY g Xa ?*?+ `h[\Xc, ga[\Xc z ^_ ghXa{

    X^ hv ba X^ ba (X^ ba)X^ Xa

    YZ[\]^U_`: ba g[a ]h ][epdj, fbpaXhj9

    Z_`: gabpch, ^b ^ei Xc X opqXa \gaXa XhiXa baXabdeXac zm oY Xq^k[^gd Xpa]zhv aX, ohpcXciXd ]pggaXa ba {acp^Xd heX^gaj hba ba oaXa

    eXph\Xd, ba oY ba[[doceg^ ba oY p\^k9 oh X baX\oXp ^ z^bhv e^c X^o^

    hac XY gh[eiac XY q `[[ X^caXa ^gac o^c ec ^ Xj g ?*? `[mihaj ^z

    p^X Xhj, XY z eX\ga o[XX^Xhj, eX ohg[[^Xhj o^[[ o X opqXa \gaXa Xh[hkXqXhj

    o^c^ec gmz a `ipfod ekhvac Xc o^X ^[hXac XY ^ga: eohp ba X ]]a `X

    cbYj e]]a ba[^ec, ba [[a o^[[9

    YZ[\]^U_`: XaXa g eXc ^Xdj, fbpaXhj9

    Z_`: h~ z a_ Xcj ehc ba Xciac ba {acphv XX ^[mXa Xcj h~j X \gaXa, o^[[ho^pa eXac ba o oaX Xcj ^ga op]gaXc op^eapg\ehch9

    ?*?" YZ[\]^U_`: `[mi []hcj9

    Z_`: `[mi gX^c9 `[[ XY gXpc^ ^gac zhv k[XXhc ba XY h~bYj e XY e^Y oceXXm9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^k[^gm 9

    Z_`: ba ]f e c ekg^[^gac, pg\]hhj9 `[[ g ?*J$ [a, zacg\ch,

    `bpc^[^]^,g g `o^]kcfej gh^j9J p^gac ]p o X b^pk hpmba, ohcz ghX

    Xm gma ocebhfghia9 gma ]p g^c z^bhv X^ hc o o^[ emghv^ hac: XY ]p

    gb\j odj XY o^[ emgahc: { `g^v ^_ X^X^c e]bhcXac, gb^kj Xh ba X^ hc, XY

    ^ga gma9 `[[, ohp kz ho^, o X b^pk zhv Xq h~pmgd [ihv: `phX ]p

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    172/200

    *(

    ba baba Xc ^[hXac X \gaXa ?*J7 mXmXa9 XY g ^_ Xhp^ ^od bai^pq, XY z Xhp^

    z^bhv g^c baXzm[^ hac9 ekgdhv ]p X^vj gop^eih oec9 Xh ]p ~\Xd Xq opa]gXd, o

    XY babqj ~Y baba hm: X^X^ z Xa k 0, XY babqj ~ac o X op]gaXa, g[ceXa X

    X^ [^k odkga hc Xj babaj9 XY z babqj ~ac Xc o^X eXc, z^bhv g^c zm[^ ba X

    zhc[, ^od zc[i^gh `[[ ?*J+ ohpmgh, z^ aXY ghX X `zpha ebaeiac:

    z^b^gh z g^c ba [[a o^[[ ohphmbac9 z ^_ zhc[a Xj kj emgahc zhegY hac

    ~ekp\: XY ]p [a ~ej Xj eXc9 zhegYj ^_ [a ba g]ceX^j Xj kj zhc[a hm:

    eohp ]h ba `o^pa bab\, ba o, j ^cbh, Xc go^z 0X ~ac ba o^phheiac9 X^X

    ^_ ahXac XY babqj ~ac zm[^, XY ~e^gdj Xh ba go^zc^gdj o^phheiac, z k Xa

    , bab gheX ]]hXac9 h~ z o X^c^X^cj baba eX X^^ga, X^aX^ X^X^k `phX

    hm, emgav^ opqX^ ?*J g ho^pa, ohcXa z [h[kgm X ^ Xj `]aij kj hac

    `h, eXh XY `eXdj ba XY `bd[Xdj `h ^ odkga h[mh, j ^cbh, X^X^ X^^ga, ()

