Biologia 11 ciclo celular
-
Upload
nuno-correia -
Category
Education
-
view
1.945 -
download
1
Transcript of Biologia 11 ciclo celular
![Page 1: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Biologia
Biologia 11º
![Page 2: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 3: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 4: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 5: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 6: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 7: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 8: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 9: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 10: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 11: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 12: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
MTOC
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 13: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 14: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Áster
Conjunto de microtúbulos
que se desenvolve na célula
a partir dos centríolos e que
migra para as duas
extremidades do fuso
acromático.
O áster está ausente em
células vegetais.
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 15: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 16: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 17: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 18: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 19: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 20: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 21: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 22: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 23: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 24: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 25: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 26: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 27: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 28: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 29: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 30: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 31: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 32: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Meristemas
Nuno Correia 2011/12
Questão de aula:
Explique porque razão se procede à observação de células
meristemáticas quando se pretende observar diferentes fases da
mitose?
![Page 33: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 34: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Regulação do ciclo celular
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 35: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 36: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Apoptose
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 37: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Cancro ou neoplasia maligna
Nuno Correia 2011/12
O ciclo celular apresenta
mecanismos de regulação
que actuam em diferentes
momentos.
![Page 38: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Como é assegurada a
estabilidade genética?
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 39: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 40: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Crescimento e regeneração de
tecidos
Nuno Correia 2011/12
A divisão celular, para além de permitir o crescimento de seres
pluricelulares é fundamental na manutenção da integridade dos
indivíduos adultos.
![Page 41: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Regeneração
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 42: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Também a regeneração
de tecidos depende de
divisões celulares.
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 43: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Diferenciação celular
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 44: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Calcula-se que cada célula diferenciada possua,
num determinado momento, apenas 5% a 10% do
seu DNA ativo.
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 45: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Numa célula diferenciada, o DNA
é o mesmo da célula inicial?
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 46: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Experiência de Steward
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 47: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Experiência de Briggs
Transplantando núcleos de células especializadas de
um girino para óvulos cujo núcleo tinha sido destruído, conseguiram obter girinos.
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 48: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
As células constituem tecidos e órgãos muito
diversos, onde assumem formas e funções
completamente diferentes.
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 49: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Células indiferenciadas
Em determinadas circunstâncias, as células
diferenciadas podem perder a sua
especialização, transformando-se em células
indiferenciadas.
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 50: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 51: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 52: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Diz-me que gene está activo....
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 53: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Controlo da expressividade dos genes
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 54: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Metaplasias
Mudanças reversíveis num determinado tipo de
células que são substituídas por células de outro
tipo.
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 55: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 56: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Os elementos provenientes
do ambiente ativam a
expressividade de
determinados genes em
detrimento de outros,
alterando, assim, o tipo de
célula e a sua função.
Nuno Correia 2011/12
![Page 57: Biologia 11 ciclo celular](https://reader036.fdocumentos.tips/reader036/viewer/2022081502/5596fae61a28ab70228b481c/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Nuno Correia 2011/12