    piqj g hc `hcphXm ba[hv, edj z aphX []hc, j ^emj XaXmj Xj {hdj aphXdXXmj,

    ek]bhbp\XmXac z ba ba[hvXac `phX9 ba edj gh a_ ehcj o[XXhc: ] z mgc, hohp

    gop^eih ho^ piqj hc, baba, ?*J" ba X^X^ XY ^ga X `phX piqj hc9

    ?*$YZ[\]^U_`: XY z z bab\, zc ^ o^[[ Xq gop^eih hpmbaj, X ^^v X^^ga

    Z_`: X^o\ Xc a g^c]h z^bhv ba a[hoY ekga[hv9 o]d ^_ ba X^X bhm X

    gma9YZ[\]^U_`: o^a XaXm

    Z_`: X X^ apapcb\ Xc ba X^X^ ac hac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ba ^cbj ]h piqj []^Xc9 `[[ h~ z^bhv, XaXa g qgh, XY z ba[Y ba XY

    a~epY ohcpfghia ~zhv o h[\]dj hc9

    Z_`: XY g X^k a~epY ba z baXzm[\ g^c ?*7 ahXac ^hv: ba X^X^ ]p X^vj

    gop^eih g^[^]hvXac9 XY ]p go^z^ ba e^ Xj ^j X Xa [^cz^phv g^c ahXac zc

    oaXYj X \gaXa Xcihj, ba X `h e^Xc XY ^ X^X^ XY ^ga ihX^ (XY)

    `hce^p^: z ek]bp^XeaXhj a~epY ba[^ec9YZ[\]^U_`: X z XY ba[\

    Z_`: X^X^ a[hofXhp^ baXa^eac9 baX^c []hc ]h aX\: |pg^ g\^ ba gbhc X^ ^_

    oapbXac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj z

    Z_`: Xj zca^aj Xcj ^cbh odkga hac X^X^ XY ^ga9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj []hcj

    ?*+Z_`: ph, X ^hc e hac XY aXc^ b[miac beX Xq Xd &p ^b bhv^ XY X

    \gaXa igh^YZ[\]^U_`: oXdj o^k9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    173/200

    *>

    Z_`: ^b^ zc^ca hm X^X^ X^c ihq `ipfod `g\Xhpa

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: ^b^ XY ba[ea X op]gaXa ba XY ba[^ XaX\ eXc X^X^, zc^ca

    YZ[\]^U_`: ahXac9

    Z_`: ^b^ ba ea g ^j Xh ba zc^ca p]emXac, XaX eXc X oachX, z g,

    hbX

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    ?*Z_`: XY ^_ ~aXpcbY ~aXpcb p]hXac ba XY XhbX^cbY XhbX^cb oqj []hcj

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^Xdj ]d]h9

    Z_`: ba XY ba[^ pa ba[

    YZ[\]^U_`: zhv ] X^c9

    Z_`: eXc z ]h X^X^, j agh, zc^ca

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: piqj pa p^ehdj aXm odkga eX XY ba[Y Xj X X^caXa `ohp]a^gmj,

    z ba[ eb^Xhj hac `eoa\ghia9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ahXac9

    ?*"Z_`: X ^_ Xc gv [^coY Xq X^c^Xd

    YZ[\]^U_`: XaXa X ohp XY `]ai\ Xh ba ba[\, ekgp^X ?*$ Xh ba [kecXh[^Xa ba[cga ba bhpza[a ba X`aXa X^Xd9

    Z_` ^b^ XY g ekgp^ zm o^k b e hp^cj b Xq op\Xhp^ oceb^oq: Xj ]p

    oceXgmj `zh[\ Xc ahXac9 ^z ]p [[^ zm[^v X ga ^p Xj kj ghX Xq

    opa]gXd, ba X oY X^ X^c^X^k opaXX\gha ekgp^X Xh ba eg^pa bhb[eiac `oY X^

    ekgohpcpheiac ^cbh, XY z ]h bhpza[^ `oY X^ ?*7 bpz^kj9 bpz^j z `X X^ z[Xa

    `o^zcz\Xc j XY ^ga zm[^v ^[hXac: XY ]p `]aiY baX [[^ Xp\o^ ^ghc9 Xc ]p

    bhpkXac j oXa zch{c\, XaXm aX^ X zagc o^^gd ihX^ X^^ga: z[Xa (z)

    ihj `X X^ bpz^j i]{aX^9YZ[\]^U_`: kecXh[^ z X z

    Z_`: ^cbh, pg\]hhj, ^ baiohp ^ bom[^c aX pqXac, XY `[dga `o^[, ^

    XaX []hc ?*+ g^c z^bhv XY [kecXh[^, `[[ Xc XceX^ X^ X^j eXaeiac ^b /X

    op]gaXa, ^z X[^j [a^ea X ^p X^ pheiac eXa Xh ba oaeaeiac, `[[ `h [hc

    aXj Xc ochcp X[^j ]]]heiac, ba oaphc oakeX^ ba `iaX^ aX, XaX g^c z^bhv

    ocmgeac XY `]aiY [kecXh[^: XY ]p Xj ^pj [^ XY X[^j [kecXh[^ ba[eac9 [cg^

    z {hcbY X^^ga, ba gmp^j o^[[a^ bpmXac, X [[hc: eXc z X^X^ X^ a{hc ba

    \o^chv odkga9

    ?*YZ[\]^U_`: X z z X^Xd aXa oqj hc gv

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    174/200

    *?

    Z_`: ea g `o\mec aXq, j ] g^c z^bhv, ^z zhv XaXa zch{cac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: o^va XaXa

    Z_`: `eg^p^ ba `dh[j ba `[kecXh[j ba `bhpzj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[mi []hcj9

    Z_`: `[[ [ahp\ ]h ba mgcqzhj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: ba XY g ]h [ahpY XY ?*" [oX^ XY ^ hac []hc: XY z [oX^ a_

    emgahc ^k[\gh^ oXhc: XY z oXhc ba zhv XaX\ eXc, X^X^ z oaXa^ ]hc9 XY

    ^k[\gh^ ^_ oXhc ^ pi\XaXa g hm ^k[aoXhp^, ba[[docei z ba[hveia g^c

    ahXac [ahp\9

    YZ[\]^U_`: o^cb[a ] e^c, fbpaXhj, bahc X \gaXa9 ba ]p g^c z^{aj eohp X^ Xj

    imaj \g^k op^a[c^ eX^gak[eac, X^X^ XY ^ga op^hco XY ?*$ ^k[aoXhp^9

    Z_`: ^b ]f, pg\]hhj, aXc^j, `[[ ^ igh^c XY ^ga9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[mi []hcj: `[[ z XY mgcqzhj X hm

    Z_`: X z hm o^X mgcqzhj iaeac, pg\]hhj, j ] `[mi []d []d Xc

    op^eXciXhj ]pggaXa ba {acp^Xhj e\zpa `[[^c^ec Xj Xq ^gXd zca^aj, ^Xdj eXh

    egcbp ok oapaeXp^Xhj ^Xh X`aXa ?*7 o^chv emgahc9 $ ba X z^Xc:

    h\mea ]p aXY ba `hgeim pXc `oY X^zh gh[[\ e^c phv Xc g a d gv ba[ aXm ba X^aX^ ohpcXphh gmhc XY z^ ba XY mgcqzhj, `a kea Xc ^hv, z

    oa[ac `g\Xhp^ zm[^v ^[hXac X^^ga9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj []hcj

    Z_`: ]f e^c pq9 ^eia Xc ^ oa[ac^ ^ gXhp^c X ~qXa ba X z[Xa h_ g[a pqX^, ba

    ^ bceXa ?*+ a ]kavbhj, aohp g[ceXa X `paa d e^kec9 z `X g X^ ~qXa

    h Xa ghXaeXp^kec, `X z X^ z[Xa Xa, j z gh]a[^ophoeXhpa Xa9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj z

    Z_`: $ ^ g `pac\XaX^c gpa X gpa b[^k, ^ z gpa, ^ z gpa9YZ[\]^U_`: eXc XaXa9

    Z_`: ^eia ^_ Xc g\^ X^Xd zm[^v XY `pav^ ^ga X zc^ca X^ ihg^k Xc ]p

    |eg^cj X^vj ?* `ipfo^cj ba ghp^kec b X^ eb\X^kj XY qj ]]hX^, XaX \gaea

    gpa9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ahXac9

    Z_`: z ]h XhXpa]zmg^ ^z baXa^eacj Xc ^[hXac gpa9 baX^c Xcj

    ^^Xac, j z gpa ghpa o^chv, zc XaXa ^geiac aX ^Xdj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: z^bhv g^c9Z_`: ba X\ ]h k]Y ^eia Xc zk^]Y ^ oa[ac^ b[^k9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    175/200

    *J

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: ba XY g ]h k]Y ^z zm[^v, XY z X^v ?*" zk^v hba Xj zehdj j X

    `]d] od\gaeXac zk^]Y zcbadj: z k]\9 ba [[a ogo^[[a ^Xdj hc9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ahXac9

    Z_`: baX XaX X^k opqX^ g XY z^ ^Xd [h]\gh^ X^aX^ emgahc oec X^vj

    ohp XY `]aiY \gaec: `]ai^ ]p ~za ^_ea XY z^ ahXac zhegYj hac ba bf[kga ^pj,

    eohp `zh[Y X^ [ahp^9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ba g[a, fbpaXhj, ^Xd ahXac9

    Z_`: `[[ ^b X `pa \gaXc p, o^[ ?*W$ g[[^ h~b\j eXc piqj bhveiac XY

    , `[[ g^[^]ehc X^vj op\eih `]ai^vj, `X X^ h XY ~qXa `o^zczj, eohp XY oa[ac\:

    JK;,CCkUR,JS,X6;

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    176/200

    *

    oheabX^j zc Xq ggXd, zc XaXa `oY X^ ephv ep^j X\ ]h oa[acY ba[hvX^-- X ]p ^_

    `X X^ pfghia-- z pdj bb[mXac zc X X^ `X X^ ^_ ghXa[[a]9 `[[ X Xc e

    []hcj Xc eb^oqgh

    YZ[\]^U_`: z\{a ba X X^caXa o e^c ahXac

    Z_`: z\{a z X^c X zcf{hc od\gaeXac, k zcfb^kea XY h~zac o hc X

    op]gaXa o^phhXac, X `oY X^ X\{^k ^[9 ^cbh z X^X g[[^9 ?()+ ]^ ^mecj X^X

    ekgdhv9 ec ]p Xj kj o o op]ga, $\ eXc baeX^ Xq Xd, zm[^e

    op^e^cbh, eohp ]h ba ^k[ odj X ^[, ba XY ^[heiac XY heiac emgahc ba

    (XY)^k[hheiac: oXa XaXa z\{ o\gh XXa ahXac Xj ^[j `ohcbegaXa, eohp a_ ba

    X^aX^ `^k[a `Xka z^bhv hac, j ^ a[\X^j ^z Xk\X^j ^ X a[[h ba

    ^[hX^ ba ohp ^ ^k[hhX^ ba ^ hX^9

    ?()YZ[\]^U_`: XaXa zm g^c z^bhvj, fbpaXhj, okb\Xhpa o]hc9

    Z_`: X[^j ]p zm id9 `]bm z ^_ Xc ^[^gac zcaohpac, Xc X^X^cj {j eXc, ba

    XY b^ec^9 XY g ^_ b^ec^, XY hb^ ba g `XcXko^ `[[, eohp []d, hb^ X ~\Xc

    zhzm[dg^ hm X^X X \gaXc, X baX X ^[mec ]c]^g: XY z `a]bav^ ba

    `XXko^, oap X ^[mec , XY ohp X |gapXa hm ba `gaia, `ohbaeXac z X baX X

    ?()" ]bm o^ph, Xc zeo^pa ba Xpaa ba [eca Xa ehc X^ ~ac9 Xhih ^_ edj b[im

    `a]bav^, X zc X^ ]b^kj `ohcbaei o^ph9 dj z opheXc fgm, g `cqgh aX: `[[ba e g `hc, `[[ pfXa9

    ?(*$YZ[\]^U_`: pdXq z X g]ceXa ba X b[[ceXa, X Xh `[ihca ba XY hz^j ba XY

    ba aXY X^X^ ohp [\]^j gv eXc, ^ga, zc Xc XY ^ga hc9

    Z_`: gaheiac ^_ ba[hvj Xc

    YZ[\]^U_`: ]d]h, X\ ]h mXhv9

    Z_`: ^cbh X^k b [\]^k \gaXc ek]bhbp^Xmg, []^X^j Xc X^X eXc , ^ Xk]hc

    Xmga (), XY ^ga9 g[[^ z aXY ]^mj []^gh XY ^gaeX\: Xaia ]p

    eaqj []hc X^X^ hac ^ gega eX9 ?(*7 z `[ihca, ba X^X^ X^vj [[^cj ^cbhek]bhbp^Xeiac: ]p iha X^ X^j ^p ^cbh op^ehcpeiac X^X X gaXc, X `[mih, j

    iha ^_ea [m9 XY (z) hz^j X^aX X ^p/: o[c ]p a_ [^cz^p^gh^ bhc XY

    ~e\gh^ ba XY `a]ba\gh^ ekhc, `ohbaeXac z X^vj baihz^kec: XY hv z op^e]h\gh^

    ocbpoXhc X ^[mec X^ \gaX^j9 XY z ba ^ea g^[^]hv X `[mihv, XY ~qXa

    `o^[a\: ~Y ]p ?(*+ emgahc, ba XY ^b a_, j Xchj ba ^g^kec aX\, ^b ~\9

    YZ[\]^U_`: XaXa g g^c z^bhvj, fbpaXhj, `zphdj ok zcabhbp^Xmbac: h~ z Xj eh p^cX

    X^X^ XY ~Y ba XY ^ ba XY z^, Xa hc pi\XmXa XaXa X \gaXa--

    Z_`: X aX `o^bpcaghia []hcj ]pYZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    177/200

    *

    Z_`: g X^k pXc o^k o^pceghia eXh z^bhv X []hc `o^bpc\gh^c9

    YZ[\]^U_`: XY o^v^ X^X^

    Z_`: ac, g ]c]febdgh, apapcb\ Xc X^X ?(* hac9 hm g ^_ edj Xc X

    `[mih ba X^c^X^ aXq, hm z b oY oa[ac\XmX^j X opqXa Xq ^gXd `hphXa hac: zc

    ]p XY oaXa eXpheiac X \gaXa, ^z iakgaeXY h~ oa[ac d opYj X k

    apapcbj gmz zcaphc9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ba ^z ]h `oY Xp\o^k []hcj9

    Z_`: []d ]p ^_ h~b\Xa9 ^ gX^c g^c z^bhv op^ehcj `] zheiac, `[[ op^ikgmX^

    XaXa zcaebaeiac9 ikgmiqgh z, h Xcj `h, zc []mXac XY ?(*" ^ga, bhva

    `hpehXac X gaXa, ba a_icj a_ zc X gaXa [hi, bhva ohehXac, ba X^X^ g

    oaehXac o^cq, &p ^b `]bm Xh[hkXqXa `ohcohv XY `o^bpc\gh^

    YZ[\]^U_`: g^c]h z^bhv9

    ?(($Z_`: o\Xh ^_ `ohco `oa]^phd zcbadj oa^cX^ &p ^b ohcz o bh^cj

    ]mXac X^vj \gaec, eohph eX^chva Xq [[d eX ba [\]d ba ^gXd XaXa ]p o^k

    ^bXc zbac^ aac { [[d ^gXd ek]bhgha, ^Xdj 9 $ kz XY `]aiY

    agh b X^ `]aeX^ ba b X^ i^^ ek]bhveiac, XY z i^Y edj avgh { Xpd, bhva z

    { [[d: ?((7 `[[ o^X ]h [dgh ^bXc b Xcd Xpd e]bhcXac ^gXd, zcbadj

    avgh o eX^ch Xh zm hac ba ^bXc X^X^ gj zhv h~j [[a \gaXa `aphc9YZ[\]^U_`: g^c]h z^bhvj piqj []hc9

    Z_`: &p ^_ ba ] pdX/j X \gaXa eX^chva Xa Xk]hc, ba zhv aXq [[ Xc

    Xp\o zm X pi\XmXa ocebaeiac Xcj eX

    YZ[\]^U_`: h~b\j ]h9

    Z_`: h~bYj zXa, pg\]hhj: oXa ]^ ahXac X ?((+ gop^eih h~j XaXa

    `h[m[kiac9 h~ z X^X^ ^Xdj hc, j g^c z^bhv hc, zhp^ a_ ekhoebhac ghX g^ g Xc

    oapa[mped []d ^a zhv X Xq opfXd ^gXd pi\XmXa hac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: []h g\^, j e^ ]h zkghdj oap g^ eXc ekhoceb^gac9Z_`: Xc g X^k ga ] Xcj pi\Xmj oaXYj \gaX^j ba opfX^k ba eXX^k, ba ^z

    zcaphc X ^ga hac ^z aXq, ^gac ba e^ ekz^bhv9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    ?((Z_`: `[[ g ]h k(z) zch[m[iagh Xq ^gXd pi\Xmj X^caXm Xcj

    ^[hX^ hac, ^a zm[^ $ baeX\ eXc Xq Xd9

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj ]p ^

    Z_`: X^X^ g pa ^z XX^ ba X opqXa zhv hc ba X eXhpa, hohp \gaXa eXac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9Z_`: `[[ X g eXhpa, j ^cbh, zc Xq op^Xpd $ Xh X^X^ `ohp]heiac9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    178/200

    *

    YZ[\]^U_`: ahXac9

    Z_`: hh: X z z opqXa, $j ^od Xhpa o\bhcXac, Xc Xp\o baX XY zkaXY Xc g[ceXa

    ahp gv ?((" o^cehc X Xa, hohp g[[hc \gaXa hac `o\bpcac z g^c X\zh: h~ d g

    h^gh gmz ][qXXa, ^k[\ghia z zm[^ `[[[^cj X op]gaXa, &p ^b , eohp ^ h^,

    ohhcp^gh emgahc Xavj hpe ba bha[ ba X [[ efgaXc

    YZ[\]^U_`: oqj ]p [[dj, fbpaXhj

    ?(>$Z_`: h~ g ] ^gac XY d ba XY b^^ ^k[\ghia zm[^, _p^gh opYj XY

    ^paY X hvpa, gcg^gh^c aX X ec X^ op]gaX^j: h~ z X bXd ba X apa, opYj X

    ]9 ba h~ oo^ i^Xa Xc [[^ Xq d ^k[\ghia zm[^, ^eia Xc j g^c\XaX X

    gXhpa aXq efgaXa ba egaXa o^c^gh bh^cj9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `]bm g^c z^bhv j []hcj hc9

    Z_`: ^Xd ]p ^gac z[dg X^k efgaX^j ]]hX^, ?(>7 gcgmeag^k, j ^cbh, X^

    efgaX^j bhv^ ^[hX^ zm[qeac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: ohcz z d Xh ba ][fXX ba eX\gaXc ^k[\ghia zm[^, &p ^ X\Xh beX^k

    z[dga gv eXac XY `oY X^Xd ]c]\gh^, Xa ggmga ]mXac zc X^Xd ohp Xc^

    YZ[\]^U_`: `]bm g^c z^bhv9

    Z_`: ^g p eX, j ^cbh, ggmga d bh^k gcghvXac, ba ^ghc gcg^gh^j Xd gcgXac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: z^bhv g^c9

    ?(>+Z_`: g `[[ ^b g^ od z^bhv ba[qj []heiac, Xavph9

    YZ[\]^U_`: X z

    Z_`: X^j X op\aXa gcg^kg^kj X^X^kj ba X^j `[hbXpk\aj ba X [[a a

    `a]ba ghi g^[^]hv ^ghc XaXa ohp gcg^Xac9

    YZ[\]^U_`: `[mi []hcj9

    Z_`: ba[qj ^_ hc z^bhv e^cYZ[\]^U_`: ^b g^c]h9 `[[ Xj , fbpaXhj, ggmecj hm XY ^ga

    Z_`: opqX^ g, j g^ z^bhv, ^b baiohp X ?(> g^kecb gcg^ghia X op]gaXa

    ^Xd gcgfghia, baX^c d ]h ba X\Xh gcg^ghia: ohcXa ^b ohp g^kecb gcghvXac ba

    ghvj gcgfghia, ^ g^c z^b^gh ^gehc9 []d z X^c X^X^: eXc X^vj op]gaec d ba ega

    beX, ba pqg ]h o^[[^vj

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok ]h9

    Z_`: ^cbh X^k ^b Xcj XaXa gcgXac, ^z ohp XaXaj Xj gcgehcj Xm

    ^gaeXcb hac9 aXac g ]p h~ec g g^kecb, z ]pacb: ]pYZ[\]^U_`: a9

  • 8/12/2019 Crtillo traduo e estudo

    179/200

    *W

    ?(>"Z_`: X z z X\zh ^ ba ^ea z^bhv e^c hac beX, eohp ba pqga ba kz

    []^gh opqX^ aX X pfgaXc ba X d ^b eXc ^ea Xcj baXp aXq ba X^vj [[^cj

    oec ea {dXac XaXmj Xj op^epehdj, X^ hac

    YZ[\]^U_`: g^c]h z^bhv9

    Z_`: X ^_ h Xcj aXY X^X^ gcghveiac zacX^ beX k, X ^ea, ]pggae Xh ba

    ek[[aavj, &p ^b zm[^v baeX^ eXc ^

    ?(?$ YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_9

    Z_`: ba X amj XY X^X^ zkgh^, eohp X^j op^Xp^kj XY g g^kecbY meia,

    XY z Xca ]pacb\9 X^X^ z Xa

    YZ[\]^U_`: X^X^ g^c]h z^bhv, fbpaXhj, ohp o[ac mX^gh, ^X^j hac ^gaeXcb\j9

    Z_`: h~ pa X^X^ `[mij, zm ^cbh ocebhoX^ ohp bhd Xq ^gXd e p^k, ohp

    ^j Xh ba X^ ~ac ba eehdj, h~ X^vj ]pggaec ba Xavj ek[[aavj ?(?7 X^ X^j

    oc[aghXac aXq eXh `o^gcghveiac X ^ea, hXh ba ^

    YZ[\]^U_`: ok g ^_9

    Z_`: ph z zdgh o\Xhp^ pa XaXa g\a eX Xq opfXd ^gXd ba [[a o^[[9

    YZ[\]^U_`: ^gac ]d]h ba [[a9

    Z_`: h~bYj ]p9 `[[ Xj hm Xp\o^j Xj zcacpehdj ih phXac gcghveiac gcg^gh^j

    &pa ^b ohohp ek[[aavj Xh ba ]pggaec ggmecj Xk]hc ^_ea Xj ^eaj, pi\XaX\ eXczch[eiac X eX^chva opqX^, eohp ?(?+ ^ ochcp^Xhj X^vj kig^vj Xq eX^chd opqX^ Xj

    zkghcj zch[^X^, ohcXa Xq ek[[aq, ba ^Xdj zm p^Xac o X^j kig^j ebh\gh^c,

    op\Xhp^ z ^

    YZ[\]^U_`: a9

    Z_`: &p ^_ ba gj ^Xd zhv o